Važnost vitamina u prehrani djece mlađe školske dobi

Abstract

Vitamini su tvari organskog podrijetla raznovrsne strukture, potrebni su za zdravlje i život u malim količinama te su nužno potrebne za normalno funkcioniranje organizma, a to bi značilo da vitamini čovjeku služe za rast, razvitak i jačanje njegova organizma. U tijelo se unose prehranom ili dodatcima prehrani jer su to tvari koje se ne mogu sintetizirati u čovjekovom tijelu u dovoljnim količinama. Svi poznati vitamini klinički su ispitani i primjenjuju se danas kako u terapijske tako i u preventivne svrhe. Vitamini se dijele u dvije osnovne skupine: a) vitamini topljivi u mastima (Vitamin A, D, E, K) b) vitamini topljivi u vodi (Vitamini B i vitamin C) U dječjoj i mladenačkoj dobi veoma je značajna pravilna prehrana. Upravo radi njihovog ubrzanog rasta i razvoja, djeci i mladima potrebna je raznovrsna prehrana koja može zadovoljiti njihove povećane potrebe za energijom i nutrijentima. Pomanjkanje hrane te nepravilna prehrana mogu privremeno ili trajno ugroziti zdravstveno stanje, a u djece i mladeži nepovoljno utjecati na rast i razvoj. Potrebno je kontinuirano poticati djecu na usvajanje pravilnih prehrambenih navika, a za pravilne prehrambene navike ključna je potrošnja raznovrsnih namirnica jer smanjuje mogućnost prekomjernog unosa jednog nutrijenta. Ovaj rad usmjeren je na utvrđivanje znanja o vitaminima te na utvrđivanje važnosti vitamina usmjerenih na prehranu kod djece mlađe školske dobi. U okviru rada proveden je anketni upitnik, u svibnju 2017. godine. Upitnik su ispunili učenici prvoga razreda Osnovne škole Ivana Kozarca u Županji. Cilj ovog istraživanja je dobiti od učenika povratnu informaciju kako i koliko poznaju sadržaje o vitaminima te koliku važnost pridaju vitaminima u prehrani.Vitamins are substances of organic origin and various structures, needed for health and life in small quantities, and indispensably necessary for the normal functioning of the organism, which would mean that people use vitamins for growth, development and strenghtening of their organism. The body obtaines vitamines through the diet and dietary supplements, because the organism cannot synthesize the compound in sufficient quantities. All recognized vitamins are clinically tested and are used for therapeutic, as well as preventive purposes nowadays. They are classified into two major groups: a)fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, K) b)water-soluble vitamins (vitamins B and C) Proper nutrition is of great importance in childhood and adolescence. Accelerated growth and development of children and youth requires diverse diet that can settle their increased need for energy and nutritiens. Lack of food and improper diet can endanger health condition, temporary or in the long term, and have adverse effect on child and youth growth and development. It is necessary to continually encourage the children to adopt proper nutrition habits, and consumption of diverse food is the key way to achieve that since it reduces the possibility of excesive intake of only one nutritient. This paper focuses on determining the knowledge about vitamins and importance of vitamin-oriented nutrition in children of younger school age. A survey was conducted within this paper in May 2017. It was completed by students of the first grade of Ivan Kozarac Primary School in Županja. The aim of this study is to get feedback from students about how and how much they know about vitamin-related contents and what importance they attach to vitamins in their diet