The new species Stellilabium smaragdinum is described and illustrated from the montane oak forests of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Among the species of Sect. Taeniorhachis, S. smaragdinum may be recognized for the inflorescence bearing 1-3 (4) simultaneous flowers, the oblong to ovoid, rounded basal lobules of the lip, the non-ciliate margins of the lip midlobe and the peculiar colour of the column setae, cream banded with purple.Se describe e ilustra Stellilabium smaragdinum de los bosques montanos de encino de la Cordillera de Talamanca. S. smaragdinum se distingue de otras especies de la sección Taeniorhachis por su inflorescencia con 1 a 3 (4) flores simultáneas, los lóbulos basales del labelo oblongos a ovoides y redondeados en el ápice y la peculiar coloración de la setas en los lóbulos laterales de la columna, marfil con bandas púrpura.Organization for Tropical Studies/[]/OTS/Estados UnidosAndrew W. Mellon Foundation/[]//Estados UnidosUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Agroalimentarias::Jardín Botánico Lankester (JBL

Blanco Coto, Mario Alberto

Pupulin, Franco

Lankesteriana

English

The new species Stellilabium smaragdinum is described and illustrated from the montane oak forests of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Among the species of Sect. Taeniorhachis, S. smaragdinum may be recognized for the inflorescence bearing 1-3 (4) simultaneous flowers, the oblong to ovoid, rounded basal lobules of the lip, the non-ciliate margins of the lip midlobe and the peculiar colour of the column setae, cream banded with purple.Se describe e ilustra Stellilabium smaragdinum de los bosques montanos de encino de la Cordillera de Talamanca. S. smaragdinum se distingue de otras especies de la sección Taeniorhachis por su inflorescencia con 1 a 3 (4) flores simultáneas, los lóbulos basales del labelo oblongos a ovoides y redondeados en el ápice y la peculiar coloración de la setas en los lóbulos laterales de la columna, marfil con bandas púrpura.Organization for Tropical Studies/[]/OTS/Estados UnidosAndrew W. Mellon Foundation/[]//Estados UnidosUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Jardín Botánico Lankester (JBL

Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Costa Rica

Mesoamerican species of the genus S t e l l i l a b i u mSchltr. (Orchidaceae) are not easy plants to spot in thefield. In many cases they lack leaves and also whenthe leaves are present they are usually very small,rarely reaching 3 cm in lenght, so one needs to relyon inflorescences to distinguish them among the richepiphytic vegetation of Neotropical forests. It is likelythis is the main reason why two thirds ofMesoamerican species of the genus were onlydescribed in the last twelve years (Atwood 1989;Salazar-Chávez & Hágsater 1991, Atwood &Dressler 1995, Dressler 1999, 2001), thanks to thehelp of resident botanists carrying out systematiccollections and studies intended for large floristicprojects. Generic circumscription of S t e l l i l a b i u m w a srevised by Braas & Lückel (1982b), Garay &Romero-González (1998) and Dressler (1999).S t e l l i l a b i u m in the strict sense, characterized byflowers with simple column, is a group eminentlyAndean in distribution, perhaps closely allied toT r i c h o c e r o s Kunth and T e l i p o g o n Kunth, whichincludes C o r d a n t h e r a L.O. Williams, D a r w i n i e l l aBraas & Lückel, and Sodiroella ecuadorensis Schltr.A formal reinstatement of D i p t e r o s t e l e Schltr. wasproposed by Braas & Lückel (1982a, 1982b) toinclude those species presenting narrowly triangular-acuminate lip and bristles of the column short. Garay& Romero-González (1998) adopted a much widercircumscription of the genus Dipterostele Schltr. andformally assigned to it all the S t e l l i l a b i u m s p e c i e swith distinct lateral lobes on the column and acucullate clinandrium. Dressler (1999) interpretedStellilabium in a broad sense, including DipterosteleSchltr., and identified four distinctive groups withinthe genus giving them sectional status. SectionStellilabium and Sect. Dipterostele (Schltr.) Dressler,both with persistent leaves, mainly terete or triangularrhachis, and margins of floral bracts not decurrent onrhachis, are exclusively South American. Species ofLANKESTERIANA 5: 27-30. 2002.A NEW SPECIES OF STELLILABIUM SECTION TAENIORHACHIS(ORCHIDACEAE) FROM COSTA RICAFRANCO PUPULIN1 and MARIO A. BLANCO21 Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa RicaP.O. Box 1031-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica, A.C. - fpupulin@cariari.ucr.ac.crResearch Associate, Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Sarasota, USA2 Instituto Centroamericano de Investigación Biológica y ConservaciónP.O. Box 2398-250, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa RicaResearch Associate, Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa RicaPresent mailing address: University of Florida, Department of Botany, 220 Bartram HallP.O. Box 118526 Gainesville, Florida 32611-8526, U.S.A.  mblanco@flmnh.ufl.eduABSTRACT. The new species Stellilabium smaragdinum is described and illustrated from the montane oakforests of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Among the species of Sect. T a e n i o r h a c h i s, S .smaragdinum may be recognized for the inflorescence bearing 1-3 (4) simultaneous flowers, the oblongto ovoid, rounded basal lobules of the lip, the non-ciliate margins of the lip midlobe and the peculiarcolour of the column setae, cream banded with purple.KE Y W O R D S / P A L A B R A S C L A V E: Stellilabium smaragdinum , Stellilabium s e c t . T a e n i o r h a c h i s,Orchidaceae, Costa Rica. RE S U M E N. Se describe e ilustra Stellilabium smaragdinum de los bosques montanos de encino de laCordillera de Talamanca. S. smaragdinum se distingue de otras especies de la sección Taeniorhachis porsu inflorescencia con 1 a 3 (4) flores simultáneas, los lóbulos basales del labelo oblongos a ovoides yredondeados en el ápice y la peculiar coloración de la setas en los lóbulos laterales de la columna, marfilcon bandas púrpura.S t e l l i l a b i u m from Mesoamerica, on the contrary,present ephemeral leaves and margins of floral bractsdecurrent on the rhachis, so that the flowers are borneon face rather than on the edges of the flattenedrhachis. Although their relationships are yet unclear,among species from Central America two maingroups may be distinguished. In SectionT a e n i o r h a c h i s Dressler the column is 3-lobed, andthe fleshy stigma is adnate to the base of the lip,whereas species of Sect. R a m p h o s t e l e Dressler havesimple column and a porrect stigma free from the lip.With the notable exception of S. lankesteri A m e s ,flowers of the latter section are completely glabrous(Dressler 1999).Samples of DNA sequences for the genus are stillscanty, but they support distinction between sectionsS t e l l i l a b i u m, D i p t e r o s t e l e and T a e n i o r h a c h i s ( c o m .by N.H. Williams, in Dressler 2001), though thethree groups may eventually prove to be subgroupsof T e l i p o g o n. It should be noted that if S t e l l i l a b i u mSect. T a e n i o r h a c h i s is ever elevated to the genericrank it would have to be renamed, since that name isalready occupied by one species in Poaceae (Cope1 9 9 3 ) .A species pertaining to S t e l l i l a b i u m s e c t i o nT a e n i o r h a c h i s from the Talamanca range in CentralCosta Rica is here described as new to science:Stellilabium smaragdinum Pupulin & M.A. Blanco,sp. nov. FIG. 1.TYPE. COSTA RICA. Cartago. El Guarco, La Chonta,Turbera, 09°42’00”N 83°56’20”W, 2400 m, epífitasobre Quercus sp., en ramas bajas, 17 julio 2001, M.Blanco 1965, F. Rizo-Patrón, A. Vasco & O. Vargas(holotype, USJ!, USJ-Spirit!; isotypes, CR!, SEL!).Inter species sectionis Taeniorhachidi floribus 1 vel 4simultaneis lobulis lateralibus labelli oblongis velovoideis, rotundatis, marginibus lobi intermedi labelliintegris, setis columnae eburneis purpureo striatisdignoscenda. P l a n t epiphytic, small, nearly