Azzarri, Carlo

Comanescu, M.

Haile, Beliyou

Roberts, C.

Zhe Guo

CGSpace

Characterizing adopters of sustainable intensification innovations: Evidence from the Africa RISING (AR) program in Malawi and Tanzania   Beliyou Haile (b.haile@cgiar.org), Carlo Azzarri, Cleo Roberts, Zhe Guo and Maria Comanescu  International Conference on Integrated Systems Research,  March 3-6, 2015, Ibadan, Nigeria EconomicHumanEnvironmentalSocialProductivity-.250.25.5AR-beneficiary Non-beneficiaryControl Babati-IEBabati• Our findings highlight the need to rethink targeting criteria for AR and other participatory systems-based sustainable intensification innovations, something that could potentially bear serious implications upon scaling up.  • Not only could adoption rates of agricultural innovations be lower than expected, but final outputs and outcomes may prove unsatisfactory when scaled up to the broader population -less endowed than the targeted farmers-.   EconomicHumanEnvironmentalSocialProductivity0.2AR-beneficiary Non-beneficiary ControlDedza and NtcheuEconomic = HH expenditure/wealth; Human = education; Environmental = Soil type, Social =market access, Productivity =maize yield • AR target villages seem to differ from non-target villages along some biophysical and economic dimensions, such as access to market and agricultural extension services.  • Similarly, beneficiaries in both countries seem to differ from non-beneficiaries along several dimensions. The former show better education, larger family size, higher farm size, more durable assets, greater likelihood to own livestock, and have better quality housing • Beneficiaries also use more agricultural inputs, are more likely to practice intercropping, and obtain higher yields in the last harvesting season.  4. Results 5. Conclusions 1. Objective • Compare beneficiaries of AR1 agricultural technology innovations with randomly selected non-beneficiaries and control households in Malawi and Tanzania, using geographic information systems and baseline household survey data. • Conduct targeting analysis to inform and support future farmers’ selection, based on statistical methods. 2. Methodology  • Three groups of households are compared: beneficiaries, non-beneficiaries in targeted villages, and non-beneficiaries in non-targeted villages (in the same agricultural potential area of targeted villages, but sufficiently far from target villages to avoid contamination).   • Descriptive statistics are complemented with inferential analysis using multivariate regression techniques (not shown here). 3A. Descriptive – Household level summary    (Malawi –left panel-; Tanzania –right panel-) 3B. Descriptive – Community level summary  (Malawi –left table and radar- and Tanzania –right table and radar-) *p<0.10, **<0.05; ***<0.001 1 Africa RISING is a research-for-development program that aims to create opportunities for smallholder farmers to move out of hunger and poverty through sustainable intensification of their farming systems *p<0.10, **<0.05; ***<0.001 AR villagesNon-AR villages1 vs 2(1) (2) (3)LGP(date) 162.5 161.8Slope(degree) 1.35 1.00Mkt access(Minutes travelled to nearest 50K) 235.5 182.9 **PopDen(# per sqkm) 198.6 332.1 ***Rainfall(mm) 937.3 919.4 ***Temp(Celsius*10) 212 209.9% of villages in tropic_warm/semiarid aez 0.85 0.75Access to basic services index 0.075 -0.043% of villages w/ extension services 0.96 0.68 ***% of villages w/ veterinary services 0.48 0.71 *% of villages w/ primary livestock market 0.28 0.18% of villages w/ farmers cooperative groups 0.85 0.46 ***% of villages w/ access to improved maize seed 0.46 0.43Observations 26 28 54AR villagesNon-AR villages1 vs 2(1) (2) (3)LGP(date) 177.9 175.6Slope(degree) 2.80 1.87Mkt access(Minutes travelled to nearest 50K) 130.4 186.1PopDen(# per sqkm) 35.3 31.4Rainfall(mm) 761.1 754.6Temp(Celsius*10) 201 197.6% in tropic_warm/semiarid aez 0.45 0.57Access to basic services index 0.12 -0.048% of villages w/ extension services 1 1% of villages w/ veterinary services 0.57 0.39% of villages w/ primary livestock market 0.71 0.67% of villages w/ farmers cooperative groups 0.29 0.33% of villages w/ access to improved maize seed 1 0.72Observations 7 18 25*p<0.10, **<0.05; ***<0.001 AR beneficiaryNonBeneficiaryControl Babati IE 1 vs 2 1 vs 3 1 vs 2(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)Household(hh) size 7.41 5.96 5.43 6.22 *** *** ***Avg adult yrs of education 7.97 7.49 7.09 7.72 * *** *% of hh w/ female head 0.088 0.13 0.17 0.11 **Total wealth index 0.59 0.069 -0.27 0.021 *** *** ***Total value of animals owned(TSH)('000) 2354.0 1058.2 1806.0 1709.9 *** ***Tropical livestock units-total 4.57 2.50 4.24 3.14 *** ***Per capita land operated(ha) 0.26 0.49 0.59 0.27 *** *** ***% of hhs with closest parcel <15 minutes(one way) 0.90 0.61 0.60 0.81 *** *** ***Average travel time to seed supplier(minute&oneway) 41.2 32.0 66.1 53.0 ** *** **% of hhs practicing intercropping 0.91 0.79 0.62 0.94 ** *** **% of hhs using irrigation 0.020 0.0096 0.023 0.032***% of hhs using manure 0.77 0.41 0.37 0.71 *** *** ***% of hhs using improved variety:maize 0.92 0.42 0.37 0.85 *** *** ***Yield of maize(kg/ha) 2704.6 1431.8 1323.9 2538.5 *** *** ***Observations 102 104 265 317 206 367 206 AR beneficiaryNon-BeneficiaryControl 1 vs 2 1 vs 3 2 vs 3(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)Household (hh) size 4.95 4.58 4.59 ** ***Avg. adult yrs of education 5.21 4.53 4.73 *** ***% of hh w/ female head 0.27 0.35 0.34 * **Total wealth index 0.20 -0.10 -0.11 *** ***Total value of animals owned(MWK)('000) 63.6 36.7 24.0 ** *** **Tropical livestock units-total 0.46 0.29 0.21 *** *** **Per capita land operated(ha) 0.28 0.24 0.23 ** ***% of hhs with closest parcel <15 minutes(one way) 0.75 0.57 0.54 *** ***Average travel time to seed supplier(minute&oneway) 43.2 42.5 38.9Amount of fertilizer used(kg) 118.2 87.3 80.2 *** ***Total person-days used(incl. communal labor) 327.2 253.2 228.5 *** ***Value of all crops harvested(MWK)('000) 203.5 155.4 125.5 ** *** *Value of AR target crops harvested(MWK)('000) 131.3 110.2 85.7 *** *** ***% of hhs using improved variety:maize 0.87 0.63 0.62 *** ***Yield of maize(kg/ha) 2389.8 2332.5 1828.7 *** ***% of hhs practicing intercropping 0.82 0.86 0.68 *** ***% of hhs using irrigation: rainy season 0.010 0.0049 0.0074% of hhs using manure on (any) plot in either season 0.68 0.57 0.43 *** *** ***Observations 398 205 539 603 937 744

Characterizing adopters of sustainable intensification innovations: Evidence from the Africa RISING (AR) program in Malawi and Tanzania

https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/10568/59805/1/esa_ifpri_poster_mar2015.pdf

Characterizing adopters of sustainable intensification innovations: Evidence from the Africa RISING (AR) program in Malawi and Tanzania

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