C.K. Kwan

K.M. Kam1

P.C.D. Chan

P.H. Chung

Walter Sisulu University

54 Antimicrobial resistance / International Journal of Infectious Diseases 101(S1) (2021) 8–119tant to ceftriaxone, respectively. Serotype 6A and 6B isolates builtup the high resistance to chloramphenicol.Conclusion: The antibiotic resistance of invasive S. pneumoniaeisolates from meningitis pediatric patients in Southern Vietnamis at an alarming rate with the significant decrease of ceftriaxonesusceptibility.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1720130Epidemiology, risk factors and molecularanalysis of carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae (CRE) in Mthatha, EasternCape, South AfricaS.D. Vasaikar 1,∗, P. Hanise 2, D.T. Abaver 31 WSU, Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, Mthatha,EASTERN CAPE, South Africa2 National health laboratory services, Mthatha,South Africa3 Walter Sisulu University, Laboratory Medicine &Pathology, Mthatha, South AfricaBackground: The emergence of carbapenem resistance inEnterobacteriaceae is an important threat to global health.Reported outcomes of infections with carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae (CRE) are poor. Commonly used antibiotics aregenerally inactive against CRE. Therefore, timely detection of CREis of paramount importance. This study aimed to investigate theresistance genes responsible for CRE in Mthatha and to identifyrisk factors.Methods and materials: Study design – Prospective cohortstudy. Study period – 23 April to 27 September 2019. Setting – East-ern Cape province, SA. Study population – All adult and paediatricCRE patients. CRE case definition according to CDC 2018. ID andAST-bioMérieux Vitek 2 system. Detection of the blaOXA-48, blaKPC,blaNDM, and blaVIM by the RESIST-4 OKNV assay (Coris). Patientswere interviewed to determine risk factors associated with CRE.Results: Forty-four non-duplicate CRE patients were identi-fied during the study period from microbiology lab at NMAH.Enterobacteriaceae species: K. pneumoniae 22 (61.4%), E. cloacae 10(22.7%), E. coli 2 (4.5%) and K. oxytoca, P. rettgeri and M. morganii1 each (4.3%). Adult patient 29 (65.9%0 and paediatric 15 (34.1%).Race: all black patients except one white. CRE genes-blaOXA-48 22(50%), blaNDM 8 (18.2%), two isolates (4.5%) with both blaOXA andblaNDM. We did not find any blaKPC and blaVIM in our setting and 12(27.2%) isolates were negative for all OKNV. Outcomes: Demised18 (40.9%), still admitted in the ward 1 (2.3%), discharged homeon basis of clinical grounds 22 (50%) and 3 (6.8%) were transferredback to the district hospitals. HAI in 27 (61.4%) with VAP 8, HABSI 8,CAUTI 5, SSI 3 and CLABSI in 3. Risk factors for CRE acquisition wereantibiotic exposure 25 (58.7%), ICU stay 7 (15.9%), received medicalcare in last 6 months 35 (79.6%) and none travelled outside RSA.HIV positive – 19 (43.2%).Conclusion: In out setting our CRE mortality rate is 40.9%, com-mon CRE genotypes are blaOXA-48 and blaNDM. K. pneumoniae is themost common CRE-producing Enterobacteriaceae and antibioticexposure is an important risk factor in Mthatha and surroundingareas.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1730131Prevalence of macrolide and fluoroquinoloneresistance-associated mutations in Mycoplasmagenitalium in Hong KongP.C.D. Chan 1,∗, K.M. Kam 1, C.K. Kwan 2, P.H.Chung 31 Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases,Faculty of Medicine, Shatin, Hong Kong, China2 Department of Health, Hong Kong, Hong Kong,China3 Chinese University of Hong Kong, School of PublicHealth, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaBackground: Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is a common causeof non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) and the surge in MG antibioticsresistance is alarming. In Hong Kong, NGU is the most preva-lent sexually transmitted infection (STI) in males. However, thelocal prevalence of MG and the burden of antimicrobial resistanceremain unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence ofantibiotic resistance in MG among STI male patients in Hong Kong.Methods and materials: Male patients attending a sexuallytransmitted diseases clinic for treatment of NGU and presentingwith urethritis were included. First-void urine specimens were col-lected and screened for MG infection by real-time PCR (Genesig,United Kingdom). M. genitalium-positive samples were tested formacrolide resistance-associated mutations in the 23S rRNA geneusing the ResistancePlus MG assay (SpeeDx, Australia), and fluoro-quinolone resistance-associated genetic markers in gyrA and parCby PCR and sequencing.Results: The prevalence of MG in male patients with symp-tomatic urethritis was 10.8% (17/157). Among 17 men withMG infection, 5 (29.4%) were initially treated with azithromycinand 4 (23.5%) on moxifloxacin. Overall, 11 patients (64.7%) har-bored macrolide resistance-associated mutations in the 23S rRNAgene. The GyrA and ParC genes were successfully amplified andsequenced in 15 MG-positive cases, of which 60.0% (9/15) pos-sessed fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations (S83I orD87Y) in parC. The presence of MG with alterations in both 23SrRNA gene and parC, potentially associated with treatment failurewith macrolide and fluoroquinolone regimens, was 46.7% (7/15).Conclusion: The emergence of MG carrying both macrolide andfluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations is raising concernabout incurable MG for which recommended therapies would beineffective. This study indicates further antimicrobial drug resis-tance surveillance would be needed to limit the spread of macrolideand fluoroquinolone resistance in MG in Hong Kong.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1740132Devising communication strategies forimproving public awareness on responsibleantibiotic use: A case study of WHO campaignD. BhaskarRegional Centre for Biotechnology, Academics,Faridabad, IndiaBackground: Tackling antibiotic resistance is a global prior-ity bordering emergency. Multi country initiatives, as with WHOcampaign, are becoming increasingly effective in tackling soci-etal issues. WHO campaign for World Antibiotic Awareness Week(WAAW). 131 countries officially reported activities in all six WHOregions. With over 4.2 billion users of social media around the world

Prevalence of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations in Mycoplasma genitalium in Hong Kong

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Prevalence of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations in Mycoplasma genitalium in Hong Kong

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