F4: An All-Purpose Tool for Multivariate Time Series Classification

Abstract

This article belongs to the Special Issue Data Mining for Temporal Data Analysis[Abstract] We propose Fast Forest of Flexible Features (F4), a novel approach for classifying multivariate time series, which is aimed to discriminate between underlying generating processes. This goal has barely been addressed in the literature. F4 consists of two steps. First, a set of features based on the quantile cross-spectral density and the maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform are extracted from each series. Second, a random forest is fed with the extracted features. An extensive simulation study shows that F4 outperforms some powerful classifiers in a wide variety of situations, including stationary and nonstationary series. The proposed method is also capable of successfully discriminating between electrocardiogram (ECG) signals of healthy subjects and those with myocardial infarction condition. Additionally, despite lacking shape-based information, F4 attains state-of-the-art results in some datasets of the University of East Anglia (UEA) multivariate time series classification archive.This research has been supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) grants MTM2017-82724-R and PID2020-113578RB-100, the Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2020-14), and the Centro de Investigación del Sistema Universitario de Galicia, “CITIC” grant ED431G 2019/01; all of them through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). This work has received a discount in publication fees by Universidade da Coruña/CISUGXunta de Galicia; ED431C-2020-14Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0