Chataika, Bartholomew Y.E.

Chikowo, Regis

Chirwa, Rowland

Desta, L.

Magreta, R.

Mponela, P.

Ndengu, G.

Tamene, Lulseged D.

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1. IntroductionCommon bean is the cheapest source of proteins for the rural poor who cannot afford to buy meat in Sub Saharan Africa. However, in Malawi, the  average productivity over the last ten years stands at less than 0.5 Mg ha-1 despite having the potential of 2 Mg ha-1 under proper management and use of good seed. The study was initiated to demonstrate the effect of different management options on the yield of climbing and bush bean genotypes grown under smallholder farming systems.Participatory Yield Assessment of Climbing and Bush Beans under Different Management Options in MalawiChataika B., Ndengu G., Mponela P., Magreta R., Desta L., Chirwa R. and Chikowo R.International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Chitedze Research Station, Box 158, Lilongwe, MalawiCommon bean seed genotypes used during the studyMap of central Malawi showing Study Sites4. ConclusionBean varieties responded significantly different to management options. DC86-263 (climber) produced the highest seed yield under maize + NPK + manure cropping system whereas MBC33 did well in pure stand under stick stakes + manure application.In bush bean, SER45 had the highest seed yield under unfertilized maize-bean intercrop, while SER83 was responsive to manure application. Figure 1: Yield response of climbing bean varieties under different management options at Kandeu (Mgha-1)3. ResultsManagement OptionsSeed Yield Mgha-1 100 Seed Wt (g)SER45 SER83 SER45 SER83Bean+MaizeUnfertilized 1.076a 0.517cd 26 31Bean+Maize+Manure 0.359cd 0.897ab 30 29Bean +Maize +NPK+Manure0.206d 0.884ab 34 26Bean + Maize +NPK 0.593bc 0.354c 33 30Genotype mean 0.567 0.636 34 29LSD0.001 (Genotype x Management option)0.356CV% 35Table 1: Yield performance of bush beans in Linthipe extension planning areaSER45 performed better under maize without fertilizer, while SER83 did well with addition of manure in maize intercrop system indicating that SER varieties respond differently to soil fertility amendments.Figure 2a and b: Relative performance of both maize and climbing beans under different management options (Mgha-1)• DC86-263 performed wellunder maize intercrop withthe use of NPK only orNPK+ Manure (Fig. 1).Maize yield followedsimilar trend (Fig. 2a).• MBC33 produced thehighest yield in pure standwhere stick stakes andmanure were used (Fig.1). Maize yields werehighest under bean-maizeintercrop when eithermanure, NPK or theircombination was used(Fig. 2a and b).• Intercropping waspreferred by farmersbecause of the overallhigh yield from both cropsin association.5. AcknowledgementWe acknowledge USAID for funding the project. Malawi Government and all other partners are also acknowledged for supporting its implementation.2. MethodologyMaize-legume intensification trials were undertaken in the Linthipe and KandeuExtension Planning Areas (EPAs) respectively in Dedza and Ntcheu districts, in the2013/14 cropping season. Linthipe is a medium altitude sub-humid site (1200 – 1300masl), while Kandeu is a low altitude semi-arid site (900 – 950 masl). The trials were laidout in split-plot design. The bean varieties, of bush or climbing growth habits were themain plots while management options were sub-plots. Trials were replicated three times.The climbing bean varieties were DC86-263 and MBC33 whereas the bush bean varietieswere SER45 and SER83. Maize seed (DK8033) was used in maize-bean intercroptreatments. Management options included: mono-cropping maize or bean, bean intercropwith maize or pigeon peas, chicken manure application (two handfuls per plantingstation), inorganic fertilizer application (92kgNha-1 using 23:21:0+4S), and a combinationof manure and fertilizer. The staking options for climbing bean fields were stick stakes,live maize crop or pigeon pea plants. Data was collected on 4.5 m2 net plot and samplesof grains dried at 65oC constant temperature to determine yield on dry matter basis.Farmer participatory selection of the management options was also conducted at bothsites. Analysis of variance was carried out using Genstat package, 16th Edition.P = 0.005CV% = 50.9An intercrop of climbing bean and maize Heavy climbing bean staked with sticksA young crop: An intercrop of bush bean and maize00.511.522.53Seed yield in Mg ha-1Management optionsDC86-263MBC330123456789Seed yield in Mgha-1Management optionsDC86-263DK803301234567Seed yield in Mgha-1Management optionsMBC33DK8033a b

Participatory yield assessment of climbing and bush beans under different management options in Malawi

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Participatory yield assessment of climbing and bush beans under different management options in Malawi

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