Charitonidis, Nikolaos

Efthymiopoulos, Ilias

Infoscience - École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne

0 ms 45 ms 75 ms 110 ms 140 ms 175 ms 205 ms 235 ms First observations from the HRM-10 tungsten powder experiment at HiRadMat  N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL], I. Efthymiopoulos [CERN], C. Densham, O. Caretta, M. Fitton, P. Loveridge, T. Davenne &  Joe O’Dell [RAL-STFC] 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 1 2.64x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c Objective – Scientific motivation  Tungsten powder:   Candidate solution for high power targets • Pneumatic conveyance demonstrated @ RAL  • Response to proton beam : UNTESTED  HRM10 to fill this experimental gap ! !   7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 2 Experimental setup of  HRM10  A double Ti Trough, containing static powder target , settled but not compressed     Proton beam Outer container Inner container 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 3 Containers with He-Gas Length 30cm, Diameter ~ 1.6 cm Experiment placed & ready for beam @ HiRadMat  7 November 2012 4 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 Talk of I. Efthymiopoulos ! Experiment Instrumentation  7 November 2012  Possible effects  Gas expansion (or implosion)  Melting of the beads  Shock Wave propagation  Two main diagnostic tools   High Speed Camera (Redlake MotionXtra HG-100K) • Frame rates used in the experiment: 2kfps & 1kfps   Laser – Doppler Vibrometer (Polytec OFV-505)  • Pointing on the container(s) of the powder – Evaluation of the vibrations of the containers due to the beam impact   Prompt energy deposition/radiation  ( FLUKA® Monte – Carlo Code ) Top  Front  7 November 2012 Maximum Energy Deposition: 4.5GeV/cm3/primary Observation window 6 mm Experimental Layout  7 November 2012  Remote observation for both LDV & High Speed Camera  The only way for the equipment to survive the prompt radiation   Concrete bunker built at TJ7 tunnel & two mirrors (1 in TJ7 and one near the sampler holder, at TNC tunnel)  Camera & LDV Mirror 1 Mirror 2 Experimental Setup 7 November 2012 Field of  view  7 November 2012 Beam: 31/5/2012  - Maximum intensity: 2.94E11 p/pulse - Total proton budget: 3.31E12 p.o.t X pixel size : ~ 161um Y pixel size: ~ 157um Resolution: 768 x 480   Beam parameters of  HRM-10  p= 440 GeV/c protons  Sigma2: variable, around 4mm2  Intensities: From 6.8E9 up to 2.94E11 p/pulse  Bunches / pulse: 1 (6 shots), 6 (11 shots),  36 (5 shots)  In total: 22 shots on target 7 November 2012 10 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 Low intensity shots   Intensities from 7E9 to 4.6E10  No visible effect noticed ! (No disruption, no movement) ! 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 11 0 ms 12.5 ms 20 ms 27.5 ms 52.5 ms 45 ms 40 ms 32.5 ms 4.6x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c Medium Intensities – 8.1E10 to 2E11 p/pulse  440 GeV/c  Sigma2 ~ 4mm2  6 bunches / pulse , 50 ns spacing  7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 12 Shot # 8 – 1.75E11 p.o.t 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 13 1.75x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c 0 ms 25 ms 45 ms 65 ms 140 ms 120 ms 102.5 ms 82.5 ms  First major disruption !  Shot # 8 – 1.75E11 p.o.t 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 14 1.75x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c 0 ms 25 ms 45 ms 65 ms 140 ms 120 ms 102.5 ms 82.5 ms  First major disruption !  Shot # 8 – 1.75E11 p.o.t Max: 14mm 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 15  Maximum height jump & speed consistent with the energy deposition distribution !  50 horizontal pixels = 0.8 cm Shot # 9 – 1.85E11 p.o.t 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 16  Similar intensity  & beam sigma with shot #8, but totally different reaction. Possible explanations :   Beam impact in slightly different height   Different surface density (due to previous disruption) 1.85x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c 0 ms 35 ms 60 ms 85 ms 185 ms 160 ms 135 ms 110 ms Shot #10 – 1.58E11 p.o.t  7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 17 1.58x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c  Secondary & delayed disruptions appear for first time ! 