Hoffman, G. O.

English

Texas A&M University

L-415
BRUSH MANAGEMENT WITH CHEMICALS
Aerial Broadcast Application
G. O. HOFFMAN, EXTENSION RANGE PRUSH & WEED CONTROL SPECIALIST
The Texas A&M University System
Mesquite and other undesirable woody plants have increased and changed the plant r-ompO?1 II ~r 'if qr I.' In' I JV" 11 t"
dense brushlands Plant communities can be restored economically to their natural condition wIth rh0m -01 11 d frl<' 'hel[ I 'l! If' 'L
properly used to improve herbaceous plant cover and forage production. Woody plant control is grealr-r or. \Ipln! I ..: 11, i'; 10 lIil r)II.'
than on clay loam soils when herbicides are applied by broadcast methods.
KIND OF
BRUSH
Mesquite
Tree type
Creeping type
Post oak
Undesirable
hardwoods in
established
pine
Whitebrush
Sand Shinnery
Oak
SIZE OF BRUSH
All trees or
sprouts at least
4 ft. tall or more
:md 4-6 years old
with dense
foliage.
All growth forms
-original and
sprouts with
dense foliage.
All sizes. At
least 4 yr. old.
All sizes. At
least 4 yr. old.
All sizes with no
overstory of larg-
er brush. Sprouts
at least 1 yr. old
and mesquite
sprouts at least
4 ft. tall.
All sizes.
METHOD OF
APPLICATION
Foliage, air spray-
swath widths adequate
to insure complete cov-
erage for effective
control.
Foliage air spray-
swath widths to insure
complete coverage for
effective control. Usual-
ly 2 to 3 applications
are necessary in suc-
cessive years, limited
to South Texas Plains.
Foliage spray-swath
widths to insure com-
plete coverage for effec-
tive control. 2 applica-
tions necessary, usually
in succeeding years.
Foliage spray-swath
widths to insure com-
plete coverage for effec-
tive control. 2 applica-
tions necessary.
Foliage spray-uniform
coverage in swath
widths to insure com-
plete coverage for
effective control.
Foliage spray-swath
widths to insure com-
plete coverage for effec-
tive control. 2 or 3 ap-
plications as necessary,
usually in successive
years.
SEASON OF
APPLICATION
Spring, under good growth
conditions, 40 to 90 days
after first green growth ap-
pears at the bud with dark
green foliage and soil tem-
peratures of over 70°F to be-
gin spray operations.
Spring, under good growth
conditions, 40 to 90 days
after first green growth ap-
pears at the bud.
Spring, after leaves become
full size and before summer
dormant period begins.
Spring, after leaves become
full size and before summer
dormant period begins.
Spring or falL plants fully
leafed and in full bloom.
Stop spraying when white-
brush begins shedding
flower petals.
May I-June 15 under good
growth conditions with
plants fully leafed. Do not
spray following late freezes.
CHEMICAL
MIXTURE
2,4,5-T at 112 lb/acre in West
Texas and 1 lbl acre in other
areas in Texas. I gal. diesel oil
and water to make 4 to 5 gall
acre solution.
Pic10ram + 2,4,5-T at 112 lb/acre
in West Texas. In other areas of
Texas 1 Ibl acre. Use 1 gal. die-
sel oil + special emulsifier and
water to make 4 to 5 gall acre
solution for both rates.
Dicamba + 2,4,5-T at 112 Ibl acre
in West Texas and 1 lbl acre in
other areas of Texas. Any time
heavy infestation of ragweed,
use dicamba + 2,4,5-T mixture
at either strength instead of
straight 2.4.5-T.
2,4,5-T at 2/3 lbl acre in I gal.
diesel oil and water to make 5
gall acre solution. Use pic10ram
+ 2,4,5-T at 2/3-1 lb/acre for
second and third sprayings if
site contains cactus, huisache,
granjeno, twisted acacia, or other
susceptible mixed-brush species.
1ST SPRAYING-2 lbs. 2,4.5- T or
silvex, 1 gal. diesel oil and water
to make 4 gal. solution per acre.
2ND SPRAYING-I-Ph lbs 2,4,5-T
or silvex with water-oil mixture
same as 1st spraying.
1ST SPRAYING-2 lbs. 2.4.5-T. I
gal. diesel oil and water to make
a minimum of 5 gal. solution per
acre.
2ND SPRAYING-PIz-2 lb. 2,4.5-T
