It is important that organic pork differs markedly from conventional pork regarding taste, appearance and production methods in order to overcome the heavy price competition. That is the hypothesis behind the current project

Andersen, B.H.

Claudi-Magnussen, C.

Hermansen, J.E.

Horsted, K.

Kongsted, A.G.

English

Organic Eprints

 FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Seasonal organic pig production with a local breedJohn E. HermansenAnne Grete KongstedChris Claudi-MagnussenBent H. AndersenEAAP, Barcelona 2009 - Session S09 FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Increase in the consumption of organic pork020040060080010002003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Consumption of organic pork in DK, tonnesSession S09_abstr4356 John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Low market share in Denmark26.2%15.5%0.5 %051015202530Milk Egg PorkRelative consumption of organic products  FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Possible reasons for low market share Heavy price competition with conventionally produced pork Small differences in the objective quality between organic and conventional pork products Small differences in the ethical quality Consumers who value organic products do not value pork (considered as low quality)Session S09_abstr4356 John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Overall objective Contribute to the development of a diversified organic pork production with high standards for eating quality and ethical quality based on Use of a traditional breed  No castration/ringing Seasonal production FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Specific objective How does breed affect the performanceand pork quality of different ‘types‘ of slaughter pigsSession S09_abstr4356 John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Types of slaughter pigs Entire male pigs slaughtered before sexual maturity (40 kg) Female pigs slaughtered at 130 kg Sows slaughtered after weaning of the first litter FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Breed combinations – sows Landrace x Yorkshire (LY) Danish Black-Spotted (BS)Session S09_abstr4356 John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Breed combinations - offspringBlack Spotted x DurocBSxDD (2007)Black-Spotted x Black-SpottedBSxBS (2007+2008)[LandracexYorkshire] x DurocLYxDD (2007+2008) FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Why the Danish Black-Spotted? Signals ‘naturalness‘ and ‘otherness‘ The meat is described as tastier compared to the high-producing genotypes Better suited to an ‘organic life‘? Superior mother abilities?Session S09_abstr4356 John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Experimental set-upFarrowing outdoors 2007: 6 BSxBS, 5 BSxDD, 6 LYxDD2008: 5 BSxBS, 5 LYxDDPigs weaned (age 10-11 weeks)First parity sows slaughteredEntire male pigs slaughtered (40 kg)Female pigs stayed litterwise outdoorsFemale pigs slaughtered, 90-100 kg (BSxBS), 110 kg (BSxDD) and 130 kg (LYxDD)April/MayNovember/DecemberJuly/august FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Results - Litter size0246810121416At birth At weaning At birth At weaningBSLYYear 1 Year 2**ns9.8128.29.38.815.413.27.0****Session S09_abstr4356 John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Feed intake during lactation (year 2)-422.27.4200LYns 178 Weight at farrowing, kgns -22 Sow gain, kg*ns 2.8 Kg feed per kg weaned<0.001 5.1 Feed intake, kg/dayP-value BS*Corrected for litter size at birth FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Daily gain, female pigs (2007)020406080100120140KgBS BSxD LYxDDay 7 Weaning2.5 monthsSlaughtering6.5 months 4.5 months*******Session S09_abstr4356 John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Carcass quality – female pigs (2007)485052545658BSxBS BSxD LYxDLean meat percentageabb FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Meat colour – female pigs (2007)4.09.3b49.8aMeanBSxBS0.20.30.5Std err4.07.2a53.4cMeanLYxDDStd err Std err Mean0.2 0.2 3.3 b* (yellowness)0.3 0.3 7.2a a* (redness)0.5 0.6 51.6b L* (lightness)BSxDDSession S09_abstr4356 John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Sensory profile – female pigs, cutlet0.4 6.1a 0.4 7.9b 0.4 6.6a Tenderness6.6abMeanBSxBS0.2Std err7.1bMeanLYxDDStd err Std err Mean0.2 0.2 6.3a Sour tasteBSxDD FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AARHUS UNIVERSITY  Conclusions Confident/calm animals (easy to handle) Significant lower litter sizes 23-32 % lower daily gain from birth to slaughter  11 % lower lean meat percentage (not if crossed with Duroc) Produce significantly darker and redder meat Produce significantly more tender meat (if crossed with Duroc)Use of the black-spotted pig might be a way to produce organic pork which differ in appearance and eating quality Session S09_abstr4356 John.Hermansen@agrsci.dk

Seasonal organic pig production with a local breed

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