The article discusses the main aspects of intangible resources management of the enterprise.
Relevance and necessity of intangible resources managing was highlighted.
Trends in the understanding of the topic as well as popularity of intangibles in different countries
were presented. Author’s control system, which consists of 8 stages was proposed

Anokhina, K.

Анохина, Е.А.

Анохіна, К.О.

Odessa National Economic University

Socio-economic Research Bulletin, 2015, Issue 4 (59)     ISSN 2313-4569      5  THE MANAGEMENT OF INTANGIBLE RESOURCES  Katherine Anokhina*  1. Introduction  Problem analysis and efficient use of resources is one of the main issues of enterprise economics. Thanks to more efficient use of all resources, the company can achieve its objectives, including maximizing profits. In the historical development of the productive forces, there were changes in their composition and structure. Leading positions among other resources occupied by raw material, logistical, financial and labor.  Recently, more and more important as a part of the resources acquired intangible components of the company. It is because of the latest technology, commercial designation, human capital, goodwill and other intangible components, companies are able to take advantage in the competition. In the leading economies of the world intangible resources of the companies in value have exceeded the material Some domestic scholars believe that the lagging economy of Ukraine economically developed countries due to low level of intangible resources enterprises of Ukraine and ineffective use, which confirms the high relevance of research topic.  2. The main material research  The most common terms in the literature are often identified or replaced, are “intangible capital”, “intangible property”, “intangible assets” and “intangible resources”. These concepts all  have significant differences despite the similarity that unites them as it is the absence material  form. These concepts are endowed with different characteristics and are used in various fields,  but  assigning  object  to  one  of  these  categories  does  not  preclude  classifying  them  to  the   other one. Turning to the past experience, namely analyze the dynamics of growth of interest in the study subjects, there will be no doubts about the relevance of the problem. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 shows a graphic study of these categories using the service Google Ngram Viewer [1], which identifies the certain user phrase for the more than 5.2 million books from 1800 to 2009. It should be noted that the Ukrainian request could not be done because it is not present in the database. The very same base consists of book resources registered by system Google Books. Undoubtedly, this data is hardly accurate because not all the books in the world are available on Google Books. But the graphics are more than revealing. As expected, the dynamics of interest issues of intellectual capital and intangible asset among Russian specialists lower than in English. A significant increase in scientific publications is observed just at the beginning of the 90s of XX century. This period is the emergence of the formation of the modern concept of the intangibles.  J. Daum believes that the transformation of the global economy observed since the early 1980s, is the result of three unique forces which form the foundation of the “new economy”: knowledge-based products that are characterized by increasing returns; intensified business competition that is the  result  of  globalization  of  trade  and  of  the  deregulation  of  key  economic  sectors  (e.g.                                                               * © Katherine Anokhina; Ph.D.; Lecturer; Management of Organizations and Foreign Economic Activity Department; Odessa National Economic University; E-mail: <anokhina0201@gmail.com>. ISSN 2313-4569     Socio-economic Research Bulletin, 2015, Issue 4 (59)  6 telecommunications, electricity, financial services and capital markets in general); and the development of information and communication technologies, most recently exemplified by the Internet, that enforce the effects of the two other forces [2, p.107].    Fig. 1. Diagram frequency of use of intellectual assets and intellectual capital in English literature in the period of 1800–2009 years (Compiled by the author on materials [1])     Fig. 2. Diagram frequency of use of intellectual assets and intellectual capital in Russian literature in the period of 1800–2009 years (Compiled by the author on materials [1])  B. Lev considers that two fundamental developments – one economic and political,  the other technological – have dramatically changed the structure of corporations and have catapulted intangibles into the role of the major value driver of businesses in developed economies [3, p.9]. Thus, most scientists in the same opinion on the importance of intangible resources and factors that led to significant changes in the economy and provide impetus to the rapid growth of importance of intangible resources. However, unfortunately, there is no single view of the essence of the concept of intangible resources. Moreover, the nature of intangibles increasingly become more uncertain due to the rapid increase in the number of scientific works of authors who represent different sectors of the economy. Socio-economic Research Bulletin, 2015, Issue 4 (59)     ISSN 2313-4569      7 Management of intangible resources – a decision-making process aimed at efficient use of intangible resources by identifying them in the company, determining the value and useful life, increase their level of development and their introduction into commercial turnover given the state of the environment and compliance with the strategic objectives of the company. This definition of managing intangible resources used basic stages of their control [4, pp.409–410; 5, pp.505–507;  6, pp.86–87].  According to the analysis of modern approaches to the formation of company’s intangible resources management, it was suggested author’s mechanism of control intangible resources of enterprises which is represented in Fig. 3.   Fig. 3. The scheme implementation of management measures for the effective use of  intangible resources (developed by the author)  The mechanism consists of eight stages. Consider in more details each of the proposed stages of managing intangible resources of the company. 1. Setting goals and objectives of the management of intangible resources.  A detailed and methodical work of presenting the goals that aim to achieve the company  through control the process of intangibles is to be held in the first phase. As you know,  the main subjective objective of the company is profit. But taking into account the strengths  and weaknesses of the enterprise certain actions in relation to the intangible assets will  be  able  greatly  expand  and  help  implement  priority  intentions.  