The chapter presents inforamtion on the status of organic viticulture world wide and also includes a global organic wine statistics (hectares per country; not all wine producing countries covered though)

Geier, Bernward

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theworld oforganic agricultureaustralia / oceania 12,2 million haasia 4,1 million haafrica 1,0 million haeurope 6,5 million halatin america 6,4 million hanorth america 1,4 million hastatistics & emerging trends 2006statistics & Emerging Trends 2006theworld oforganic agricultureAll of the statements, results etc. contained in this book have been compiled by the authors according to their best knowledge and have been scrupulously checked by the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), the Foundation Ecology & Agriculture (SOEL) and the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM). However, the possibility of mistakes cannot be ruled out entirely. Therefore, the editors and the authors are not subject to any obligation and make no guarantees whatsoever regarding any of the statements etc. in this work; neither do they accept responsibility or liability for any possible mistakes contained therein.Additional information (links, graphs) is available from the internet at www.soel.de/oekolandbau/weltweit.html. Information about organic farming around the globe is provided at www.ifoam.org. Should corrections and updates of this report become necessary, they will be published at www.organic-europe.net. Willer, Helga and Minou Yussefi (2006):The World of Organic Agriculture. Statistics and Emerging Trends 2006.International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), Bonn Germany & Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, SwitzerlandISBN IFOAM: 3-934055—61-3 ISBN-10:  3-906081-81-8; ISBN-13:  978-3-906081-81-6© 2006, International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) &Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL)Cover and Layout: Sibeth Entertainment GmbH, www.sibeth.deTechnical & Language Editing: Neil Sorensen, IFOAM, Bonn GermanyPrinted on recycled  paper by Medienhaus Plump, Rolandsecker Weg 33, 53619 Rheinbreitbach, GermanyPrinted copies of this volume may be ordered via the IFOAM website at www.ifoam.org or via the FiBL shop at www.fibl.org/shop/; FiBL-order Number 1402. Download of the main chapters via the IFOAM Homepage and the FiBL Shop.Download of the full volume is possible via the IFOAM Homepage and the FiBL shopat a charge of 10,60 EUR.Price: 16 EUR + postage for the printed copy; 10,60 EUR for the download version.3theworld oforganic agriculturestatistics & emerging trends 2006table of contents1 Foreword  72 Editors’  Note  83  Contacts and Data Sources  9  Bàrbara Baraibar4  Data Collection and Processing  15  Bàrbara Baraibar5  Organic Farming Worldwide 2006 Overview & Main Statistics   23  Minou Yussefi6  Crop Statistics and Information on Four Main Crops   38  Bàrbara Baraibar and Helga Willer7  Crop Information & Statistics   52  Bàrbara Baraibar, Salvador Garibay, Bernward Geier  8  Overview of the Global Market for Organic Food & Drink  69  Amarjit Sahota9 Standards  and  Regulations  74  Lukas Kilcher, Beate Huber and Otto Schmid10  Certification and Accreditation   84  Gerald A. Herrmann, Gunnar Rundgren 11  The Contribution of Organic Farming to Sustainable Development  91  Lukas Kilcher12  Organic Farming in Africa  96  Nicholas Parrott, Charles Ssekyewa, Chido Makunike,  Samuel Muwanga Ntambi 13  Organic Farming in Asia  108  Ong Kung Wai14  Organic Farming in Australia/Oceania  118  Els Wynen, Seager Mason15  Organic Farming in Europe  130  Helga Willer, Toralf Richter, Susanne Padel, Steve Lowman, Bernhard  Jansen416  Organic Farming in Latin America  152  Alberto Pipo Lernoud and Marcela Piovano17  Organic Farming in the Mediterranean Region  176  Lina Al-Bitar18  Organic Farming in North America  188  Barbara Haumann19  Achievements made and challenges ahead  205  Angela B. Caudle  and Gabriele Holtmann20 Contact  209 Appendix    210  Countries that Provided Information on  Land Use and Crop CategoriesGraphsGraph 1   Main land uses in organic farming worldwide  according to the data collected share (%) of the total  global organic area   17Graph 2   Land use of the certified area worldwide   23Graph 3   Area of organic agriculture and wild harvested  plants worldwide 2000-2006  24Graph 4   Land area under management  The 10 countries with the largest organic area  36Graph 5   The ten countries with the highest percentage  of land area under organic management   36Graph 6   Area under organic management – share per continent  37Graph 7   Organic farms – share per continent  37Graph 8   Arable land by continent (hectares)  42Graph 9   Permanent crops by continent  42Graph 10  Permanent pasture