with oil water emulsion same as
1st spraying.
11/4 lb. MCPA with 1 gal. diesel
oil and enough water to make 8
gal. solution per acre. Spring
only. with mesquite overstory
use 1 lb. pic10ram + 2,4,5- T, 1
gal. diesel oil + special surfac-
tant and water to make 4 to 5
gal. solution per acre.
liz lb. silvex or 2.4.5-T with 1 gal.
diesel oil and water to make 4
gal. solution per acre.
KIND OF
BRUSH
Limestone
Shinnery Oak
Sand Sage
Brush
Yucca
SIZE OF BRUSH
All growth forms
less than 3 ft. tall
with dense
foliage.
All sizes.
All sizes with no
overstory of
other brush.
METHOD OF
APPLICATION
Foliage spray-swath
widths to insure com-
plete coverage for effec-
tive control. 2 or 3 ap-
plications as necessary,
usually in successive
years.
Foliage spray-swath
widths to insure com-
plete coverage for
effective control.
Foliage spray-swath
widths to insure com-
plete coverage for
effective control.
SEASON OF
APPLICATION
May I-June 15 under good
growth conditions with
plants fully leafed. Do not
spray following late freezes.
May I~une 15 under good
growth conditions with
plants fully leafed.
May IS-June 30
CHEMICAL
MIXTURE·
1 lb. 2.4,5-T with 1 gal. diesel oil
and water to make 4 gal. solu-
tion per acre.
1 lb. 2.4-D low volatile, 1 gal.
diesel oil and water to make 4
gal. solution per acre.
2/3 lb. silvex, 1 gal. diesel oil
and water to make 4 gal. solu-
tion per acre.
Make aerial application concerning sprayer pressure, wind velocity and direction, air temperature, distance to remain from
susceptible crops, and droplet size of spray solution in accordance with Texas Herbicide Regulations administered by Texas De-
partment of Agriculture.
Herbicide use suggestions are based upon: effectiveness of materials; avoiding residues in excess of allowable tolerances;
avoiding toxicity to economic plants, animals and humans; and avoiding detrimental side effects to the environment of the treated
area. Herbicide use rates for Texas are below rates on approved labels usually. The herbicide user is always responsible for the
effects of residues on his own forage crop or livestock as well as for problems caused by drift or movement of the herbicide from his
property to other properties. Should questions arise concerning current label status of any approved herbicide, contact your county
Extension agent or range specialists of the Texas Agricultural Extension Service.
Tolerances for 2,4,S-T and silvex low volatile esters have been extended for rangeland and pasture land use at a maximum
rate for broadcast application of 4 lbs. acid equivalent per application. Tolerance for dicamba amine has been set at 40 ppm that
can remain on forage and be consumed by grazing animals. Do not graze meat animals in freshly treated pastures within 30 days
before slaughter. Forages used for dairy animals have specific time limits for grazing and for hay. Refer to label. Tolerance for
picloram amine has been set at 80 ppm that can remain on forage and be consumed by grazing animals. Do not slaughter meat
animals grazing on treated area within 14 days following application.
FOLLOW DIRECTIONS ON APPROVED LABELS ON THE CONTAINER. IF THESE PRECAUTIONS ARE OBSERVED THERE SHOULD BE
NO DA.NGER OF EXCESS RESIDUES.
'~t l 1 Sf t!:t
Educational programs conducted by the Texas Agricultural Extension Service serve people of all ages regardless of socio-economic
levels, race, color, sex, religion or national origin.
Cooperative Extension Work in Agriculture and Home Economics, The Texas A&M University System and the United States Department
of Agriculture cooperating. Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8, 1914, as amended, and June 30, 1914.
10M-S-73, Revised RM3-1


Brush Management with Chemicals: Aerial Broadcast Application.

