Flower records are listed for 33 species of anthophilous Cerambycidae based on a six-year study in an 80-ha woodland in southwestern Michigan. Included is the first published flower record for Gaurotes thoradca, taken from Cornus racemosa

Gosling, D. C. L.

English

Valparaiso University

The Great Lakes Entomologist Volume 17 Number 2 - Summer 1984 Number 2 - Summer 1984 Article 5 June 1984 Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a Southwestern Michigan Woodland (Coleoptera) D. C. L. Gosling Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle  Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Gosling, D. C. L. 1984. "Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a Southwestern Michigan Woodland (Coleoptera)," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 17 (2) Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol17/iss2/5 This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at scholar@valpo.edu. 1984 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 79 FLOWER RECORDS FOR ANTHOPHILOUS CERAMBYCIDAE IN A SOUTHWESTERN MICHIGAN WOODLAND (COLEOPTERA)  D. c. L. Gosling I ABSTRACT Flower records are listed for 33 species of anthophilous Cerambycidae based on a six-year study in an 80-ha woodland in southwestern Michigan. Included is the first published flower record for Gaur tes thoradca, taken from Cornus racemosa. The cerambycid community in a southwestern Michigan woodland was studied from 1976 through 1981 as the first stage in a long-tcrm investigation of the ecology of Michigan Cerambycidae. Through field collcctions and observations, flower records were obtained for 33 species of anthophilous Ccrambycidae. STUDY AREA The study area is n 80-ha site located at the west end of Tamarack Lake in St. Joseph County, sclccted as typical of woodland ecosystems in southwestern Michigan. Almost two-thirds of the area is dry-mesic forest dominated by oak and hickory, with some reforestation plantings of pines. The rest of the site supports wet-mesic stands dominated by maple and ash, with birch, oak, and larch. (Detailed information on the study area, with descriptions of the major stands and an annotated list of 120 pecies of woody plants found there, was presented by Gosling [1981 D. All the stands are second-growths and some of the regeneration is recent. About 6 ha were old fields occupied by shrub and herbaceous plant communities as late a  the \950'5, and nearly 20 ha were severely disturbed in 1963-1964 by selective logging. Because of the recent and, to a limited extent, continuing disturbances, as well as the maintenance of rl""n'ncr~ and access roads and the presence of two bogs, there are numerous and varied sites available for establishment of flowering shrubs and herbs favored by cerambycids. This. combined with availability of a wide selection of larval host plants, made it possible to compile a substantial list of flower records for the anthophilous species. The following list gives flower records for each and the adult activity period in the area. CERAMBYCIDAE AND FLOWER RECORDS Analeptura lineola (Say). Late May to mid-July. Ceanothus american us L., Comus racemosa Lam., Daucus carota L., Rhus glabra L., S lix interior Rowlee, and Viburnum acerifolium L. Anastrangalia sanquinea (LeCont ). Early June. Comus racemosa. Batyle suturalis suturalis (Say). Early to mid-July. Ceanothus americanus, Chrysanthe­mum leucanthemum L. and Rudbeckia hirta L. Brachyleptura champlaini Casey. Mid-June to mid-July. Achillea millefolium L., 169063 Wallowa Road, White Pigeon, MI 49099. 1Gosling: Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a Southwestern MiPublished by ValpoScholar, 198480 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 17, No.2 Ceanothus americanus, Comus racemosa, Euonymus fortunei var. radicans (Miq,) Rehd., and Rhus glabra. Brachyleptura rubrica (Say). Mid-June to mid-July. Ceanothus american us. Cephalan­thus occidelllalis L., Comus racemosa, Euonymusfortunei var. radica s. Heracleum maximum Bartr., Rhus glabra, Rosa spp., Salix illlerior, Spiraea alba DuRoi, and Viburnum acerifo/iwn. Callimoxys sanguinicollis sanguinicollis (Olivier). Late May. Comus altemifolia L.f. Charisalia americana (Haldema ). Mid-June. Comus racemosa. Cyrtopho/'lls verrucosus (Olivier). Late April to early July. Amelallchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern., Comus alternifolia. C. racemosa. Daucus carota, !:Jpiraea x vanhouttei Zab., Viburnum acerifolium, and Viburnum lentago L. Encyclops caerulea (Say). Late May through June. Comus alternifolia and C. racemOS{I, Euderces picipes picipes (Fabricius). Mid-June to late July. Ceanothus americanus. Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Comus racemosa, Erigeron philadelphicus L., Rhus glabra, Rudbeckia hirta, Salix illlerior, and Viburnum acerifoliulll. Gaurotes cyanipennis (Say). May to mid-July. Ceanothus american us. Comus altemifo­lia. C. racemosa, Liriodendron tulipifera L., Rhus giabra, Rhus typhina L., and Rosa palusfris Marsh. Gaurotes thoracica (Haldeman). June. Comus racemosa. Grammoptera haematites (Newman). Late May to early July. Ceanothus americanus, Comus altemifolia. C. racemosa, Comus stolollifera Michx., Rhus glabra, Rosa sp., and Rubus occidentalis L. Leptura plebeja Randall. Late June and early July. Ceanothus americanus and Comus racemosa. Megacyllene robiniae (Forster). Late August through September. Solidago canadensis L. Molorchus bimaculatus i culatus Say. May to mid-June. Amelanchier arborea, Aronia prunifolia (Marsh.) Rehd., Comus altemifolia, C. racemosa. C. stolonifera, Spiraea x vanhouttei, and Viburnum acerifolium. Neoalostema capitata (Newman). Late May through mid-June. Liriodendron tulipifera. Pseudostrangalia cruentata (Haldeman). Mid-June. Comus racemosa. Rhopalophora longipes longipes (Say). Mid-June to early July. Ceanothus americanus and Liriodendron tulipifera. Strangalepta abbreviata (Germar). Early June to mid-July. Ceanothus americanus, Comus racemosa, Erigeron philadelphicus, Rhus glabra, Rosa spp., Salix interior, and Viburnum acerifolium. Strangalepta pubera (Say). Late May to early July. Ceanothus americanus, Comus alternifolia, C. racemosa, and Spiraea xvanhouttei. Strangalia acuminata (Olivier). Early July. Ceanothus americanus. Strangalia bicolor (Swederus). Mid-June to mid-July. Ceanothus american us. Comus racemosa, and Rosa spp. Strangalia famelica solitaria Haldeman. Late June to early August. Ceanothus amer/ca­nus, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Daucus carota, Erigeron philadelphicus, Heracleum maximum, Rhus glabra, Rosa spp., Rudbeckia hirta, Salix interior. and Spiraea alba. Strangalia luteicorn!s (Fabricius). Late June through July. Ceanothus americanus. Cephalanthus ocddentalis, Daucus carota, Heraclcum maximum. Rhus g/abra, Rosa spp., and Spiraea alba. Strophiona nitens (Forster). Mid-June to early July. Ceanothus americanus. Trachysida mutabitis (Newman). Late May through mid-June. Cornus racemosa. Trigonarthris minnesotana (Casey). Late June and early July. Ceanothus americanus, Comus racemosa, and Rhus glabra. Trigonarthris proxima (Say). Mid-June. Comus racemosa. Typocerus acuticauda acuticauda Casey. Mid-July. Rosa palustris. Typocerus deceptus Knull. July. Ceanothus americanus, Cepha/anthus occidentalis, Daucus carota, and Rosa palustris. Typocerus lugubris (Say). Late June through July. Ceanothus americanus, Daucus carota, Rhus glabra, and Rosa spp. 2The Great Lakes Entomologist, Vol. 17, No. 2 [1984], Art. 5https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol17/iss2/5-------.----~----------THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 1984 81 Typocerus velutinus velulinus (Olivier). Mid-June to early August. Ceanothus america­nus, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Daucus carota, Eupatorium pelfoliatum L., Eu­phorbia corollata L., Heracleum maximum, Monarda fistulosa L., Rhus glabra, Rosa spp., SaiLt interior, Spiraea alba, Spiraea fomentosa L., and Verbascum rhapsus L. DISCUSSION The cerambycids in this list are from the Lepturinae and a few tribesof Cerambycinae; no other subfamilies are represented. The three species of Tetraopes found in the study area do oceasionally appear on the flowers of their host plants, Asclepias syriaca L. and Asclepias ruberosa L., but they consume the entire blossom and have been excluded here as not strietly anthophilous. A single speeimen of Oberea rripuncrara (Swederus) was collected from a blossom of Comus racemosa, but was also excluded as it was not established as feeding there. One of the fu ctions of pollen-feeding often suggested for these cerambycids is to meet nutritional requirements for reproductive maturation. For example, Dusham (1921) observed adults of Megacyllene caryae (Gahan) feeding on pollen from flowers of Crataegus sp., and found that it was necessary to provide these flowers to obtain successful breeding by captive adults. Deprived of Crataegus pollen the beetles