Across two countries and two languages, this research examined the multidimensional associations of suicide behaviors (i.e., life-time attempts, life-time communication of intent to others, life-time self-harming, life-time suicide notes, and current
suicide ideation) and empirically relevant psychological risk factors (i.e., different
facets of mental pain, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and
acquired capability), controlling for depressive symptoms. For the Portuguese
sample, two underlying dimensions emerged: an ideation dimension and a behavioral
dimension, and for the Canadian sample, three dimensions emerged: an ideation
dimension and two behavioral dimensions that can be viewed as a splitting of the
Portuguese second dimension. Results highlight possible cultural differences between
the two countries and that suicide behaviors should be viewed as a multidimensional
phenomenon not as a one-dimensional continuum
