Vaith, Kart

English

Aquatic Commons

11000 Friends of Florida
Presentation on May 12, 2005
Presenter: Kart Vaith/CDM
vaithk@cdm.com
Wastewater Treatment can be really
simple and it is in all our control
“Quit Producing it (and we’ll find ways to quit
treating and getting rid of it )”
QUOTE AT MANY WASTEWATER OPERATOR
TRAINING SCHOOLS
2Wastewater treatment plant effluent has only
two places to go: surface water and/or
groundwater
 What we do with the treated wastewater
defines what’s needed for treatment
 Groundwater Discharges:
–Land Application (slow rate)
– Reuse, etc.
–Land Application (high rate)
– Rapid infiltration basins
– Exfiltration trenches, etc.
– Injection
 Surface Water Discharges
–Wetlands Treatment Systems
– Into surface water bodies
 Biosolids Treatment requirements are defined
similarly, and are not considered in this
presentation
Wastewater disposal application rates and
effluent parameter limits are dictated by
stringent FDEP regulations
1. Receiving water
characteristics
Surface water discharges
1. Groundwater constraintsInjection (Class I or V)
1. Groundwater constraintsGround Water Discharge
with rapid rate land
application
1. Agronomic uptake rates
2. Groundwater constraints
Ground Water Discharge
with slow rate land
application
Limiting Parameters (key
parameters from FDEP
regulations)
Disposal Method
3Wastewater Treatment technologies must
consider effluent disposal needs
1. Need to reduce TN below 2-3 mg/L moot
due to bird/animal habitat and algae
Wetlands Disposal
1. Less stringent criteria than Class VClass I Injection
1. Need to meet more stringent criteria
2. Drinking water limits may apply
Class V Injection
1. Too much nitrogen removal will result in
farmer/homeowner adding fertilizer
2. Some TN/TP limits are appropriate
Reuse
Conventional Wastewater Treatment will
meet reasonable effluent parameters of
20/20/10*
NH3
O2
NO3
O2
O2
O2
O2
O2O2
O2
O2
BOD Biomass
Secondary
Clarifier
Clarified Effluent
10-20 mg/l N
Excess
Biomass
(6–10 % N)
* Wastewater effluent concentrations are reported as BOD/TSS/N/P
4Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) wastewater
treatment will remove a high percentage of total
nitrogen
Aerobic
(C removal)
Anoxic
(N removal)
N2
NO3 Food
NO3 NO3
NO3
NO3
NO3 NO3
NO3
NO3
NO3
NO3
NH3
O2
NO3
O2
O2
O2
O2
O2O2
O2
O2
 Denitrifying (facultative heterotrophic)
bacteria
 Food (BOD or methanol)
 Nitrate
 No oxygen
Environmental Conditions For
Denitrification must be Created for Nitrogen
Removal
Anoxic
Condition
Alkalinity
N2
NO3
Food
Bacteria
NO3 NO3
NO3
NO3
NO3 NO3
NO3
NO3
NO3
NO3
5Modified Ludzack-Ettinger (MLE) can
meet limits of 5/5/6
Secondary
ClarifierAeration
Return Activated
Sludge
Sand
Filter
Waste Activated
Sludge
TRADITIONAL
Secondary
ClarifierAeration
Return Activated Sludge
Sand
Filter
Waste Activated
Sludge
Anoxic
5-Stage Bardenpho™ can produce
effluent parameters of 5/5/3/1
Secondary
ClarifierAeration
Return Activated
Sludge
Sand
Filter
Waste Activated
Sludge
TRADITIONAL
Secondary
ClarifierAeration
Return Activated Sludge
Sand
Filter
Waste Activated Sludge
AnoxicAnaerobic
Anoxic
Reaeration
Internal Recycle
63-Stage Bardenpho™ w/ Denitrification Filters can
produce an effluent of 5/5/2/1
Secondary
ClarifierAeration
Return Activated Sludge
Sand
Filter
Waste Activated
Sludge
TRADITIONAL
Secondary
ClarifierAeration
Return Activated Sludge
Denitrification
Sand Filter
Waste Activated Sludge
AnoxicAnaerobic
Internal Recycle
Methanol
Choosing the right technology for implementation
is critical to manage utility rates
Approximately $60 million for 20 mgd20/20/10 +/-Conventional
Approximately $130 million for 20 mgd5/5/2/1 +/-Bardenpho with
filtration
Approximately $110 million for 20 mgd5/5/3/1 +/-Bardenpho
without
filtration
Approximately $90 million for 20 mgd5/5/6 +/-MLE with
filtration
Approximate Cost for Liquid Treatment
Train (Solids Handling will cost more)
Effluent
Parameters
Treatment
Method
7In conclusion, planning to meet effluent
limits will drive level of treatment, but there
are limits
 Treating to the appropriate level is
important, difficult to treat better than
5/5/2
 Over treating can result in additional costs
for no benefit:
 Treating with a nutrient removal process
and then disposing the effluent through
reuse may require fertilizer addition
 Determining the desired effluent level of
BOD, TSS, TN, and TP (if applicable) will
allow cost optimization for the ratepayers


1000 Friends of Florida - presentation

http://aquaticcommons.org/977/1/vaith.pdf

1000 Friends of Florida - presentation

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