copulated but no oviposition occurred and they died in 3-4 days. Crataegus spp. occur but rarely blossom in the study area. Although MegacyUene caryae is common in the area, it was never observed feeding on these or other flowers. It is possible, of course, that adults could feed on pollen from flowers of the taller trees and remain unobserved. As a test of the importance of pollen-feeding to this species, five pairs of freshly emerged adults were transferred to a screened enclosure and provided with bolts of their host plant. Carya glabra (Miller) Sweet. The bolts had been cuI a few days before and placed immediately in the breeding cage. The beetles died in 5-7 days but did oviposit, and a subsequent brood of borers was reared from thl? bolts. It would seem that pollen is not essential for reproductive maturation by Megacyllene caryae, although it is quite possible that pollen-feeding enhances fecundity and may promote longevity as well. The function of this behavior in other anthophilous species awaits further investigation. The most unusual observation was that of BrachylepIUra rubrica and Brachyleptura champlaini feeding on pollen from Euonymus fortunei var. radicans. These were the only cerambycids ever found on these flowers, and they displayed an extraordinary, in­toxicated behavior, presumably induced by something ingested from the blossoms. The beetles were incapable of flight or coordinated movement; if placed on their backs they could only quiver their legs helplessly. A few males appeared unaffected, but they were copulating with females and probably had been thus occupied since their arrival at the flowers. All females and single males were immobilized. Other insccts frequenting the same flowers, cantharids and numerous Hymenoptera and Diptera, seemed quite un­affected. Adults of both species of cerambycid were removed and kept under observation in an enclosure. It was not until the following day that they recovered normal coordination and were able to crawl and fly. The nature of the intoxicating agent is unknown, but its function provides an opportunity for speculation. There would seem to be no adaptive value in immobilizing a potential pollinator, so presumably this is an incidental side-effect of a selective attraction mechanism to which these cerambycids have responded atypically. It is interesting to note that only these two congeneric species have shown this probably nonadaptive behavior, and that the flower species involved is an introduced ornamental one. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Dr. John A. Witter, School of Natural Resources, The University of Michigan, and Dr. Irving J. Cantrall, Museum of Zoology, The University of 3Gosling: Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a Southwestern MiPublished by ValpoScholar, 198482 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 17, No.2 Michigan, for their helpful criticism and creative suggestions throughout this study. I deeply appreciate the help and encouragement I have received from Nancy Wells-Gosling in all phases of the investigation. Permission to use the woodland at Tamarack Lake w s generously granted by Dr. Eleanor M. Gillespie, Dr. John J Petruska, and Gilbert R. LeRoque, to whom I am most grateful. LITERATURE CITED Dusham, E. H. 1921. The painted hickory borer. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 407: 173-203. Gosling, 	D. C. L. 1981. Ecology of the Cerambycidae in a southwestern Michigan woodland. Ph.D. dissert. Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor. 4The Great Lakes Entomologist, Vol. 17, No. 2 [1984], Art. 5https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol17/iss2/5

Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a Southwestern Michigan Woodland (Coleoptera)

ValpoScholar

The Great Lakes Entomologist 
Volume 17 
Number 2 - Summer 1984 Number 2 - Summer 
1984 
Article 5 
June 1984 
Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a 
Southwestern Michigan Woodland (Coleoptera) 
D. C. L. Gosling 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle 
 Part of the Entomology Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Gosling, D. C. L. 1984. "Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a Southwestern Michigan 
Woodland (Coleoptera)," The Great Lakes Entomologist, vol 17 (2) 
Available at: https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol17/iss2/5 
This Peer-Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at ValpoScholar. 