OAKTrust Digital Repository (Texas A&M Univ)

L-415BRUSH MANAGEMENT WITH CHEMICALSAerial Broadcast ApplicationG. O. HOFFMAN, EXTENSION RANGE PRUSH & WEED CONTROL SPECIALISTThe Texas A&M University SystemMesquite and other undesirable woody plants have increased and changed the plant r-ompO?1 II ~r 'if qr I.' In' I JV" 11 t"dense brushlands Plant communities can be restored economically to their natural condition wIth rh0m -01 11 d frl<' 'hel[ I 'l! If' 'Lproperly used to improve herbaceous plant cover and forage production. Woody plant control is grealr-r or. \Ipln! I ..: 11, i'; 10 lIil r)II.'than on clay loam soils when herbicides are applied by broadcast methods.KIND OFBRUSHMesquiteTree typeCreeping typePost oakUndesirablehardwoods inestablishedpineWhitebrushSand ShinneryOakSIZE OF BRUSHAll trees orsprouts at least4 ft. tall or more:md 4-6 years oldwith densefoliage.All growth forms-original andsprouts withdense foliage.All sizes. Atleast 4 yr. old.All sizes. Atleast 4 yr. old.All sizes with nooverstory of larg-er brush. Sproutsat least 1 yr. oldand mesquitesprouts at least4 ft. tall.All sizes.METHOD OFAPPLICATIONFoliage, air spray-swath widths adequateto insure complete cov-erage for effectivecontrol.Foliage air spray-swath widths to insurecomplete coverage foreffective control. Usual-ly 2 to 3 applicationsare necessary in suc-cessive years, limitedto South Texas Plains.Foliage spray-swathwidths to insure com-plete coverage for effec-tive control. 2 applica-tions necessary, usuallyin succeeding years.Foliage spray-swathwidths to insure com-plete coverage for effec-tive control. 2 applica-tions necessary.Foliage spray-uniformcoverage in swathwidths to insure com-plete coverage foreffective control.Foliage spray-swathwidths to insure com-plete coverage for effec-tive control. 2 or 3 ap-plications as necessary,usually in successiveyears.SEASON OFAPPLICATIONSpring, under good growthconditions, 40 to 90 daysafter first green growth ap-pears at the bud with darkgreen foliage and soil tem-peratures of over 70°F to be-gin spray operations.Spring, under good growthconditions, 40 to 90 daysafter first green growth ap-pears at the bud.Spring, after leaves becomefull size and before summerdormant period begins.Spring, after leaves becomefull size and before summerdormant period begins.Spring or falL plants fullyleafed and in full bloom.Stop spraying when white-brush begins sheddingflower petals.May I-June 15 under goodgrowth conditions withplants fully leafed. Do notspray following late freezes.CHEMICALMIXTURE2,4,5-T at 112 lb/acre in WestTexas and 1 lbl acre in otherareas in Texas. I gal. diesel oiland water to make 4 to 5 gallacre solution.Pic10ram + 2,4,5-T at 112 lb/acrein West Texas. In other areas ofTexas 1 Ibl acre. Use 1 gal. die-sel oil + special emulsifier andwater to make 4 to 5 gall acresolution for both rates.Dicamba + 2,4,5-T at 112 Ibl acrein West Texas and 1 lbl acre inother areas of Texas. Any timeheavy infestation of ragweed,use dicamba + 2,4,5-T mixtureat either strength instead ofstraight 2.4.5-T.2,4,5-T at 2/3 lbl acre in I gal.diesel oil and water to make 5gall acre solution. Use pic10ram+ 2,4,5-T at 2/3-1 lb/acre forsecond and third sprayings ifsite contains cactus, huisache,granjeno, twisted acacia, or othersusceptible mixed-brush species.1ST SPRAYING-2 lbs. 2,4.5- T orsilvex, 1 gal. diesel oil and waterto make 4 gal. solution per acre.2ND SPRAYING-I-Ph lbs 2,4,5-Tor silvex with water-oil mixturesame as 1st spraying.1ST SPRAYING-2 lbs. 2.4.5-T. Igal. diesel oil and water to makea minimum of 5 gal. solution peracre.2ND SPRAYING-PIz-2 lb. 2,4.5-Twith oil water emulsion same as1st spraying.11/4 lb. MCPA with 1 gal. dieseloil