Altantsetseg L.

Gundegmaa L.

Lkhagvasuren G.

Altantsetseg, L.

7867

Lkhagvasuren, G.

7868

Gundegmaa, L.

7869

Nippon Sport Science University

 IntroductionThe Mongols from ancient times was provided by national kinds of sports and experiencing the beauty of physical fitness, the miracle of power and skills fighters, accurate shooters, characterized from others, quick the jump horses, and on the basis of accumu­lated experiences, long­term observation are installing their signs.This tradition has become orientation in the national sports training for children and youth. If you look in ancient historical sources and in “The secret history of the Mongols’, forms duel fighters were unusual, much like modern freestyle wrestling, had rules generally to throw the opponent down with a shovel on the ground.It is interested in existing the wrestling in Mongolia for a long time. The way of wrestling which is similar to free style wrestling formed about 2000 years ago.DiscussionThe traditional ways of establishing and cognition “signs” good fighter has a positive impact in the prep­aration of the national sports roots in the memory of the Mongols, artistically reflected in folklore, fairy tales, folk tales, songs and music, and preserved to us by becoming a valuable cultural heritages.Signs of fighters bodies expressed artistic image. For example, a fighter with a big and powerful physique as a mountain, a high forehead, bass voice, slender chest inflated, graceful, wide square jaw, neck bulg­ing, protruding mound muscle wide powerfully bony, very strong, unknowing destruction, smart, majestic, solid, etc. is very specific and are concretely called.There are many good fighters have these “signs” of good Mongolian national wrestling fighter and they glorified their names in history. There are a lot of data on the athletes times with the 1800s. For example, giant champion Namjiljav become a leader in the fight holidays “Naadam” within the first 30 years of the 1800s, took first place to fight more than 10 times at the “Naadam”.Holds the honorary title, the title of “The Lion” Bat ochir had growth of about 2 meters, wide shouldered, with a thin waist, with powerful muscles, tremendous knees with raised high forehead. Even in modern times have not diminished value tradition sets the “signs” of good Mongolian national wrestlers, if you use the many signs of a good fighter in the selection, training and preparation of promising young fighters compete in the international arena to achieve the probability of success will increase dramatically.Training, exercise and teaching for Mongolian wres­tlers have a unique feature. Senior wrestlers with hon­orary titles play an important role. They teach young wrestlers techniques and skills; transfer their experi­ences, skills and techniques. They exchange their ex­periences. We must respect the old fighters and keep ?????????Bull. of Nippon Sport Sci. Univ.??44 (1)?33–35?2014??????Tradition and learning methodology basis for the formation of the Mongolian national sportL. ALTANTSETSEG, G. LKHAGVASUREN and L. GUNDEGMAANational Institute of physical culture of MongoliaAbstract: The article contains materials on the study of the century, inherited from ancestors to us the preparation of national sports connected with climatic peculiarities, historical traditions and way of life as the Mongolian peoples, which were a means of development of the fundaments of the mentally­physical health and volitional qualities of the Mongols and the bases of the formation of theories and methods of national sports Mongolia.(Received: May 9, 2014)Key words: Mongolian national sport, signs of wrestlers, archers, horses basis of its formation and methods of training34Tradition and learning methodology basis for the formation of the Mongolian national sportorder. Coaches and old young wrestlers learn how to have to contend with a strong fighter, with a fighter who has a heavy weight, rapid movement and a lot of effort. You can not be afraid of fighters who have honor, a lot of effort and great experiences. Mind, thinking and aspiration should be focused on the fight. And the Mongols have talents from the birth. Training fighters appeared when “Fighting fighters” became an independent view of physical culture and sports and celebrated [4].On the quality of training fighters were more de­pendent their success. More wrestlers came from one to another Aimag, learned from each other, or invite good wrestlers in their Aimag for changing experi­ences and organized school wrestlers. There were lot of well­known schools and trainings, including Daichin vangiyn hoshuuny wrestling school (Bulgan aimag current), a school for fighters of Sayn Noen Aimag (current Arhangai Aimag), a school for fighters Dargangyn Hoshuu of Tsetsen Khan aimag (current Sukhbaatar ­ Ulaanbaatar Aimag) had a hundred years of history.To enjoy a good reputation and to gain popularity of some princes, Noyods, head hoshuu took the initia­tive and created a school for wrestlers. For example: in 1860–1870 years in Lamyn Gegeen shavi (current Erdenetsogt soum of Bayankhongor aimag) were any good wrestlers. Here established a school for fighters and demanded to go to school lamov and ordinary people. They have been taught to fight, to do wres­tling moves, shoot a bow, as a result achieved success.Mongols able to accurately shoot a bow on gallop­ing horses and this skill strelkov differ sharply from other countries.In the early 