Agwanda, B.

Akoko, James M.

Bronsvoort, B.M. de C.

Cook, Elizabeth A.J.

Dobson, E.

Fèvre, Eric M.

Kemp, Stephen J.

Kiyong'a, A.

Ogendo, A.

CGSpace

 Emerging Zoonoses Bats and rodents as a source of emerging human disease in Kenya E. Cook1,2, E. Dobson2, A. Kiyonga2, J. Akoko2, A. Ogendo3, M. Bronsvoort4, S. Kemp2, B. Agwanda5 and E. Fèvre1,2   Bats and rodents are the most numerous and widely distributed mammal groups globally  Bats are reservoirs of highly pathogenic organisms: Nipah, Hendra, Lyssavirus  Rodents are long recognised reservoirs of zoonotic disease:  Leptospira sp, Yersinia sp Background Materials and methods 1Centre for Infectious Diseases and Centre for Immunity,  Infection and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, West Mains Rd, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT UK 2International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Old Naivasha Road, PO Box, 30709-00100,  Nairobi, Kenya 4Epidemiology, Economics and Risk Assessment Group, The Roslin Institute,  University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, EH25 9RG, UK 5National Museums of Kenya PO Box 40658, 00100, Nairobi, Kenya Study site Randomly selected households within 45km radius from Busia, Kenya   Sampling procedure Capture animals—bats in mist nets,       rodents in Sherman traps Anaesthetise Draw heart blood Euthanase Necropsy Samples collected Fresh tissues (frozen) Fixed tissues Serum Whole blood Faeces  Sample analysis  Blood smear exam  PCR tissues and sequence for zoonotic patho-gens  Histopathology of fixed tissues We would like to thank the MRC, Wellcome Trust, ILRI and the University of Edinburgh for supporting this work  Fig 2 A&B Haemosporidia sp; C Trypanosoma sp from Scotoecus; D Trypanosoma sp from Rattus  Conclusions and Future plans  Three previously undescribed parasite species identified in Kenyan wildlife  Planned characterisation and speciation of parasites March 2013  PCR & Next-Generation sequencing of tissues for novel pathogens (April-July 2013)  Histologic exam of fixed tissues to determine pathology (April-July 2013) A B C D Results—to date Figure 1 Map indicating location and number of species caught in study area  Key findings 5/8 Epomophorus gambianus positive for Haemosporidia sp  2/8 Scotoecus sp positive for Trypanosoma sp  2/22 Rattus rattus positive for Trypanosoma sp 3Department of Veterinary Services  PO BOX 222 Nambale Kemya Justification Next emerging disease likely to come from wildlife Objective Screen bats and rodents for zoonotic pathogens 

Bats and rodents as a source of emerging human disease in Kenya

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Bats and rodents as a source of emerging human disease in Kenya

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