and enough water to make 8gal. solution per acre. Springonly. with mesquite overstoryuse 1 lb. pic10ram + 2,4,5- T, 1gal. diesel oil + special surfac-tant and water to make 4 to 5gal. solution per acre.liz lb. silvex or 2.4.5-T with 1 gal.diesel oil and water to make 4gal. solution per acre.KIND OFBRUSHLimestoneShinnery OakSand SageBrushYuccaSIZE OF BRUSHAll growth formsless than 3 ft. tallwith densefoliage.All sizes.All sizes with nooverstory ofother brush.METHOD OFAPPLICATIONFoliage spray-swathwidths to insure com-plete coverage for effec-tive control. 2 or 3 ap-plications as necessary,usually in successiveyears.Foliage spray-swathwidths to insure com-plete coverage foreffective control.Foliage spray-swathwidths to insure com-plete coverage foreffective control.SEASON OFAPPLICATIONMay I-June 15 under goodgrowth conditions withplants fully leafed. Do notspray following late freezes.May I~une 15 under goodgrowth conditions withplants fully leafed.May IS-June 30CHEMICALMIXTURE·1 lb. 2.4,5-T with 1 gal. diesel oiland water to make 4 gal. solu-tion per acre.1 lb. 2.4-D low volatile, 1 gal.diesel oil and water to make 4gal. solution per acre.2/3 lb. silvex, 1 gal. diesel oiland water to make 4 gal. solu-tion per acre.Make aerial application concerning sprayer pressure, wind velocity and direction, air temperature, distance to remain fromsusceptible crops, and droplet size of spray solution in accordance with Texas Herbicide Regulations administered by Texas De-partment of Agriculture.Herbicide use suggestions are based upon: effectiveness of materials; avoiding residues in excess of allowable tolerances;avoiding toxicity to economic plants, animals and humans; and avoiding detrimental side effects to the environment of the treatedarea. Herbicide use rates for Texas are below rates on approved labels usually. The herbicide user is always responsible for theeffects of residues on his own forage crop or livestock as well as for problems caused by drift or movement of the herbicide from hisproperty to other properties. Should questions arise concerning current label status of any approved herbicide, contact your countyExtension agent or range specialists of the Texas Agricultural Extension Service.Tolerances for 2,4,S-T and silvex low volatile esters have been extended for rangeland and pasture land use at a maximumrate for broadcast application of 4 lbs. acid equivalent per application. Tolerance for dicamba amine has been set at 40 ppm thatcan remain on forage and be consumed by grazing animals. Do not graze meat animals in freshly treated pastures within 30 daysbefore slaughter. Forages used for dairy animals have specific time limits for grazing and for hay. Refer to label. Tolerance forpicloram amine has been set at 80 ppm that can remain on forage and be consumed by grazing animals. Do not slaughter meatanimals grazing on treated area within 14 days following application.FOLLOW DIRECTIONS ON APPROVED LABELS ON THE CONTAINER. IF THESE PRECAUTIONS ARE OBSERVED THERE SHOULD BENO DA.NGER OF EXCESS RESIDUES.'~t l 1 Sf t!:tEducational programs conducted by the Texas Agricultural Extension Service serve people of all ages regardless of socio-economiclevels, race, color, sex, religion or national origin.Cooperative Extension Work in Agriculture and Home Economics, The Texas A&M University System and the United States Departmentof Agriculture cooperating. Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8, 1914, as amended, and June 30, 1914.10M-S-73, Revised RM3-1

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Brush Management with Chemicals: Aerial Broadcast Application.

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