Fanti, Maria Pia

Gomes, Luis

Kumar, Ratnesh

Wisniewski, Remigiusz

Zhou, Mengchu

IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Systems

English

Repositório da Universidade Nova de Lisboa

3484 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS: SYSTEMS, VOL. 50, NO. 10, OCTOBER 2020Guest EditorialSpecial Issue on Recent Advances in Petri Nets,Automata, and Discrete-Event Hybrid SystemsI. INTRODUCTIONRECENT years have witnessed the rapid developmentand deployment of cyber and computer technologies,thus highly influencing the design methodologies of discrete-event and hybrid systems, i.e., systems with discrete andmixed discrete-continuous states/inputs. Their prevalence canbe found in almost all areas of human life, such as embeddedsoftware, automated manufacturing systems, work-flow man-agement, logic controllers, communication protocols, robotics,transportation and mobility, military, smart buildings, etc.Given the criticality of such applications, such systems oughtto be carefully modeled, thoroughly verified, and adequatelyanalyzed.II. AIMS OF THIS SPECIAL ISSUEThe aim of this special issue is to highlight the recentadvances in Petri nets, automata, and discrete-event hybridsystems. The editorial team has selected 18 high-qualitypapers from those accepted in 2018 and 2019 in the IEEETRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS:SYSTEMS for this special issue. In this editorial, the selectedpapers are split thematically into the three groups. The first onecontains papers focused on the logical correctness. The sec-ond group is oriented on the aspects related to the modelingand complexity analysis, while the last one deals with theperformance analysis and possible applications.A. CorrectnessSix papers selected in this special issue deal with thecorrectness aspects of systems. A formal methods-basedapproach to automatically construct and visualize system-level attack graphs is presented in Al Ghazo et al., giventhe system components, their vulnerabilities, and connectivity.The approach is illustrated through application to a practicalSCADA network. Correctness control of automated manufac-turing systems described by Petri nets is the subject of thetechnique shown by Wang et al. The introduced robust controlalgorithm permits for deadlock avoidance.The correctness control for automated manufacturingsystems is also considered by two further papers. Feng et al.proposed a deadlock prevention algorithm for systems witha type of unreliable resources, by using general Petri nets.Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TSMC.2020.3020588Yue et al. focused on the properties that the controller withrobustness must satisfy in deadlock-prone unreliable systems.A cooperative monitoring process of engineering projects ispresented in Xue et al. The process provides three differentlevels of project performance progress for different roles orstakeholders. Conditions for deriving stabilizing control forcertain class of hybrid systems with delays is provided in thework by He et al.B. Modeling and Complexity AnalysisThe modeling and complexity analysis of the system isthe objective of the next six selected papers. A modelingtechnique of flexible discrete-event systems is proposed byGrichi et al. Formal syntax and semantic for a novel meta-model of an object constraint language [called reconfig-urable object constraint language (ROCL)] are introduced. Thepresented solution is applied to reconfigurable wireless sensornetworks.The formal verification of reconfigurable timed discrete-event systems is studied in Hafidi et al. In particular, a newmethod is proposed in order to ensure the correctness of thesesystems with a reduced cost (decreasing the verification timeand memory requirement).An approximate analysis algorithm for live and safe Petrinets is proposed by Karatkevich et al. In opposite to thetraditional methods, their presented solution is bounded bya polynomial in the number of places and transitions of a net.A dynamic data slice approach is considered by Wang etal. to analyze the vulnerabilities in e-commerce systems. Thepresented technique permits for the construction of dynamicdata slices in polynomial time.Effective state space analysis of systems specified by Petrinets is performed by Karoui et al. Their method pays specialattention to the state explosion problem. Wang et al. focusedon the behavior similarity of workflow nets. Based on the rela-tion profile of a workflow net, a behavioral relation matrixcan be constructed leading to complexity reduction of furtheranalysis.C. Performance Analysis and ApplicationsThe last group contains papers oriented on the systemperformance analysis and application aspects. Six papers areincluded. A generalized backward strategy is proposed byYang et al. to solve a transient scheduling problem. Thepresented idea utilizes Petri net theory, and it is illustrated2168-2216 c© 2020 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission.See https://www.ieee.org/publications/rights/index.html for more information.