EFICACIA ANALG\uc9SICA POSTOPERATORIA DE PARACETAMOL VERSUS METAMIZOL EN PACIENTES SOMETIDAS A CES\uc1REA SEGMENTARIA. HOSPITAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITARIO DR. "ANTONIO MAR\ucdA PINEDA"

Abstract

El manejo inadecuado del dolor postoperatorio en postces\ue1rea, puede afectar de forma significativa el bienestar de la madre y el neonato. Por esta raz\uf3n, se realiz\uf3 un estudio tipo ensayo cl\uednico controlado simple ciego, con el objetivo de determinar la eficacia analg\ue9sica postoperatoria del Paracetamol versus Metamizol en pacientes sometidas a ces\ue1rea segmentaria que asistieron al Servicio de Emergencias Obst\ue9tricas del Hospital Central Universitario Dr. "Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda", durante el lapso agosto-septiembre 2015, obteniendo una muestra de 80 pacientes, distribuida aleatoriamente en 2 grupos; grupo Paracetamol (1gr) y grupo Metamizol (2 gr). Adem\ue1s, se caracterizaron por un edad promedio de 29,12\ub15,14 versus 28,61\ub14,39 a\uf1os, con predominio de embarazos a t\ue9rmino (87,5% versus 85%) y cuya principal indicaci\uf3n fue ces\ue1rea anterior (27,5% versus 32,5%). A su vez, los valores de EVA en ambos grupos fueron similares, excepto a las 4 horas donde 95,5% fue dolor leve en el grupo Paracetamol y 52,5% dolor moderado en el grupo Metamizol; tambi\ue9n, el primer grupo no amerit\uf3 analgesia de rescate y 2,5% del segundo grupo si, recibiendo morfina (2 mgr). Los efectos adversos fueron escasos, 2,5% con rash cut\ue1neo en el grupo paracetamol y 10% por n\ue1useas en el grupo Metamizol. Se concluye, que ambos f\ue1rmacos son seguros y eficaces, aunque el paracetamol muestra menores efectos adversos y no requiere de dosis de rescate en pacientes sometidas a ces\ue1rea segmentaria; de esta manera, se logra contar con un f\ue1rmaco que permita brindar mayor confort para la paciente obst\ue9trica. PALABRAS CLAVE: Ces\ue1rea segmentaria. Analgesia postoperatoria. Paracetamol. Metamizol. ABSTRACT Inadequate management of postoperative pain after a cesarean surgery can significantly affect the welfare of the mother and newborn. For this reason, a type single-blind controlled clinical trial study was conducted in order to determine the postoperative analgesic efficacy of paracetamol versus Metamizol in patients subjected to caesarean section who attended the Emergency Obstetric Service of the Central University Hospital Dr. "Antonio Maria Pineda" during the period August-Sep tember 2015, obtaining a sample of 80 patients, randomly distributed into 2 groups; Paracetamol group (1g) and Metamizol group (2 g). In addition, they are characterized by an average age of 29.12 \ub1 5.14 versus 28.61 \ub1 4.39 years, with a predominance of term pregnancies (87.5% versus 85%) and whose main indication was previous caesarean section (27 5% versus 32.5%). At the same time, EVA values ??in both groups were similar except at 4 hours where 95.5% was mild pain Paracetamol group and 52.5% in moderate pain Metamizol group. Also, the first group merited no rescue analgesia and 2.5% in the second group did require morphine (2 mgr). Adverse effects were rare, 2.5% had a rash in the Paracetamol group and 10% experimented nausea in Metamizol group. In conclusion, both drugs are safe and effective, although paracetamol shows fewer side effects and does not require rescue doses in patients undergoing caesarean section; therefore, it was achieved to have a drug that allows providing greater comfort for the obstetric patient. KEY WORDS: Caesarean section. Postoperative analgesia. Paracetamol. Metamizol.<br