Charophytae gyrogonites are common among the washing/sieving residues from the important ?Upper Paleocene or lowermost Eocene site of Silveirinha (lower Mondego, Portugal). The whole Charophyte material has been submitted to Janine Riveline, who recognized but Nitellopsis (Tectochara) dutemplei (Watelet)Grambast & Souliè-Marsche minor Riveline. This form has been found in the lacustrine marls overlying the "Conglomerat de Cernay" that is rich in late Thanetian vertebrates. Taking into account the presence of the above referred form, the age of the concerned sediments may be (not basal) Sparnacian, Peckichara disermas Charophyte zone

Antunes, M. Telles

Colin, J.-P.

English

New University of Lisbon's Repository

C lencias da Terra (UNL) Lisbon pp. 77-82I PI. 2003
Charophytes from Silveirinha (?Upper Paleocene - Lowermost
Eocene) according to Janine Riveline
Miguel Telles Antunes (1. 2, 3 ) & J ean-Paul Colin (4)
Projecto MPOCT1I365311PAI.J2000 - Studies on Portuguese Palaeontology (Pe st-Paleoz oic)", FundacAo para a Ciencia e a Tecnclogia'
Mtnlst erio da Cicncia e das Umversidades.
I . Academia das Cicncias de Lisboa. 2. European Academ y of Ans. Sciences and Humanities. Paris. 3. Cen tro de Estudos Gool6giOO$,
Faculdade de Cienc ias e Tccno logia (UN L)I Qu inta da Torre 2829-516 Caparica. Portu gal. rnta@fcuml.pt 4. 3 IlTIp<lS5edes Biroulayres , 33610
Cesas, France. jean-paul.colin@wo rldonline.fr
Rn ume
Mot~Jes : Silveirinha; Portugal; Charophytes; Spamacien; Eocene basa l.
Us residus de lavage-tamisage de sediments en provenance de !'imponant gisement de Silveirinha (bas Mondegc, Portugal.
" Paleocene superieur ou Eocene basal) SOn! riches en gyrogonues. Tourle materiel de Charophytes a etc soumis a Janine Riveliae,
qui a reconnu une seule forme, Nilellopsis {Tectochara} dUlemplei (Watelet) Grambast & Soulie-Mlirsche minor Riveline. Cene
forme a ete reccltee dans les mamcs lacustres simees au dessus du Congjomerar de Cernay, riche en vertebres d'age thanetien
terminal. Sur la base de eette forme de Charophyte I's ge de ces sediments est interprerecs comme spamacien (non basal). zone it
Peckichara disermas.
Abstract
Key-words: Silvcirinha; Portugal; Charophytes: Spamacian; lowermost Eocene.
Charophytae gyrogonites are common among the washing! sieving residues from the important ?upper Paleocene or lowermost
Eocene site of Silveirinha (lower Mondego, Portugal). The whole Charophyte material has been submitted to Janine Riveline, who
recognized but Niteilopsis (fer:tochara) dutempdei (Walele!)Grambast & Soulie-MlI.rsche minor Rivehne. This fonn has been found
in the lacustrine marls overlying the "Conglomerat de Cemay" that is rich in late Thanetian vertebrates. Taking into account the
presence of the above referred form, the age of the concerned sediments may be (not basal) Spamacian, Ped ichara duennas
Charophyte zone.
C harophyte gyrogon ites are very common in the
sediments from Silvei rinha, a locality that yiel ded a rich
mammalian fauna (Antu nes et al., 1997) amon g othe r
fossils: ostracods, mo llusks. and man y verteb rates. The
gyrogonites have been refe rred since the earliest papers
on Silveirinha (Antunes, 1981 , p . 256; Antunes & Russell ,
198 1, p.l l OO).