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS: SYSTEMS 3485via industrial examples. Luo et al. proposed a chromosomerepresentation and invent a novel deadlock-free schedulingalgorithm. The technique is oriented to flexible assemblysystems specified by Petri nets.Distributed control of automated manufacturing systemsis presented by Yang et al. Their method can be appliedin the modeling of the large-scale automated systems. Anapproach to support emergency resource management is shownby Zeng et al., by introducing a novel type of Petri net.A conflict-free model is constructed by using different res-olution strategies.Tran et al. employed reinforcement learning (Q-learning)to explore the relationship between actions and states allo-cated dynamically that allow the humanoid robot to triggera reaction to avoid falling. The presented idea is used forfall detection and recovery perturbation during robot swinging.Wang et al. proposed a quadcopter control strategy based ondeep reinforcement learning. The learning technique is basedon a deterministic policy gradient algorithm. Their presentedidea is evaluated in a flight simulator.In conclusion, we observe that modeling, verification, andvarious applications of discrete-event and hybrid systems arethe subject of many exciting investigations in recent years. Thepapers selected in this special issue have offered new ideas,methodologies, and applications that greatly advance the fieldof Petri nets, automata, and discrete-event hybrid systems. Oursincere hope is that this special issue will stimulate futurecutting-edge research and development in this important field.ACKNOWLEDGMENTThe Guest Editors would like to thank all the authorswho have contributed their research papers that areselected into this Special Issue. They highly appreciatethe contribution of the reviewers for their constructive com-ments and suggestions. They would also like to thank Prof.Robert Kozma, Editor-in-Chief, for his excellent supportand for giving them the great opportunity to organize thisSpecial Issue.REMIGIUSZ WISNIEWSKI, Guest EditorInstitute of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Zielona Góra65-246 Zielona Góra, PolandMENGCHU ZHOU, Guest EditorDepartment of ECENew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewark, NJ 07102 USALUIS GOMES, Guest EditorDepartamento de Engenharia Electrotécnica e deComputadoresNOVA University Lisbon2829-516 Caparica, PortugalMARIA PIA FANTI, Guest EditorDepartment of Elettrotecnica ed ElettronicaPolytechnic of Bari70125 Bari, ItalyRATNESH KUMAR, Guest EditorDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringIowa State UniversityAmes, IA 50011 USARemigiusz Wisniewski (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Doctoral degree in computer sciencefrom the University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland, in 2008, and the D.Sc. (Habilitation)degree in computer science from the Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland, in 2018.He is the Head of the Division of Applied Informatics and Electronics, University ofZielona Góra, where he has been a Professor since 2019. From 2000 to 2003, he was withAldec, Inc., Henderson, NV, USA, where he conducted specialized training for companies, suchas Xilinx, San Jose, CA, USA, and Intel, Austin, TX, USA. In 2019, he was a Visiting Professorduring the internship with the University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. He hasauthored over 100 peer-reviewed research papers and books. His research interests include designand analysis of the control part of the cyber-physical systems, concurrent control systems, Petrinets, programmable devices, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), partial reconfiguration ofFPGAs, perfect graph and hypergraph theories, and cryptography.Prof. Wisniewski is an Associate Editor of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS: SYSTEMSand IEEE ACCESS, where he was awarded “Associate Editor of the Month” in July 2019. He is a member of IES and SMCsocieties and the IEEE IES Technical Committee on Industrial Informatics. He is a member of the Advisory Board at PolishMinistry of Science and Higher Education (“Industrial Doctorate” program). He is the Co-Founder and Coordinator of theresearch project Hippo: www.hippo.iee.uz.zgora.pl.3486 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS: SYSTEMS, VOL. 50, NO. 10, OCTOBER 2020MengChu Zhou (Fellow, IEEE) received the B.S. degree in control engineering from the NanjingUniversity of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China, in 1983, the M.S. degree in automatic con-trol from the Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China, in 1986, and the Ph.D. degree incomputer and systems engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA, in 1990.In 1990, he joined the New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA, where he iscurrently a Distinguished Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering. He has over 900 pub-lications, including 12 books, over 600 journal papers (over 450 in IEEE TRANSACTIONS),26 patents, and 29 book-chapters. His research interests are in Petri nets, intelligent automa-tion, Internet of Things, big data, Web services, and intelligent transportation.Dr. Zhou is a recipient of the Humboldt Research Award for U.S. Senior Scientists fromAlexander von Humboldt Foundation, the Franklin V. Taylor Memorial Award, the Norbert WienerAward from IEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society, and the Excellence in Research Prizeand Medal from NJIT. He is the Founding Editor of IEEE Press Book Series on Systems Science and Engineering, the Editor-in-Chief of the IEEE/CAA JOURNAL OF AUTOMATICA SINICA, and an Associate Editor of the IEEE INTERNET OF THINGSJOURNAL, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS, and IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS,MAN, AND CYBERNETICS: SYSTEMS. He is a Life Member of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, USA, andserved as its President in 1999. He is a Fellow of the International Federation