Pengaruh Asap Rokok terhadap Histopatologi Koklea: Studi pada Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus)

Abstract

The effect of cigarette smoke on histopathology of cochleaBackground: Clinical studies have suggested that cigarette smoking associate with hearing loss. Smoke exposure is a risk factor to endothelial disfunction and developing atherosclerosis. Cochlea is a auditory organ that is sensitive to hipoxia condition. Objective this study was to determine the effect of cigarette smoke exposure to histological cochlear integrity.Methods: This was post test only design experimental study, using twenty male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into 2 groups. The control group (10 rats) was kept in room free from cigarette smoke, while the experimental group (10 rats) was exposed to tobacco smoke, two cigarette per 1 hour exposure, twice a day, every work day, for 6 months from July 2004-February 2005. The cochlea rats were examined in Patologi Anatomi Laboratory Gadjah Mada University for histopathological examination.Results: There was 1 rat died in each group, and 18 rats (9 control group and 9 experimental group) were still alive. Based on histopathological result, there were abnormality in 7 rats (77.7%) of experimental group while all of control group were normal. This difference is significant statistically with Relatif Risk (RR) was 3.5 (95% CI: 0.66-34.53). The histopathological abnormality were of congestion of capilare, vacuolar degeneration, foam cell and necrosis of hair cells.Conclusion: Tobacco smoke causes histopatological abnormality in cochlear integrity. The relatif risk (RR) of histopathological abnormality on experimental group was 3.5