It has been accepted for inclusion in The Great Lakes Entomologist by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. 
For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at scholar@valpo.edu. 
1984 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 79 
FLOWER RECORDS FOR ANTHOPHILOUS CERAMBYCIDAE 

IN 
A SOUTHWESTERN MICHIGAN WOODLAND (COLEOPTERA) 
 D. c. L. Gosling I 
ABSTRACT 
Flower records are listed for 33 species of anthophilous Cerambycidae based on a 
six-year study in an 80-ha woodland in southwestern Michigan. Included is the first 
published flower record for Gaur tes thoradca, taken from Cornus racemosa. 
The cerambycid community in a southwestern Michigan woodland was studied from 
1976 through 1981 as the first stage in a long-tcrm investigation of the ecology of 
Michigan Cerambycidae. Through field collcctions and observations, flower records were 
obtained for 33 species of anthophilous Ccrambycidae. 
STUDY AREA 
The study area is n 80-ha site located at the west end of Tamarack Lake in St. Joseph 
County, sclccted as typical of woodland ecosystems in southwestern Michigan. Almost 
two-thirds of the area is dry-mesic forest dominated by oak and hickory, with some 
reforestation plantings of pines. The rest of the site supports wet-mesic stands dominated 
by 
maple and ash, with birch, oak, and larch. (Detailed information on the study area, 
with descriptions 
of the major stands and an annotated list of 120 pecies of woody plants 
found there, was presented by Gosling [1981 D. 
All the stands are second-growths and some of the regeneration is recent. About 6 ha 
were old fields occupied by shrub and herbaceous plant communities as late a  the \950'5, 
and nearly 20 ha were severely disturbed in 1963-1964 by selective logging. Because of 
the recent and, to a limited extent, continuing disturbances, as well as the maintenance of 
rl""n'ncr~ 
and access roads and the presence 
of two bogs, there are numerous and varied 
sites available for establishment of flowering shrubs and herbs favored by cerambycids. 
This. combined with availability of a wide selection of larval host plants, made it possible 
to 
compile a substantial list 
of flower records for the anthophilous species. 
The following list gives flower records for each and the adult activity period in 
the area. 
CERAMBYCIDAE AND FLOWER RECORDS 
Analeptura lineola (Say). Late May to mid-July. Ceanothus american us L., Comus 
racemosa Lam., Daucus carota L., Rhus glabra L., S lix interior Rowlee, and 
Viburnum acerifolium L. 
Anastrangalia sanquinea (LeCont ). Early June. Comus racemosa. 
Batyle suturalis suturalis (Say). Early to mid-July. Ceanothus americanus, Chrysanthe­
mum leucanthemum L. and Rudbeckia hirta L. 
Brachyleptura champlaini Casey. Mid-June to mid-July. Achillea millefolium L., 
169063 Wallowa Road, White Pigeon, MI 49099. 
1
Gosling: Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a Southwestern Mi
Published by ValpoScholar, 1984
80 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 17, No.2 
Ceanothus americanus, Comus racemosa, Euonymus fortunei var. radicans (Miq,) 
Rehd., and Rhus glabra. 
Brachyleptura rubrica (Say). Mid-June to mid-July. Ceanothus american us. Cephalan­
thus occidelllalis L., Comus racemosa, Euonymusfortunei var. radica s. Heracleum 
maximum Bartr., Rhus glabra, Rosa spp., Salix illlerior, Spiraea alba DuRoi, and 
Viburnum acerifo/iwn. 
Callimoxys sanguinicollis sanguinicollis (Olivier). Late May. Comus altemifolia L.f. 
Charisalia americana (Haldema ). Mid-June. Comus racemosa. 
Cyrtopho/'lls verrucosus (Olivier). Late April to early July. Amelallchier arborea 
(Michx. f.) Fern., Comus alternifolia. C. racemosa. Daucus carota, !:Jpiraea 
x vanhouttei Zab., Viburnum acerifolium, and Viburnum lentago L. 
Encyclops caerulea (Say). Late May through June. Comus alternifolia and C. racemOS{I, 
Euderces picipes picipes (Fabricius). Mid-June to late July. Ceanothus americanus. 
