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Realistic ghost state: Pauli forbidden state from rigorous solution of the α particle

Abstract

The antisymmetrization of the composite particles in cluster model calculations manifests itself in Pauli forbidden states (ghost states), if one restricts oneself to an undeformed cluster in the low-energy region. The resonating group method and the generating coordinate method rely on a property of the norm kernel, which introduces some of the ghost states. The norm kernel has been usually been calculated under the assumption that the inner wave functions have a simple Gaussian form. This is the first time that this assumption has been tested in a rigorous way. In the 4He+N system, we demonstrate a ghost state, which is calculated from a rigorous solution of Yakubovsky equations for the α particle. The ghost states calculated by rigorous and approximate methods turn out to have a very similar form. It is analytically proved that the trace of the norm kernel does not depend on the inner wave function we choose

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