C h a ro p hytae a re impo rtant as fo ss i ls . The ir
chronos tratigraphic ro le is of great interest in Tertia ry
times. Hence the presenc e ofgyrogon itcs , common amo ng
the washing-sieving concentrates from Silve jrinha, arou sed
our interest.
A more acc urat e study was needed. M. TellesAntunes
p ro p osed i t to Mme . Jani ne R ivelin e , th en at the
Laboratoire de Geo logie des Bassins se di mcnta ircs ,
Unive rsitc Par is VI. Our colleague accep ted to iden tify
the charophytcs. Accordi ngly. gyrogonites we re sent her
•(July, 1998) .
77
Cuncias da Terra (UN/.). 15
Th e same year (Septembe r 23th) she communicated
M .T.A . th e fi rst re sults : " II s ' a gH s urc me nt d' un
representant du genre Nile/lopsis , sous genre Iea ochara.
tres proche de cc que j'ai reconnu comme N. (f.) dutemplei
minor doni Ie nivea u type se situc dans les Marnes a
rognons de la sabliere Mou ras (Mont-de-Berm . Marne)";
-Ces niveaux sont Eocene basa l".
Still new gyrogonitc specimens were subsequently sent.
However, no new forms were identified . As a conclusion,
all the charop hy te gy rogon ites collec ted un til now
belong to:
Nitellopsis (Teetochara) dutemptei (Watelet) Grambast
& Soulie-Marsche mitior Rivelinc, whose type level is the
" Mames a rognons de la sabliere Mouras", lo wermost
Eocene.
Th is form has been found in the lacustr ine marls over
the - Congtomerat de Cernay", that y ie lded a ric h
verteb rate fauna ascribed to the uppermost Th anctian . On
the basis o f this charophyte species, age of the concerned
level has been interp reted as (not lowenn ost) Spamacian
and corresponding to the Peckicharadlsermas Charophyte
zone (Riveline, 1984).
In a later synthes is (Rivelinc et al., 1996, p.461) the
Pcckichara disermas zone is defined as the " Interval from
the first occurrence o f Peckichara disermas Grambast,
1977 to the firsl occ urrence o f Peckichara p ivetea ui
Grambas t, 1977". Age : Late Th anet ian , - i.e., Late
Paleocene. The zo ne is correlated with the top of NP9 and
the base ofNP 10 in North European basins {id., p.462) or
lo wermost Ypres ian (id ., figA). Age is ar ound 55
Ma (ibid .).
Let us remark that Nitellopsis (Tec/ochara) also occurs
at Le Qu esnoy (Oise, France), a fossil-rich localit y in the
" Argiles a lign ite du Soissonnals" , Spa macian , Early
Eocene - lower Ypresian, MP7 mammal-un it (sec NEL
et at., 199 9). Age is therefore very close to thai o f
Silvcirin ha.
Ow ing to the vcry narrow scope of the results and
especially the lack of any further ev idence, our co lleague
Riveline did not prod uce any text on this mailer. On the
other hand, resu lts are indeed very interesting, even if the
localit y had been accurately dated by mammals. Indeed,
no c haro phytes we re known in association with the
Silvei rinha's mammalian fauna nor in the Eocene of
Referen ces
Portugal. We therefore decided to ensure the divulgation
ofthe available results, not to postpone it any more.
lt should be stressed that one ofthe ostracods from the
same locality, Cypris n. sp., is clo sely similar to other
spec ies from the same age: - Cypris sp. Tambareau in
Tambareau et at. (1991), from the IIcrdian of Montagne
Noire; and - Cypris pseudodecaryi Guemet, 1981, from
the Paris Basin Spamacian (see Co lin & Antunes, 2003,