of Automatic Control, the American Associationfor the Advancement of Science, and the Chinese Association of Automation.Luis Gomes (Senior Member, IEEE) received the Electrotech Engineering degree from theTechnical University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, in 1981, and the Ph.D. degree in digital systemsfrom University NOVA Lisbon, Lisbon, in 1997.He is an Associate Professor with Habilitation with the Electrical and Computer EngineeringDepartment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon and a Researcherwith UNINOVA Institute, Caparica, Portugal. From 1984 to 1987, he was with EID, a Portuguesemedium enterprise, in the area of electronic system design, in the Research and DevelopmentEngineering Department. He was made an Honorary Professor with the Transilvania Universityof Brasov, Brasov, Romania, in 2007, as well as an Honorary Professor of Óbuda University,Budapest, Hungary, in 2014. He has author/coauthored more than 300 papers and chapters pub-lished in journals, books, and conference proceedings, as well as coauthor of one book andco-editor for three books. His main interests include the usage of Petri nets and other models ofconcurrency, applied to reconfigurable and embedded systems co-design, and cyber-physical systems.Dr. Gomes received the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Anthony J. Hornfeck Service Award in 2016. He is currentlyserving/was recently serving as an Associate Editor for the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS, IEEETRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, and IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, and also served as guest co-editorfor several special sections on the referred IEEE TRANSACTIONS, as well as IEEE ACCESS.Maria Pia Fanti (Fellow, IEEE) received the Laurea degree in electronic engineering from theUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, in 1983.She was a Visiting Researcher with the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute of Troy, Troy, NY, USA,in 1999. Since 1983, she has been with the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering,Polytechnic of Bari, Bari, Italy, where she is currently a Full Professor of system and control engi-neering and the Chair of the Laboratory of Automation and Control. She has published more than300 papers and two textbooks on her research topics. Her research interests include managementand modeling of complex systems, such as transportation and logistic systems, discrete-eventsystems, Petri nets, consensus protocols, and fault detection.Prof. Fanti was an Editor of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE ANDENGINEERING. She is an Associate Editor of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN,AND CYBERNETICS: SYSTEMS. She was a Member-at-large of the Board of Governors of theIEEE Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Society. She is member of the AdCom of the IEEE Robotics and Automaton Societyand the Chair of the Technical Committee on Automation in Logistics of the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society. Shewas the General Chair of the 2011 IEEE Conference on Automation Science and Engineering, the 2017 IEEE InternationalConference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics, and the 2019 Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Conference.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS: SYSTEMS 3487Ratnesh Kumar (Fellow, IEEE) received the B.Tech. degree in electrical engineering from theIndian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, India, in 1987, and the M.S. and Ph.D.degrees in electrical and computer engineering from the University of Texas (UT) at Austin,Austin, TX, USA, in 1989 and 1991, respectively.He is a Ruth and Murray J. Harpole Professor with the Department of Electrical and ComputerEngineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA, where he directs the ESSeNCE Lab(Embedded Software, Sensors, Networks, Cyberphysical, and Energy Lab). He held a faultyposition with the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA, and also visiting positionswith the University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; the Applied Research Laboratory,Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA; NASA Ames, Mountain View, CA, USA;Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, USA; United Technologies Research Center, EastHartford, CT, USA; General Electric Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, USA; and Wright PattersonAir Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA.Dr. Kumar was a recipient of the Gold Medals for the Best EE Undergrad, the Best EE Project, and the Best All Rounderfrom IIT Kanpur all in 1987, the Best Dissertation Award from UT Austin in 1991, the Best Paper Award from the IEEETRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING in 2016, and Keynote Speakership and best paper awardsrecipient from multiple conferences. He has received the D. R. Boylan Eminent Faculty Award for Research at Iowa StateUniversity. He was a Distinguished Lecturer of IEEE Control Systems Society. He is or has been an Editor for several journalsand conferences, including IEEE, SIAM, ACM, IET, and MDPI. He is also a Fellow of AAAS.

Special Issue on Recent Advances in Petri Nets, Automata, and Discrete-Event Hybrid Systems

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Special Issue on Recent Advances in Petri Nets, Automata, and Discrete-Event Hybrid Systems

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