Lipoic acid biosynthesis.

Abstract

<p>mtFAS generates octanoyl-ACP, that enters the lipoic acid biosynthesis pathway. The octanoyl moiety is then transferred from ACP to H or E2 proteins. Subsequently, insertion of two sulfur atoms occurs on the octanoyl moiety to generate lipoylated H or E2 proteins. 2-KGDH, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; 2-OADH, 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase; ACP, acyl carrier protein; BCKDH, branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase; GCS, glycine cleavage system; LA, lipoic acid; LIAS, lipoic acid synthetase; LIPT1, lipoyl(octanoyl) transferase 1; LIPT2, lipoyl(octanoyl) transferase 2; mtFAS, mitochondrial fatty acidynthesis; PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase.</p