acaulescent, theabbreviated stem about 5 mm long. R o o t s t h i c k ,flexuous, rounded in section, ca. 1 mm wide. Leaves3-4, distichous, narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, acute,minutely apiculate, 15-18 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, thebase enclosing the subterete stem, sometimes absentat flowering. Inflorescence a primarily simple raceme10-33 cm long, producing secondary branches insuccession from the lower bracts of the previous axis;p e d u n c l e terete, 5-9 cm long, with 3-4 triangular,acute bracts about 4 mm long; rhachis flattened, 1-1.3mm wide, successively many-flowered (to 27), with1-3 (4) flowers simultaneously opened; floral bractstriangular, acute, from the margin of the flattenedrhachis, 2 mm long, 1.2 mm wide. O v a r y l i n e a r -subclavate, 3.6-4.6 mm long including the pedicel.Flowers small, with olive-green sepals and petals, thelip and column emerald green, the dendroid hairs ofthe column cream, banded purple. Dorsal sepalwidely elliptic, obtuse, with a rounded apicule, 2.9mm long, 2.4 mm wide. Lateral sepals o b l i q u e l ywidely elliptic-suborbicular, rounded, provided with arounded apicule, the apical margins somewhatinvolute in natural position, 2.7 mm long, 2.4 mmwide. P e t a l s narrowly elliptic, slightly falcate,subobtuse, apiculate, the margins ciliate, 3.7 mmlong, 1.7 mm wide. L i p sagittate, 3.4 mm long, 2.3mm wide, covered with sparse, stiff hairs, the basallobules oblong to ovoid, rounded, flattened, themedian lobe ligulate, velutine, with a prominent,acute apicule, the margins minutely ciliate. C o l u m n3-lobed, the lateral lobes elliptic, flattened, 1.5 mmlong, 1 mm wide, the dorsal margins covered withdendroid-stellate setae ca. 0.6 mm long,  the medianlobe helmet-shaped, rounded, 0.8 mm long, 0.7 mmwide, covered with simple setae 0.2-0.3 mm long;stigma globose, rounded. Anther cap c u c u l l a t e ,deeply cordate, 2-celled. P o l l i n i a 4 in two pairs ofdifferent size, obovate, laterally complanate-concave,on a narrow, ligulate stipe; viscidium uncinate. Fruitan elliptic-globose capsule, 4 mm long.ET I M O L O G Y: From the Latin s m a r a g d i n u s, emerald-green, in reference to the bright green color of lip andcolumn.EC O L O G Y: Epiphytic on shady, lower branchletsamidst a dense cover of mosses and other epiphytesin wet montane oak forest at 2400 m altitude. Moreplants possibly grew higher up the tree, where theywould be virtually impossible to detect from theground. Figure 1. Stellilabium smaragdinum Pupulin & M.A. Blanco. A, B – Habit. C – Plant. D – Flower. E – Dissectedperianth. F – Column and lip, lateral  view. G – Setae of lateral lobes of column. H – Setae of midlobe of colum. L -Anther cap and pollinarium.LANKESTERIANA28 Nº 5PUPULIN and BLANCO - A new Stellilabium 29Setiembre 2002LITERATURE CITEDAtwood, J.T. 1989. Orchids of Costa Rica, part 1. Icon. Pl. Trop. 14: pl. 1392-1395.Atwood, J.T. & R.L. Dressler. 1995. Another new species of Stellilabium from Monteverde, Costa Rica. Selbyana 16:239-241.Braas, L.A. & E. Lückel. 1982a. D a r w i n i e l l a, eine neue Gattung der Subtribus Telipogoninae Schltr. Orchidee(Hamburg) 33: 167-170._____. 1982b. Die Gattungen mit Bestimmungsschlüssel der T e l i p o g o n-Verwandtschaft (Subtribus TelipogoninaeSchltr.): T e l i p o g o n H.B.K., T r i c h o c e r o s H.B.K., S t e l l i l a b i u m Schltr, D i p t e r o s t e l e Schltr., D a r w i n i e l l a Braas &Lückel. Orchidee (Hamburg) 33: 170-176.Cope, T.A. 1993. Taeniorhachis: a new genus of Gramineae from Somalia. Kew Bull. 48: 403-405.Dressler, R.L. 1999. A reconsideration of Stellilabium and Dipterostele. Harvard Pap. Bot. 4: 469-473._____. 2001. Stellilabium erratum, a comedy of blunders. Lankesteriana 2: 11-13.Garay, L.A. & G.A. Romero-González. 1998. Schedulae Orchidum. Harvard Pap. Bot. 3: 53-62.Salazar Chávez, G.A. & E. Hágsater. 1991. Stellilabium standleyi, único representante mexicano de la subtribuTelipogoninae (Orchidaceae). Orquídea (Méx.) 12: 231-236.Among the species of S t e l l i l a b i u m S e c t .T a e n i o r h a c h i s, S. smaragdinum may be recognizedfor the inflorescence bearing 1-3 (4) simultaneousflowers, the elliptic, rounded lateral lobes of lip, thenon-ciliate margins of the lip midlobe and thepeculiar colour of the column setae, cream bandedwith purple. Stellilabium smaragdinum is closelyrelated to other species of Sect. T a e n i o r h a c h i spresenting dendroid-stellate bristles on the laterallobes of column and simple setae on the midlobe(which sometimes is only glandular-papillose), i.e. S.butcheri Dressler, S. erratum Dressler, S. helleri L.O.Williams, and S. minutiflorum (Kraenzl.) Garay.However, plants of the latter species are muchsmaller (the type, Endrés s.n., W-R 2006!, 2007!,2011!) and the flower presents a smaller lip withshort, narrowly triangular basal lobes (illustration oftype, W!. See discussion on S. minutiflorum i nDressler 1999: 471).  Stellilabium helleri has a fringeof hairs in front of the column that are absent in S .s m a r a g d i n u m, and the column midlobe is obscurelymuricate. Stellilabium erratum has dark wine-purpleflowers with comparatively narrower petals and amarkedly hastate lip. The Panamanian S. butcheripresents a convex lip with papillose-hispid marginsand narrow basal lobules.AC K N O W L E D G M E N T S: The type was collected during thefield course “Sistemática de Plantas Tropicales” (OET 01-18), under the auspices of the Organization for TropicalStudies, funded in part by the Andrew W. MellonFoundation.LANKESTERIANA30 Nº 5

A new species of Stellilabium section Taeniorhachis (Orchidaceae) from Costa Rica

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A new species of Stellilabium section Taeniorhachis (Orchidaceae) from Costa Rica

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