Se propone una actualización de los géneros italianos de la tribu Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae). Cuatro géneros (dos nativos y dos alóctonos) son novedadeas para la flora de Italia. Se indican sus nombres correctos, protólogos, principales sinónimos, comparación con los géneros afines y la lista de las especies italianas (se incluye la distribución regional). Se incluye también el catálogo de géneros y especies italianas de Gnaphalieae.The checklist of the Gnaphalieae genera (Asteraceae) occurring in Italy is updated. Four genera (two native and two exotic) are new for the flora of Italy. Their accepted names, references, main synonyms, comparison with related genera and the list of the Italian species (including the distribution at regional level) are provided. The complete list (genera and species) of Italian Gnaphalieae is also given

Iamonico, D.

idUS. Depósito de Investigación Universidad de Sevilla

Lagacalia 32, 2012 261UPDATING TO THE CHECKLIST OF THE ITALIAN VASCULAR FLORA: ASTERACEAE, GNAPHALIEAED. IamonicoDepartment of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piaz-zale A. Moro 5, 00085 - Rome, Italy – d.iamonico@yahoo.it(Recibido el 8 de Octubre de 2012)Resumen. Se propone una actualización de los géneros italianos de la tribu Gnapha-lieae (Asteraceae). Cuatro géneros (dos nativos y dos alóctonos) son novedadeas para la flora de Italia. Se indican sus nombres correctos, protólogos, principales sinónimos, comparación con los géneros afines y la lista de las especies italianas (se incluye la distribución regional). Se incluye también el catálogo de géneros y especies italianas de Gnaphalieae.Palabras clave: Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae, flora vascular, Italia.Summary. The checklist of the Gnaphalieae genera (Asteraceae) occurring in Italy is updated. Four genera (two native and two exotic) are new for the flora of Italy. Their accepted names, references, main synonyms, comparison with related genera and the list of the Italian species (including the distribution at regional level) are provided. The complete list (genera and species) of Italian Gnaphalieae is also given.Key words: Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae, vascular flora, Italy.INTRODUCTIONThe Italian Flora includes 149 genera of Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl., nom. cons., nom. alt. (= Composite Giseke, nom. cons.), of which 2 are endemic, while 23 comprise only exotic species (Peruzzi, 2010). At genus level, the Asteraceae is the first richest family in Italy.The Tribe Gnaphalieae Cass. ex Lecoq. & Juill. consists of 11 genera in Italy (see Peruzzi, 2010). However, according to the current concepts (Greu-ter, 2006-2009; Galbany-Casals & al., 2010) new taxa have to be added to the Italian flora.As part of the collaboration in the revision of the Asteraceae for the New Flora of Italy (editor Prof. S. Pignatti), we here propose an updating to the Ital-ian Gnaphalieae (on the basis of Peruzzi, 2010) also including the complete list of the Italian genera and species of this tribe (Table 1).scalia 32: 261-268 (2012)262[Anaphalis DC.] [A. margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. f.]Antennaria Gaertn. A. carpathica (Wahlenb.) Bluff et FingerhA. dioica (L.) Gaertn.Bombycilaena (DC.) Smoljan. B. erecta (L.) Smoljan.B. discolor (Pers.) M. LainzCastroviejoa Mill.C. frigida (Labill.) Galbany, L.Sáez & BenedíC. montelinasana (Em. Schmid) Galbany, L.Sáez & BenedíFilago L.F. arvensis L.F. congesta DC.F. discolor (DC.) Andrés-Sánchez et GalbanyF. tyrrhenica Chrtek et Holub ex Soldano et F. Conti1F. asterisciflora (Lam.) Pers. (preliminary accepted by Greuter, 2006-2009)F. carpetana (Lange) