Se realiz\uf3 una investigaci\uf3n descriptiva transversal para determinar los factores de riesgo y complicaciones obst\ue9tricas-perinatales en embarazadas con ruptura prematura de membranas (RPM) atendidas en la Emergencia Obst\ue9trica del Hospital Universitario "Dr. Miguel Ora\ue1" de Guanare estado Portuguesa. 445 registros de historias cl\uednicas de embarazadas con RPM representaron la poblaci\uf3n, de \ue9stas 206 conformaron la muestra, estimada por muestreo probabil\uedstico con dise\uf1o aleatorio simple. Entre los resultados se reportaron como factores de riesgos en las embarazadas con RPM: 74% tiene edades entre 15 a 25 a\uf1o; 53% eran primigestas; 38% refirieron antecedentes prenatales (de ITU, infecciones vaginales y RPM anteriormente); 70% manifestaron tener m\ue1s de 37 semanas de gestaci\uf3n; 43% presentaron un tiempo entre 1 a 7 horas transcurridas de la RPM. El parto dist\uf3cico y reci\ue9n nacido pretermino fueron las mayores (23%) complicaciones. Los resultados servir\ue1n para orientar la producci\uf3n de un protocolo de tratamiento en mujeres embarazadas con RPM, a fin de disponer de informaci\uf3n v\ue1lida, confiable y oportuna que ofrezca una atenci\uf3n obst\ue9trica-perinatal de calidad fundamentada en estrategias que permitan abordar los factores de riesgos y las complicaciones de la madre y el ni\uf1o.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Factores de riesgos. Complicaciones obst\ue9tricas-perinatales. Ruptura prematura de membrana.
ABSTRACT
A transversal descriptive investigation was conducted to determine the risk factors and obstetric and perinatal complications in pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) seeing at the Obstetric Emergency of University Hospital "Dr. Miguel Ora\ue1". 445 medical charts records of pregnant women with RPM represented the population, out of those 206formed the sample, estimated by probability sampling wit simple random design. Among the results were reported as risk factors in pregnant women with RPM: 74% are ages 15 to 25 years; 53% were primiparous; 38% reported prenatal history (UTI, vaginal infections and previous RPM); 70% reported having more than 37 weeks of gestation; 43% had a time between 1 to 7 hours spent after RPM. The dystocia delivery and preterm infants were the majority of complications (23%). The results will serve to guide the production of a treatment protocol in pregnant women with RPM, in order to get valid, reliable and timely information that provides obstetric and perinatal quality care based on strategies that allow addressing risk factors and complications of mother and child.
KEY WORDS: Risk factors. Obstetric and perinatal complications. Premature rupture of membrane.<br