this volume).
Co nclusions
The whole evidence allows the followi ng conclusions:
• the Charophyte gyrogonitcs from Si lvei rinha occ ur
in rath er large numbers;
- a single form, Nitellopsis (Tectochara) dutemplei
(watelet) Grambast& Soulie-Marsche minor Riveline
is represented;
• This fonn points out to the Pcckicharadisermas zone ,
Late Thanetian or lowermost Ypresian (a mailer o f
stratigraphic limits, age being anyway around 55 Ma);
- the age o f'Silveirinha as suggested by Cbarophytes is
compatible either with Late Paleocene, as indicated
by stratigraphic correlation with Pyrenean region as
well as by the so me what earlier-tha n Doormal
mammals (even if the Silveirinha mammalian fauna
has been ascribed to the same MP7 mam mal-unit,
whose type si te is Doonnal); or with Lowermost
Eocene.
Acknowledge ments
Ou r best thanks are due to Janine Riveline, who kind ly
ensured the identification of the Charophyte materia l from
S ilveirinha. We are indebted also to Professor Jose Pais
(Centro de Estudos Gco16gicos, Faculdade de Cienctas e
Tccnologia, UNL) for SE M photograp hs.
Antunes. M. Telles (19lil ) - As areias e argilas de Silveirinha 11 - Aspectos paleomolcgicos. Memorias Noticias. Puhl. Mus. Lab.
Mineral. Geol., Uni\>. Coimbra, 91-92:255-267.
Antunes, M. Telles; Casanovas, M. L.; Cuesta. M. A.; Checa. L1.; Saruafe, 1. V. & Agusti, 1. (1997) - Eocene mammals from the
Iberian Peninsule. Acres du Congres BiochroM'97, 1.-P. Aguilar. S. l egendre & J. Michaux (Eds. ). Mem. Trav. £.P.JI.E., lnst.
Montpellier, 21: 337·352. 2 fig.
Antunes. M. Telles & Russell. D. E. (1981) - le gisement de Silveirinha (Bas Mondego, Portugal): la plus ancienne faune de
vertebres eocenes connue en Europe. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 293 (21 Decembre1981), seJe 11 : 1099-1102.
78
Ciilrdasda Ttrra(UNL), 15
Colin, J .·P. & Antenes, M. Telles (2003) · Limnic Ostracoda from Silveirinha, Ponugal (? laic Paleocene - Lowermost Eocene).
Ciincias da Terra (UNL), Lisboa, 15: 97-105 .
Nel, A.; de PlOeg, G ; Dejax, J.; Duthc il, D.; de Franceschi. D.; Ghecbrant, E.; Godinot, M.; IIcrvct, S.; Mcnicr, 1-1; Auge. M.;
Bignot. G ; Cavagnenc, C.; Duffaud, S.; Gaudant, 1 ; ll ua, S.; Jossang, A.; de Lapparent, de Brom, F.; Pozzi, 1-P-; Paicheler,
J.-e.; Beucbct, F. & Rage, J.-e. (1999) - Un gisement excepnonnel a ptantes, arthropodcs et v'cr1cbres (Eocene basal, MP7):
Le Quesnoy (Oise, France). C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris , Sciences de lo Tern: es des Ptanines , 329: 65-72 .
Riveline, J. ( 1984) - Les gisements .II charophytes du Cenozorque (Danien .II 8 urdigalien) d ' Europc occi dentale. Bull. Inf o. GeQ/.
Bassin de Paris. Mem. h.s. 4, 41111 p.
Riveline, J.; Berger, l .· P.; Feist, M.; Martin-Closes, C.; Schodack, M. & Soulie-Marsc he. L (1996) - Euro pean Mesozoic-Ce nozo ic
charophyte biozona tion. Bull. Soc. Geol. France, Paris, 167,(3): 453-468.
•
79
Ciinciasda Te"a (UNL). 15
Plate 1
Nitellopsis (Teclochara) dutemplei (Watelet) Grambast & Soulie-Marsbe minor Riveline
Gyrogonites
The two upper rows: lateral views.
The third row: basal views.
Bottom row; apical view.
SEM photographs by J. Pais, Centro de Estudos Oeologicos(UNL).
•
80
Ctmcias da Terra (UNL), 15
PLATE I
8 1