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Comus racemosa, Erigeron philadelphicus L., Rhus 
glabra, Rudbeckia hirta, Salix illlerior, and Viburnum acerifoliulll. 
Gaurotes cyanipennis (Say). May to mid-July. Ceanothus american us. Comus altemifo­
lia. C. racemosa, Liriodendron tulipifera L., Rhus giabra, Rhus typhina L., and Rosa 
palusfris Marsh. 
Gaurotes thoracica (Haldeman). June. Comus racemosa. 
Grammoptera haematites (Newman). Late May to early July. Ceanothus americanus, 
Comus altemifolia. C. racemosa, Comus stolollifera Michx., Rhus glabra, Rosa sp., 
and Rubus occidentalis L. 
Leptura plebeja Randall. Late June and early July. Ceanothus americanus and Comus 
racemosa. 
Megacyllene robiniae (Forster). Late August through September. Solidago canadensis L. 
Molorchus bimaculatus i culatus Say. May to mid-June. Amelanchier arborea, 
Aronia prunifolia (Marsh.) Rehd., Comus altemifolia, C. racemosa. C. stolonifera, 
Spiraea x vanhouttei, and Viburnum acerifolium. 
Neoalostema capitata (Newman). Late May through mid-June. Liriodendron tulipifera. 
Pseudostrangalia cruentata (Haldeman). Mid-June. Comus racemosa. 
Rhopalophora longipes longipes (Say). Mid-June to early July. Ceanothus americanus 
and Liriodendron tulipifera. 
Strangalepta abbreviata (Germar). Early June to mid-July. Ceanothus americanus, 
Comus racemosa, Erigeron philadelphicus, Rhus glabra, Rosa spp., Salix interior, 
and Viburnum acerifolium. 
Strangalepta pubera (Say). Late May to early July. Ceanothus americanus, Comus 
alternifolia, C. racemosa, and Spiraea xvanhouttei. 
Strangalia acuminata (Olivier). Early July. Ceanothus americanus. 
Strangalia bicolor (Swederus). Mid-June to mid-July. Ceanothus american us. Comus 
racemosa, and Rosa spp. 
Strangalia famelica solitaria Haldeman. Late June to early August. Ceanothus amer/ca­
nus, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Daucus carota, 
Erigeron philadelphicus, Heracleum maximum, Rhus glabra, Rosa spp., Rudbeckia 
hirta, Salix interior. and Spiraea alba. 
Strangalia luteicorn!s (Fabricius). Late June through July. Ceanothus americanus. 
Cephalanthus ocddentalis, Daucus carota, Heraclcum maximum. Rhus g/abra, Rosa 
spp., and Spiraea alba. 
Strophiona nitens (Forster). Mid-June to early July. Ceanothus americanus. 
Trachysida mutabitis (Newman). Late May through mid-June. Cornus racemosa. 
Trigonarthris minnesotana (Casey). Late June and early July. Ceanothus americanus, 
Comus racemosa, and Rhus glabra. 
Trigonarthris proxima (Say). Mid-June. Comus racemosa. 
Typocerus acuticauda acuticauda Casey. Mid-July. Rosa palustris. 
Typocerus deceptus Knull. July. Ceanothus americanus, Cepha/anthus occidentalis, 
Daucus carota, and Rosa palustris. 
Typocerus lugubris (Say). Late June through July. Ceanothus americanus, Daucus 
carota, Rhus glabra, and Rosa spp. 
2
The Great Lakes Entomologist, Vol. 17, No. 2 [1984], Art. 5
https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol17/iss2/5
-------.----~----------
THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST 1984 81 
Typocerus velutinus velulinus (Olivier). Mid-June to early August. Ceanothus america­
nus, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Daucus carota, Eupatorium pelfoliatum L., Eu­
phorbia corollata L., Heracleum maximum, Monarda fistulosa L., Rhus glabra, Rosa 
spp., SaiLt interior, Spiraea alba, Spiraea fomentosa L., and Verbascum rhapsus L. 