It  seems  unjustified  to  use  intangibles and spend time and money and then not get the desired results due to the fact that the ISSN 2313-4569     Socio-economic Research Bulletin, 2015, Issue 4 (59)  8 goals and objectives of management does not meet the objectives of the enterprise in the  long run. 2. Identification of intangible resources, definition of objects that matter most.  At this stage there is a need for an inventory and analysis of the composition and  dynamics of intangible resources of the company. An accurate register of all existing  intangible resources must be made; discovered and identifying all the hidden features of the company. 3. Valuation of intangible resources of the enterprise.  In order to determine the level of intangible resource efficiency it is necessary to evaluate their value. There are a variety number of methods to assess intangible resources of an enterprise. 4. Analysis of efficiency intangible resources of the enterprise.  It is logical that the use of intangibles should improve the position of the company. Based on the results of previous studies, it is suggested to isolate the effect of the use of intangible resources of the company to calculate the system performance indicators of intangible resources. The results of calculation efficiency of intangible resources that will be received by the specified method will allow the company to decide on the appropriateness the use or development of certain intangible resources. 5. Analysis of the level of depreciation of intangible resources of the enterprise.  At this stage the assessment of obsolescence of intangible resources is realized. Intangible resources obsolescence describing how an intangible object lose their consumer qualities under the influence of scientific and technological progress. Obsolescence involves reducing the socially necessary  cost  of  reproduction  of  intangible  resources,  as  well  as  the  emergence  of  new,   more useful objects. It is necessary to calculate the degree wear and tear and suitability intangible resources of the company. 6. Calculation of level and reserves of intangible resources of the enterprise.  At  this  stage  the  analysis  of  a  level  of  development  intangible  resources  of  the  company  carried  first. This analysis is disclosed using calculation system of aggregated and partial indicators and intangible resources level development indicators as well. These calculations are proposed to implement  by  the  author  methodological  developments  using  the  theory  of  fuzzy  sets.  After  assessing a level of development intangible resources reserves of their increasing are estimated, which are the output information for drawing up a list of practical actions for improving the use of intangible resources of the company. 7. Forming a list of specific management solutions on increasing efficiency and level of development intangible resources of the enterprise.  The result of this phase is the development system of measures concerning efficiency improves of intangible resources of the company. 8. Choosing the best management solutions on increasing efficiency and level of development intangible resources of the enterprise.  At this stage, the selection optimal criteria measures to improve efficiency of use and the development of intangible resources are carried out. Based on the selected criteria those measures are taken which is the biggest degree satisfy him. Exactly these selected measures are the result of intangible resources management activities of the enterprise and should be implemented during the planning period. The main difference between the proposed sequence of stages of the management of intangible resources is a complex intangible resources analysis before making appropriate management decisions that include evaluation, efficiency analysis and levels of depreciation and development. Socio-economic Research Bulletin, 2015, Issue 4 (59)     ISSN 2313-4569      9 Another difference in proposed scheme of making management decisions concerning the  efficient use of intangible resources of enterprises is entering the stage of choosing optimal  action from a wide range of potentially possible. In summary the evolutionary process in modern economics has created the mass changes that caused  global  market  change.  To  the  similar  changes  must  be  referred  the  increasing  role  of  immaterial  resources  being  a  part  of  economic  entities.  Now  you  can  witness  the  creation  of  competitive advantages of company via immaterial resources and intellectual capital. Effective and efficient intangible assets management aimed to increase value of a company makes an essential problem to be solved. References  1. Google Ngram Viewer, available at: www.books.google.com/ngrams. 2. Daum, J. H. (2003), Intangible Assets and Value Creation, England, 421 p. 3. Baruch, L. (2001), Intangibles: management, measurement, and reporting, Washington, D.C., 201 p. 4. Anokhina, K. (2012), Intangible assets management features in industrial enterprises.  Proceedings of I International scientific and practical conference: “Economics of Enterprise: modern problems of theory and practice” [Osoblyvosti upravlinnia nematerialnymy aktyvamy na promyslovykh pidpryiemstvakh: Materialy I Mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi  konferentsii: «Ekonomika pidpryiemstva: suchasni problemy teorii ta praktyky»], Odessa national economic university, Odessa, pp. 409–410 (ukr) 5. Grebeshkova, A. Basic provisions of the strategic management of intangible assets of the enterprise [Bazovi polozhennia stratehichnoho upravlinnia nematerialnymy aktyvamy pidpryiemstva], available at: www.economica.org.ua/2009/srtuprnm (ukr) 6. Mokrova, L. P. Methods and technologies intangible assets management [Metodyky i tekhnolohii upravlinnia nematerialnymy aktyvamy], available at: www.e-c-m.ru/magazine/67/ eau_67_99.htm (ukr) Summary  The article discusses the main aspects of intangible resources management of the enterprise. Relevance and necessity of intangible resources managing was highlighted.  Trends in the understanding of the topic as well as popularity of intangibles in different countries were presented. Author’s control system, which consists of 8 stages was proposed. Keywords: intangible resources; intangible assets; intellectual capital; managing system; new economy.  JEL classification: M100, M150  UD classification: 65.011.4           Date of acceptance: 20.08.2015. 

The management  of intangible resources

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The management of intangible resources

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