Charophytes from Silveirinha (?Upper Paleocene - Lowermost Eocene) according to Janine Riveline

Repositório da Universidade Nova de Lisboa

C lencias da Terra (UNL) Lisbonpp. 77-82I PI.2003Charophytes from Silveirinha (?Upper Paleocene - LowermostEocene) according to Janine RivelineMiguel Telles Antunes (1. 2, 3 ) & J ean-Paul Colin (4)Projecto MPOCT1I365311PAI.J2000 - Studies on Portuguese Palaeontology (Pe st-Paleoz oic)", FundacAo para a Ciencia e a Tecnclogia'Mtnlst erio da Cicncia e das Umversidades.I . Academia das Cicncias de Lisboa. 2. European Academ y of Ans. Sciences and Humanities. Paris. 3. Cen tro de Estudos Gool6giOO$,Faculdade de Cienc ias e Tccno logia (UN L)I Qu inta da Torre 2829-516 Caparica. Portu gal. rnta@fcuml.pt 4. 3 IlTIp<lS5edes Biroulayres , 33610Cesas, France. jean-paul.colin@wo rldonline.frRn umeMot~Jes : Silveirinha; Portugal; Charophytes; Spamacien; Eocene basa l.Us residus de lavage-tamisage de sediments en provenance de !'imponant gisement de Silveirinha (bas Mondegc, Portugal." Paleocene superieur ou Eocene basal) SOn! riches en gyrogonues. Tourle materiel de Charophytes a etc soumis a Janine Riveliae,qui a reconnu une seule forme, Nilellopsis {Tectochara} dUlemplei (Watelet) Grambast & Soulie-Mlirsche minor Riveline. Ceneforme a ete reccltee dans les mamcs lacustres simees au dessus du Congjomerar de Cernay, riche en vertebres d'age thanetienterminal. Sur la base de eette forme de Charophyte I's ge de ces sediments est interprerecs comme spamacien (non basal). zone itPeckichara disermas.AbstractKey-words: Silvcirinha; Portugal; Charophytes: Spamacian; lowermost Eocene.Charophytae gyrogonites are common among the washing! sieving residues from the important ?upper Paleocene or lowermostEocene site of Silveirinha (lower Mondego, Portugal). The whole Charophyte material has been submitted to Janine Riveline, whorecognized but Niteilopsis (fer:tochara) dutempdei (Walele!)Grambast & Soulie-MlI.rsche minor Rivehne. This fonn has been foundin the lacustrine marls overlying the "Conglomerat de Cemay" that is rich in late Thanetian vertebrates. Taking into account thepresence of the above referred form, the age of the concerned sediments may be (not basal) Spamacian, Ped ichara duennasCharophyte zone.C harophyte gyrogon ites are very common in thesediments from Silvei rinha, a locality that yiel ded a richmammalian fauna (Antu nes et al., 1997) amon g othe rfossils: ostracods, mo llusks. and man y verteb rates. Thegyrogonites have been refe rred since the earliest paperson Silveirinha (Antunes, 1981 , p . 256; Antunes & Russell ,198 1, p.l l OO).C h a ro p hytae a re impo rtant as fo ss i ls . The irchronos tratigraphic ro le is of great interest in Tertia rytimes. Hence the presenc e ofgyrogon itcs , common amo ngthe washing-sieving concentrates from Silve jrinha, arou sedour interest.A more acc urat e study was needed. M. TellesAntunesp ro p osed i t to Mme . Jani ne R ivelin e , th en at theLaboratoire de Geo lo gie des Bassins se di mcnta ircs ,Unive rsitc Par is VI. Our colleague accep ted to iden tifythe charophytcs. Accordi ngly. gyrogonites we re sent her•(July, 1998) .77Cuncias da Terra (UN/.). 15Th e same year (Septembe r 23th) she communicatedM .T.A . th e fi rst re sults : " II s ' a gH s urc me nt d' unrepresentant du genre Nile/lopsis , sous genre Iea ochara.tres proche de cc que j'ai reconnu comme N. (f.) dutempleiminor doni Ie nivea u type se situc dans les Marnes arognons de la sabliere Mou ras (Mont-de-Berm . Marne)";-Ces niveaux sont Eocene basa l".Still new gyrogonitc specimens were subsequently sent.However, no new forms were identified . As a conclusion,all the charop hy te gy rogon ites collec ted un til nowbelong to:Nitellopsis (Teetochara) dutemptei (Watelet) Grambast& Soulie-Marsche mitior Rivelinc, whose type level is the" Mames a rognons de la sabliere Mouras", lo wermostEocene.Th is form has been found in the lacustr ine marls overthe - Congtomerat de Cernay", that y ie lded a ric hverteb rate fauna ascribed to the uppermost Th anctian . Onthe basis o f this charophyte species, age of the concernedlevel has been interp reted as (not lowenn ost) Spamacianand corresponding to the Peckicharadlsermas Charophytezone (Riveline, 1984).In a later synthes is (Rivelinc et al., 1996, p.461) thePcckichara disermas zone is defined as the " Interval fromthe first occurrence o f Peckichara disermas Grambast,1977 to the firsl occ urrence o f Peckichara p ivetea uiGrambas t, 1977". Age : Late Th anet ian , - i.e., LatePaleocene. The zo ne is correlated with the top of NP9 andthe base ofNP 10 in