Sciaphila perstructana Walker has been known only from the female holotype, and Pammelle signifera (Heinrich) only from males. Based on associated males and females from the Great Lakes area. the two names apply to one species. The resulting synonymy leads to a new combination. Pammene perstructana, and finally associates a species with this long-battling specitlc name

Miller, William E

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Valparaiso University

The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 18 Number 4 - Winter 1985 Number 4 - Winter 1985 Article 4 December 1985 Pammene Perstructana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Identified After More Than a Century William E. Miller University of Minnesota Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle  Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Miller, William E. 1985. "Pammene Perstructana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Identified After More Than a Century," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 18 (4) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol18/iss4/4 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at scholar@valpo.edu. 1985 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 145 P.HHIESE PERSTRUCTANA (WALKER) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IDE~TIFIED AFTER MORE THAN A CENTURY William E. Miller' ABSTRACT Sciaphifa persIruCIan{l Walker has been known only from the female holotype, and Pammelle slfmifera (Heinrich) only from males. Based on associated males and females from the Great'Lakes area. the two names apply to one species. The resulting synonymy leads to a new combination. Pammene perstructana, and finally associates a species with this long-battling specitlc name. Sciaplrila perSIructana Walker is among myriads of British Museum (Natural History) insects laconically described by Francis Walker in the mid-19th century (Anon. 1874). It i~ also among 37 Walker names in Nearctic Olethreutinae (Powell 1983). Identities of many species represented by these names have been uncertain because Walker often \\ <Irked from single specimens. The Walker Nearclic olethreutine names have been resolved slowly. One reason is that Heinrich (1923. 1926), the first reviser to use genitalic characters, did not examine Walker synrypes. He relied instead on identifications made by Walsingham and C. H. Fernald, both of whom predated taxonomic use of genitalia. Use of nongenital characters led to many synonymical errors. Moreover, the Walker syntypes remained undissected until they were prepared by N. S. Obraztsov after World War II. Obraztsov also selected many Iectotypes. but Sciaphila pcrstructana, like many Walker species, was represented only b~ a holotype. Photos of these types and their genitalia were deposited by Obraztsov in the American ~luseum of Natural History, New York (Diakonoff 1966). These have helped speed correction of errors, which has now progressed practically as far as specimen condition and present taxonomic methods permit. SciaphUa persIruCiana has continued to be an enigma, however. It has bcen hesitantly referred to \'arious genera (McDunnough 1959), most recently to Cyciia (Powell 1983). The ho!otype i<. female. and males are often necessary for generic placement. Also. having been known only from the holotype, Sciaphila perstructana appeared to be an unusually rare moth. After assembling more than 20 specimens of a Pammene occurring in the Great Lakes area I Figs. 1. 31. I found that males matched the male holotype of P. signiiera IHeinri~hl. The female of this species was hitherto unknown. That the female was the long-baftling Sciaphila per51rI1CfanU became clear when I compared genitalia of Pall/melle sif!II(t'era females with tho~e ot the Sciaphila perstructana holotype female (Fig. 2). The ne\\ findings are summarized below. P.llnmelle persIruCfalla (\Valkerl. New Combination 1-3 ) Sciaphila persIruCf<lIlU Walker, 1863: 3-D I Iholotype: female. SL Martin'5 Falls, Albany RiYer. Hudson Bay. no date. Bamston. geniI. prep. 5319. forewing length 6.0 mm, in British ~luseum I:\atural Histo~l. genitalia shown here in 2). 'Depanmem of Entomology. C nl\ ersilY of '\!innesola. 51. Paul. M:-.! 55108. 1Miller: <i>Pammene Perstructana</i> (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) IPublished by ValpoScholar, 1985146 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 18, No.4 Figs. 1-3. Pammene persrructana: (1) wings of an example from Lake Katherine, Oneida Co., Wisconsin; (2) genitalia of holotype female; (3) genitalia of a male from Cass Lake, Cass Co.Minnesota. Hemimene signifera Heinrich (1926: 22) (holotype: male, Lake of Bays, Ontario, I-VII-20, McDunnough, forewing length 5.5 mm, in Canadian National Collection, genitalia illustrated by Heinrich 1926: Fig. 290). New Synonymy. Pammene signifera; Powell (1983: 37). I examined both of the above holotypes and the Obraztsov photos of P. perstructana. Nontype voucher specimens are in the University of Minnesota, St. Paul; Michigan State University Entomology Museum, East Lansing; University of Wisconsin Insectarium, Madison; University of California, Berkeley; and the Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana. There are five Nearctic of Pammene (Powell 1983), and no larval hosts are known. The Palaearctic number nearly 60 (Danilevsky and Kuznetsov 1968). Their larvae feed in tied leaves, flowers, fruits, galls, and related tissues ofQuercus, Salix, AceI', Fagus, and other perennials (Swatchek 1958). Larvae of the Palaearctic Pammene clanculana (Tengstrom), a species which closely resembles P. perstructana, feed in seed-bearing catkins of Betula (Benander 1950). Should the latter two prove conspecii1c, the name P. perstructana would take precedence because of priority. ACKNOWLEDGMENT I thank curators of the above institutions for specimen loans and other help. Figure 2 is reproduced through the courtesy of the American Museum of Natural History. LITERATURE CITED Anonymous. 1874. Francis Walker (Obituary). Entomol. Mo. Mag. 11:140-141. Benander, P. 1950. Andra Familjegruppen, Vecklarfjarilar. Tortricina, Part 10, No. 39, Svensk Insektfauna. Entomologiska Foreningen, Stockholm. 173 pp. 2The Great Lakes Entomologist, Vol. 18, No. 4 [1985], Art. 4https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol18/iss4/41985 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 147 Danilevsky. A. C. and V. I. Kuznetso . 1968. Leafroller family Tortricidae, fruit moth tribe Laspeyresiini. Fauna USSR. lepidopterous insects, vol. 5, part I. Leningrad. 635 pp. (in Russian) Diakonoff. A. 1966. Nicholas Sergeevich Obraztsov. 1906-1966. J. Lepidop. Soc. 20:255-265. Heinrich. C. 1923. Revision of the North American moths of the subfamily Eucosminae of the family Olethreutidae. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 123. 298 pp. 1926. Re\'ision of the North American moths of the subfamilies Laspeyresiinae and Oiethreutinae. U.S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 132.216 pp. McDunnough.1. H  1959. On some changes i  nomenclature of micro lepidoptera, with description of a new species. Amer. Mus. Novit. 1954. 9 pp. PowelL 1. A. 1983. Tortricidae. pp. 3141 in R. W. Hodges (ed.). Check list of the Lepidoptera of America north of Mexico. E. W. Classey Ltd. and the Wedge Ento­mological Research Foundation, London. 284 pp. Swatchek, B. 1958. Die Larvalsystematik der Wickler. Abh. Larvalsyst. Insekt. 3. A.kademie-Verlag, Berlin. 269 pp. Walker, F. 1863. Tortricites and Tineites. pp. 287-561 in List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British ~1useum. Part 28. British Museum, London. 3Miller: <i>Pammene Perstructana</i> (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) IPublished by ValpoScholar, 1985

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\u3ci\u3ePammene Perstructana\u3c/i\u3e (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Identified After More Than a Century

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