Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus

Goopy, John P.

Merbold, Lutz

Pelster, David E.

CGSpace

Importance of developing regional greenhouse gas emission factorsDavid E. Pelster, John Goopy, Lutz Merbold and Klaus Butterbach-BahlGreenhouse Gas Inventory Roundtable Meeting ILRI, Nairobi, 3-4 May 2016How do we calculate the emissions?From FAO. Global Livestock Environmental Accounting Model (GLEAM) How do we calculate the emissions?From Opio et al. 2013. Greenhouse gas emissions from ruminant supply chainsRichards et al. in prepWhy we need empirical studies0	200	400	600	800	1000	0	 200	 400	 600	 800	 1,000	Predicted	CO2e	kg/ha	Measured	CO2e	kg/ha	Maize	Zimbabwe	Maize	China	Maize	Tanzania	Tea	Kenya	Vegetables	Kenya	or	Tanzania	Measured (CO2e kg ha-1 season-1) Predicted by CFT (CO2e kg ha-1season-1) Prediction error for smallholder cropping systems Models likely using incorrect emission factorsHickman et al. 2014Why are the emission factors incorrect?• Limited dataset•Models use emission factors from other regions•These other regions have different climate / soils / management / animal breeds, etcWhat do the preliminary data look like?From livestock manure on rangelands:• N2O • IPCC estimates: 2% of grazing cattle manure N • Preliminary data => between 10 and 40% of IPCC (EF from 0.2 to 0.8%)• CH4• Between 9 and 25% of IPCC emission factors Pelster et al. 2016From cropping systems:• N2O • IPCC estimates: 1% of applied N • Preliminary data => between 1 and 10% of IPCC estimates (0.01 and 0.1% of applied N) (Hickman et al. 2015); or• Low fertilizer application rates resulted in no noticeable increase in N2O emissions (Rosenstock et al. 2016; Pelster et al. 2016)• An on-going study in sugar cane has similar resultsWhy is this important?• National inventories for IPCC• Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) • LEDs• Financing• Verification. i.e. Is “climate smart agriculture” really climate smart?“Climate Smart Agriculture”• No-till (or conservation tillage) is often promoted as a “climate smart practice”• There are current projects that promote no-till to improve maize yields and sequester carbonRusinamhodzi et al. 2011. Agronomy Sust. Developm.“Climate Smart Agriculture”• No-till (or conservation tillage) is often promoted as a “climate smart practice”• There are current projects that promote no-till to improve maize yields and sequester carbon• But…. Do they truly mitigate climate change?• Need to understand and account for the local conditionsSix et al. 2002. AgronomieAngers and Eriksen-Hamel 2008. SSSAJPoirier et al. 2009. SSSAJTargeting development strategies to reduce emissions?From Opio et al. 2013. Greenhouse gas emissions from ruminant supply chainsThe presentation has a Creative Commons licence. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI.better lives through livestockilri.orgFor more information contact:dpelster@cgiar.org

Importance of developing regional greenhouse gas emission factors

https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/10568/76540/1/ghg_pelster_may2016.pdf

Importance of developing regional greenhouse gas emission factors

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