The role of elements in the treatment of eye disorders

Abstract

Background: Three main eye disorders are glaucoma, cataract and age-related macular degeneration. Glaucoma is a progressive, irreversible disease and the second cause of blindness worldwide. This disease involves abnormally high pressure of the fluid inside the eye, which, if left untreated, can result in damage to the optic nerve and vision loss. Cataract is a clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its envelope (lens capsule), results in slight to complete opacity and obstructing the passage of light. Age-related macular degeneration is associated with formation of new blood vessels and leads to vision impairment. Results: Because of the irreversible outcome of eye disease, early treatment of these diseases is very important. Therefore, many attempts are done to find the effective and early treatments (current treatments include eye drops, tablets, laser and other surgery). Surgical treatment is not a cost- and time- effective and associated with many negative side effects. Conclusion: Using elements and materials such as Cerium, inhibitors of Magnesium and Calcium and construction of nano-polymers with organic materials, such as polylactic acid, polylactic/glycolic acid, Hyaluronic acid and acrylic acid can help in treatment of abovementioned disorders. In the present study, at first glaucoma, its causes, role of genetics and then the treatment methods and mechanisms of drugs impact for the disease were reviewed and some drugs were compared with each other