12th century, during the time, when es­tablished the Mongol empire, existed unit organiza­tion of military structures such as tens, hundreds, thousandths, ten thousandths, and every man in the army, gained courage, stamina, endurance, perfectly mastered the art of war such as mastery sword and shield, bayonet, archery. During the wars women were as strong and had the same skills as men [5].Since the ancient time, the Mongols, the one who is good at shooting, were awarded the title of “Mergen” and “Tsetsen”. These traditions have been inherited to us from generation to generation.In 1226, The knight Esuhey conquered tribe “Sartuul”. During “Naadam”, a Mergen accurately hit the target from a distance of 335 yards or 503 meters. A stone statue was built for the Mergen. The statue was the first Mongolian script work. It was found in 1818 and has been kept in Hermitage Museum in St. Peterburg [2, 3].In the 1820th year in the archery competition at the “Naadam”, participated over 460 shooters. In 1870th years has developed and adopted a single rule archery and this had a significant impact for the development of archery in a large scale. For many generations Mongols generalize skills and abilities best apt arrows, unlike the other, whereby detail sets the “signs” sharpshooters.Mongolians have a wealth of experience, a good method on how to tie a horse, train horses with origi­nal methods, preparing for the race, increase their speed, quickness, endurance and strength [1].Tradition determine the Mongols “Signs“ of good horses / the jump horses / has an ancient history. In nomadic Mongolian aimags horses, between all other pets, provide the most important requirements for manufacturing needs, for migrations need, for adapt­ing the terrain and for the presence of water as well as hunting, to support communication between aimags. Along with this Horse meat was used for food, for mare, milk.In the 12th–13th century, war was conducted by the strength good horses. During the war condition, horses played an important role. All women, men and children rode the horses.In XYI century have been written about the special omens horses: mounts can take notice / observe / by three indicators: in appearance, viscera and secrecy.Since the ancient times, when the Mongols race horses, they trained the horse to coach accurate method for the horse racing. This technique has been used so far.Mongols perennial horses tied at 40–45 days, young horses 20–25 days. Riding and training a horse is one of the main ways of physical education. These chil­dren develop dexterity, speed of motion, strength, and patience. They give good abilities, skills, and teach children multilateral abilities of life and work if they start to ride a horse, especially race a horse from the child.Difference from the international equestrian sport is adults do not participate in the race. They give to ride to three and four year­old children on horseback, 35ALTANTSETSEG et al.followed by a 5–7 year olds already possess the ability to independently ride a runaway horse. This is a unique method of teaching the Mongolian people [2].Black dressed Janjin Purevzhav Beis, who lived at the end of the last century, had higher education of five Eastern Sciences, read a lot, studied the books of wisdom, had a deep theoretical knowledge. He had 50–60 years tied the horse on these experiments de­duced runaway horses come from “Galshir “, in 1920–1925 he created the book “From the secret in secret, hidden from a hidden, straight, faithful.” He founded his own school, which taught how to perform jumps, learn, grow horses [1, 4].ConclusionSince ancient times, the Mongols did exercises, different sports. Created the national sports school, thanks to which produce many well­known strong fighters, skilful arrows and good athletes. In the mid­dle of the 1970s, scientists and researchers have paid attention to what are the features of the best athletes. One example is the “wrestling school and its train­ing”. For the many centuries, famous wrestlers were born. This is having the wrestlers school which has special training and to become real wrestlers.Mongolian national sports, type of physical educa­tion depended on the nomadic lifestyle, geographical features, climate and weather. During that time, Mongols started to celebrate “Naadam”­”Three Manly Games” which consists of “wrestling”, “archery” and “horse racing” in the summer. They are Mongolian national sports [5].These traditions and experiences are inherited to us and used in the training of modern sport. The theory and methods of teaching national sports were in­herited to us from generation to generation.References1. Bayrmagnai N. Historical traditions and culture for tying the Mongolian horses. Ulaanbaatar: Print 1998. 115 p.2. Baldandorj D., Dondog Ch. Archery Ulaanbaatar: State Publishing, 1975. 143 p.3. C.Lkhagvasuren G. History of physical culture. Ulaanbaatar: Soyombo, 1999. 350 p.4. Lkhagvasuren G. Fundamentals of sports training. Ulaanbaatar: Admon, 2003. 658 p.5. Lkhagvasuren G, Altantsetseg L. Mongolian national sports, games. Ulaanbaatar: Admon, 2013. 416 p.????? ????L. ALTANTSETSEG????National Institute of physical culture of MongoliaE­mail?????ubtds@yahoo.com

Tradition and learning methodology basis for the formation of the Mongolian national sport

Tradition and learning methodology basis for the formation of the Mongolian national sport

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