North European basins {id., p.462) orlo wermost Ypres ian (id ., figA). Age is ar ound 55Ma (ibid .).Let us remark that Nitellopsis (Tec/ochara) also occursat Le Qu esnoy (Oise, France), a fossil-rich localit y in the" Argiles a lign ite du Soissonnals" , Spa macian , EarlyEocene - lower Ypresian, MP7 mammal-un it (sec NELet at., 199 9). Age is therefore very close to thai o fSilvcirin ha.Ow ing to the vcry narrow scope of the results andespecially the lack of any further ev idence, our co lleagueRiveline did not prod uce any text on this mailer. On theother hand, resu lts are indeed very interesting, even if thelocalit y had been accurately dated by mammals. Indeed,no c haro phytes we re known in association with theSilvei rinha's mammalian fauna nor in the Eocene ofReferen cesPortugal. We therefore decided to ensure the divulgationofthe available results, not to postpone it any more.lt should be stressed that one ofthe ostracods from thesame locality, Cypris n. sp., is clo sely similar to otherspec ies from the same age: - Cypris sp. Tambareau inTambareau et at. (1991), from the IIcrdian of MontagneNoire; and - Cypris pseudodecaryi Guemet, 1981, fromthe Paris Basin Spamacian (see Co lin & Antunes, 2003,this volume).Co nclusionsThe whole evidence allows the followi ng conclusions:• the Charophyte gyrogonitcs from Si lvei rinha occ urin rath er large numbers;- a single form, Nitellopsis (Tectochara) dutemplei(watelet) Grambast& Soulie-Marsche minor Rivelineis represented;• This fonn points out to the Pcckicharadisermas zone ,Late Thanetian or lowermost Ypresian (a mailer o fstratigraphic limits, age being anyway around 55 Ma);- the age o f'Silveirinha as suggested by Cbarophytes iscompatible either with Late Paleocene, as indicatedby stratigraphic correlation with Pyrenean region aswell as by the so me what earlier-tha n Doormalmammals (even if the Silveirinha mammalian faunahas been ascribed to the same MP7 mam mal-unit,whose type si te is Doonnal); or with LowermostEocene.Acknowledge mentsOu r best thanks are due to Janine Riveline, who kind lyensured the identification of the Charophyte materia l fromS ilveirinha. We are indebted also to Professor Jose Pais(Centro de Estudos Gco16gicos, Faculdade de Cienctas eTccnologia, UNL) for SE M photograp hs.Antunes. M. Telles (19lil ) - As areias e argilas de Silveirinha 11 - Aspectos paleomolcgicos. Memorias Noticias. Puhl. Mus. Lab.Mineral. Geol., Uni\>. Coimbra, 91-92:255-267.Antunes, M. Telles; Casanovas, M. L.; Cuesta. M. A.; Checa. L1.; Saruafe, 1. V. & Agusti, 1. (1997) - Eocene mammals from theIberian Peninsule. Acres du Congres BiochroM'97, 1.-P. Aguilar. S. l egendre & J. Michaux (Eds. ). Mem. Trav. £.P.JI.E., lnst.Montpellier, 21: 337·352. 2 fig.Antunes. M. Telles & Russell. D. E. (1981) - le gisement de Silveirinha (Bas Mondego, Portugal): la plus ancienne faune devertebres eocenes connue en Europe. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 293 (21 Decembre1981), seJe 11 : 1099-1102.78Ciilrdasda Ttrra(UNL), 15Colin, J .·P. & Antenes, M. Telles (2003) · Limnic Ostracoda from Silveirinha, Ponugal (? laic Paleocene - Lowermost Eocene).Ciincias da Terra (UNL), Lisboa, 15: 97-105 .Nel, A.; de PlOeg, G ; Dejax, J.; Duthc il, D.; de Franceschi. D.; Ghecbrant, E.; Godinot, M.; IIcrvct, S.; Mcnicr, 1-1; Auge. M.;Bignot. G ; Cavagnenc, C.; Duffaud, S.; Gaudant, 1 ; ll ua, S.; Jossang, A.; de Lapparent, de Brom, F.; Pozzi, 1-P-; Paicheler,J.-e.; Beucbct, F. & Rage, J.-e. (1999) - Un gisement excepnonnel a ptantes, arthropodcs et v'cr1cbres (Eocene basal, MP7):Le Quesnoy (Oise, France). C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris , Sciences de lo Tern: es des Ptanines , 329: 65-72 .Riveline, J. ( 1984) - Les gisements .II charophytes du Cenozorque (Danien .II 8 urdigalien) d ' Europc occi dentale. Bull. Inf o. GeQ/.Bassin de Paris. Mem. h.s. 4, 41111 p.Riveline, J.; Berger, l .· P.; Feist, M.; Martin-Closes, C.; Schodack, M. & Soulie-Marsc he. L (1996) - Euro pean Mesozoic-Ce nozo iccharophyte biozona tion. Bull. Soc. Geol. France, Paris, 167,(3): 453-468.•79Ciinciasda Te"a (UNL). 15Plate 1Nitellopsis (Teclochara) dutemplei (Watelet) Grambast & Soulie-Marsbe minor RivelineGyrogonitesThe two upper rows: lateral views.The third row: basal views.Bottom row; apical view.SEM photographs by J. Pais, Centro de Estudos Oeologicos(UNL).•80Ctmcias da Terra (UNL), 15PLATE I8 1

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Charophytes from Silveirinha (?Upper Paleocene - Lowermost Eocene) according to Janine Riveline

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