0 ms 30 ms 50 ms 70 ms 150 ms 130 ms 110 ms 90 ms Shot #10 – 1.58E11 p.o.t 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 18  Lower maximum height, and lower speed   Filaments appear.  50 horizontal pixels = 0.8 cm Shot #11 – 1.69E11 p.o.t 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 19 1.69x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c 0 ms 25 ms 45 ms 65 ms 140 ms 122.5 ms 102.5 ms 82.5 ms Shot #11 – 1.69E11 p.o.t 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 20 Shot #14 – 2E11 p.o.t 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 21 0 ms 30 ms 50 ms 70 ms 150 ms 130 ms 110 ms 90 ms 2x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c 31May14 – 2E11 p/pulse 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 22 Shot #14 & Shot #17: Same intensity, different beam sigma 31May 14: 2E11 p/pulse,  σ2 = 4.28 mm2 31May 17: 2E11 p/pulse,  σ2 = 1.87 mm2 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 23 Shot #20 : More violent disruption 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 24 2.64x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c 0 ms 45 ms 75 ms 110 ms 235 ms 205 ms 175 ms 140 ms Shot #21 : Powder dust ? 7 November 2012 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 25 40 ms 205 ms 370 ms 535 ms 1.36 s 1.0 s 1.2 s 700 ms 865 ms 1.52 s 1.7 s 1.9 s 2.94x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c Average Height  7 November 2012 26 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 σ2=1.87mm2 σ2=4.38mm2  Maximum height appears to scale with the intensity as well as with the beam sigma  Secondary disruption – Shot #11 7 November 2012 27 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 1.69x1011 protons @ 440GeV/c 0 ms 25 ms 45 ms 65 ms 140 ms 122.5 ms 102.5 ms 82.5 ms  The main disruption finishes at ~ 65 ms and immediately after the secondary disruption starts.   Duration: ~ 30 ms  Max. Height : ~ 3.5 mm  LED Degradation - Upstream 7 November 2012 28 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012  After ~ 6E11 p.o.t  More than 25% light loss !  After ~ 1E12 p.o.t  More than 50% light loss 7 November 2012 29 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 LED Degradation - Downstream  After ~ 4E11 p.o.t  More than 25% light loss !  After ~ 1E12 p.o.t  More than 50% light loss No change in the lighting appears for proton doses < 1E11 p.o.t Conclusions   W - powder disruptions under the effect of the beam  appears to be consistent with the energy distribution predicted by Monte – Carlo simulations  Maximum height of the disruption for beam intensities up to 2E11 p/pulse : ~ 14mm  Disruption speeds < 0.5 m/s  7 November 2012 30 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 Next steps   Fine-tuning of the analysis algorithms for the photos   Continuation of the analysis of the LDV data   Post Irradiation analysis ?  7 November 2012 31 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 Thank you ! 7 November 2012 32 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 Extra 1 : Temperature 7 November 2012 33 N. Charitonidis [CERN, EPFL] – NBI2012 Extra 2: Activation Dose Rates (uSv/h) – For 1E13 p 1 hour 1 day 1 week 1 month 2 months 4 months Maximum dose rate on the sample: 3.7 Sv/h Maximum dose rate on the sample: 103 mSv/h Maximum dose rate on the sample : 9 mSv/h Maximum dose rate on the sample : 925 μSv/h Maximum dose rate on the sample : 476 μSv/h Maximum dose rate on the sample : 241 μSv/h Loss of  LED power [%] due to irradiation 7 November 2012 0.05.010.015.020.025.030.035.040.045.050.055.060.065.070.075.080.00 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120Percentage [%] Cummulative Intensity [*E10 p.o.t] LED Power Loss Percentage [%] Upstream LED's (pixel 188,50)Middle LED's (pixel 126, 299)Downstream LED's (pixel 93, 609)

First observations from the HRM-10 tungsten powder experiment at HiRadMat

http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/182223/files/NBI2012_Charitonidis.pdf

First observations from the HRM-10 tungsten powder experiment at HiRadMat

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Infoscience - École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne