We review recent research in robotics and neuroscience with the aim of highlighting some points of agreement and convergence. Specifically, we compare Brooks’ [9] subsumption architecture for robot control with a part of the neuroscience literature that can be interpreted as demonstrating hierarchical control systems in animal brains. We focus first on work that follows the tradition of Hughlings Jackson [23] who, in neuroscience and neuropsychology, is particularly associated with the notion of layered competence. From this perspective we further argue that recent work on the defense system of the rat can be interpreted by analogy to Brooks’ subsumption architecture. An important focus is the role of multiple learning systems in the brain, and of hierarchical learning mechanisms in the rat defense system