by continent  43Graph 11  Wild collection by continent  44Graph 12  Distribution of global organic food revenues, 2004   73Graph 13  Development of organic farming in the  European Union 1985-2004. From 2003 the New Member  States are included (accession May 2004)  131TablesTable 1  Percentage of countries by continents that answered the survey  16Table 2   Data classification  20Table 3   Area under organic management by country  28Table 4   Land under organic management in percent of the total  agricultural area by country  31Table 5   Organic farms worldwide by country  33Table 6   Main land use categories in organic agriculture global overview  39Table 7   Main land use categories by continents  405MapsMap 1   Organic farming in Africa.  96Map 2   Organic Farming in Asia.  108Map 3   Organic farming in Australia / Oceania  118Map 4   Organic farming in Europe.  130Map 5   Organic farming in Latin America.  152Table 8   Certified organic agricultural land and area with wild collection  by continent   41Table 9   Main agricultural land use categories by country;  data from 2005/2006 survey   45Table 10   Organic cotton area by country  53Table 11   Organic coffee area by country   56Table 12   Organic cocoa area by country  60Table 13   Organic grape area by country  63Table 14   Organic citrus area by country  66Table 15   Organic olive area by country  67Table 16   Organic rice area by country  68Table 17   Countries with a fully implemented regulation (43)  77Table 18   Countries with a finalized regulation – not yet fully implemented (12)  79Table 19   Countries in the process of drafting regulations (16)  79Table 20   Number of certification bodies per continent 2003 - 2005  86Table 21   Number of certification bodies per country (the 10 main countries)   87Table 22   Starting year of certification bodies   87Table 23   Number of certification bodies per accreditation system 2003 - 2005  88Table 24   Organic produce from Africa (by type and country) Organic  produce from Africa (by type and country)    99Table 25   Africa Land under organic management and organic farms  105Table 26   Africa Main land use categories in organic farming  106Table 27   Asia Land under organic management and organic farms  115Table 28   Asia Main land use categories  116Table 29   Australia / Oceania Land under organic management and organic  farms  129Table 30   Europe Main land use categories   132Table 31   Estimated turnover and per capita consumer expenditures for  organic food in selected European countries, 2004  143Table 32   Europe Land under organic management and organic farms   146Table 34   Europe Permanent cropland by crop category   148Table 35   European Union Main land use categories and  main crop categories 2004 / 2005   148Table 36   Latin America Land under organic management  and organic farms  172Table 37   Latin America Main land use categories  173Table 38   Latin America Arable land by crop category  173Table 39   North America Land under organic management and organic farms  203Table 40   North America Main land use categories  203Table 41   North America Arable land by crop category  20362The World of Organic Agriculture 20067.4  Organic grapes … More Than Wine and Statistics Bernward  Geier10  Wine plays an outstanding role as “ambassador” of organic quality. Given the rapidly growing importance of the organic wine sector, it is appropriate and timely to devote a special chapter to this crop. Searching for reliable organic data and statistics is quite a challenging task, which seems to be even paramount when it gets to organic grapes and wine. Helga Willer from the FiBL, the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, supported by Bàrbara Baraibar worked hard and dedicated to get the data, which are presented in this chapter.The roots and quality achievementsViticulture and grape growing was among the crops that were converted early to the chemical treadmill, which subsequently caused an early development of organic and biodynamic alternatives dating back to the 1950s.Only since the 1980s public research has supported the increasing in organic grape and wine production. A solid growth of the sector started in the nineties and continues dynamically up to today.For the pioneers in the first decades, the focus was clearly on finding and practicing alternatives to the use of chemical-synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. The consequence of this concentration on environmental aspects – so to say from a healthy soil to healthy grapes - was that often less attention was paid to the cellar and wine quality.Thus organic wine in its earlier days did not have the best reputation with regard to taste and sensorial quality. As a matter of fact, even today one comes occasionally across the perception or assumption that organic