DISCUSSION 
The cerambycids in this list are from the Lepturinae and a few tribesof Cerambycinae; 
no other subfamilies are represented. The three species of Tetraopes found in the study 
area do oceasionally appear on the flowers of their host plants, Asclepias syriaca L. and 
Asclepias ruberosa L., but they consume the entire blossom and have been excluded here 
as 
not strietly anthophilous. A single speeimen 
of Oberea rripuncrara (Swederus) was 
collected from a blossom of Comus racemosa, but was also excluded as it was not 
established as feeding there. 
One of the fu ctions of pollen-feeding often suggested for these cerambycids is to meet 
nutritional requirements for reproductive maturation. For example, Dusham (1921) 
observed adults of Megacyllene caryae (Gahan) feeding on pollen from flowers of 
Crataegus sp., and found that it was necessary to provide these flowers to obtain 
successful breeding by captive adults. Deprived of Crataegus pollen the beetles copulated 
but no oviposition occurred and they died in 3-4 days. 
Crataegus spp. occur but rarely blossom in the study area. Although MegacyUene 
caryae is common in the area, it was never observed feeding on these or other flowers. It 
is 
possible, 
of course, that adults could feed on pollen from flowers of the taller trees and 
remain unobserved. 
As a test of the importance of pollen-feeding to this species, five pairs of freshly 
emerged adults were transferred to a screened enclosure and provided with bolts of their 
host plant. Carya glabra (Miller) Sweet. The bolts had been cuI a few days before and 
placed immediately in the breeding cage. The beetles died in 5-7 days but did oviposit, 
and a subsequent brood of borers was reared from thl? bolts. It would seem that pollen is 
not essential for reproductive maturation by Megacyllene caryae, although it is quite 
possible that pollen-feeding enhances fecundity and may promote longevity as well. The 
function of this behavior in other anthophilous species awaits further investigation. 
The most unusual observation was that of BrachylepIUra rubrica and Brachyleptura 
champlaini feeding on pollen from Euonymus fortunei var. radicans. These were the only 
cerambycids ever found on these flowers, and they displayed an extraordinary, in­
toxicated behavior, presumably induced by something ingested from the blossoms. The 
beetles were incapable of flight or coordinated movement; if placed on their backs they 
could only quiver their legs helplessly. A few males appeared unaffected, but they were 
copulating with females and probably had been thus occupied since their arrival at the 
flowers. All females and single males were immobilized. Other insccts frequenting the 
same flowers, cantharids and numerous Hymenoptera and Diptera, seemed quite un­
affected. Adults of both species of cerambycid were removed and kept under observation 
in 
an enclosure. 
It was not until the following day that they recovered normal coordination 
and were able to crawl and fly. 
The nature of the intoxicating agent is unknown, but its function provides an 
opportunity for speculation. There would seem to be no adaptive value in immobilizing a 
potential pollinator, so presumably this is an incidental side-effect of a selective attraction 
mechanism to which these cerambycids have responded atypically. It is interesting to note 
that only these two congeneric species have shown this probably nonadaptive behavior, 
and that the flower species involved is an introduced ornamental one. 
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 
I would like to thank Dr. John A. Witter, School of Natural Resources, The University 
of Michigan, and Dr. Irving J. Cantrall, Museum of Zoology, The University of 
3
Gosling: Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a Southwestern Mi
Published by ValpoScholar, 1984
82 THE GREAT LAKES ENTOMOLOGIST Vol. 17, No.2 
Michigan, for their helpful criticism and creative suggestions throughout this study. I 
deeply appreciate the help and encouragement I have received from Nancy Wells-Gosling 
in all phases of the investigation. Permission to use the woodland at Tamarack Lake w s 
generously granted by Dr. Eleanor M. Gillespie, Dr. John J Petruska, and Gilbert R. 
LeRoque, to whom I am most grateful. 
LITERATURE CITED 
Dusham, E. H. 1921. The painted hickory borer. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 
407: 173-203. 
Gosling, 	D. C. L. 1981. Ecology of the Cerambycidae in a southwestern Michigan 
woodland. Ph.D. dissert. Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor. 
4
The Great Lakes Entomologist, Vol. 17, No. 2 [1984], Art. 5
https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol17/iss2/5


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Flower Records for Anthophilous Cerambycidae in a Southwestern Michigan Woodland (Coleoptera)

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