wine is of inferior quality.Reality shows that organic wine has developed up to prime quality levels, winning most prestigious recognition and awards even in so called conventional competitions. The annual BioFach organic wine award, with its worldwide participation and reputation, demonstrates impressive quality achievements and shows that it is correct to consider organic wine as an ambassador of good taste and top organic quality.10  Bernward Geier is the former IFOAM director of external affairs. Bernward Geier, Alefeld 21, 53804 Much, Germany, Tel: +49-2245-618652, Email: bub.geier@t-online.de637 Crop Information and StatisticsSource: FiBL Survey 2005 / 2006. For the information sources for the individual countries please check the continent tables in the continent chapters of this book. Figures for total vine area (Year 2001) (with the exception of France): Office International de la Vigne et du Vin (O.I.V.)11  Please note: data were not available for all wine / grape producing countries11  Office International de la Vigne et du Vin (O.I.V.); General wine statistics http://news.reseau-concept.net/images/oiv/Client/Stat%202001.pdfcountry date vineyards under organic management (hectares)share of total vineyardsin a countryItaly 2004 31‘170 3.4 %France 2004 16‘428 1.9 %Spain 2004 14‘928 1.2 %Moldova 2005 8‘155Greece 2004 3‘303 2.7 %USA (California) 2004 3‘104 1.5 %Germany 2004 2‘500 2.4 %China 2004 2‘000 1.0 %Turkey 2004 1‘988 0.3 %Chile 2003 1‘892 1.7 %Austria 2004 1‘657 3.4 %Portugal 2004 912 0.4 %Syria 2004 600Hungary 2004 579Switzerland 2004 358 2.4 %New Zealand 2004 299 2.0 %Argentina 2005 273 0.1 %Canada 2004 99 0.9 %Israel 2004 80Slovak Republic 2005 78 0.4 %Cyprus 2005 75Slovenia 2004 49 0.3 %Czech Rep. 2004 48 0.3 %Lebanon 2005 40Croatia 2005 32 0.1 %Georgia 2005 31Serbia/Montenegro 2004 6Luxemburg 2004 6Albania 2004 5Macedonia, The Fmr Yug Rep. 2005 1Total grape area covered by the FiBL Survey 2005/2006   90‘696Table 13: Organic grape area by country64The World of Organic Agriculture 2006A reflection on the statisticsEven though it is great that the 2006 edition of organic world statistics includes information on grape production, it has to be stated that the data presented (more than 90’000 hectares) are not a reflection of the actual area with organic grapes. It has not been possible to get data from some important wine growing countries like Australia. In the US, organic vineyards do not only exist in California, although this figure covers the major area in the US. It also needs to be clarified that the grape area is not always for wine production. Especially the grape areas in China, Turkey, Greece, but also in California are not solely vineyards. They also cover substantial grape production for table grapes, raisins, sultanas etc.  Considering the fact that we have “mega” viticulture countries like Italy, France and Spain, it is not a surprise that these countries are also leaders when it come s to organic viticulture. These three countries cover far more than half of the worldwide organic viticulture area.The fact that Italy is not only leading the statistic, but also covers almost twice as many hectares as the “runner up” France, mirrors the fact that Italy also leads the total organic area statistics in Europe. We cannot (yet) present numbers on organic grape growers and farms, but in the case of Italy, there are are in the range of a couple of thousand viticulturists. Considering the fact that grape and wine producing farms are fairly small in terms of hectare size in most countries, it is a safe estimate that on a global level a several ten thousand grape producers are growing organically.Reliable marketing and economic data were not obtainable, but a short reflection on these aspects is reasonable and possible.In some countries like Italy and France, the share of vineyards within the total organic area has reached levels of two to over three percent. This is still a small proportion, but considering the fact that making wine (and also raisins) is highly value adding, the economic importance of grape and wine production is way beyond the mere area share. This is also supported by the fact that organic wine has a high proportion of direct marketing, giving the producers a greater and fairer share of financial returns.Although Chile has proportionally few hectares in grapes, the share of organic wine in the export statistics of the country in the range of eight percent, which supports the conclusions above.Compiling this data is a start, and we hope that highlighting this sector inspires those with access to regional and national data information to contribute to a more extensive and comprehensive overview in next year’s edition.

Organic grapes - More than Wine and Statistics

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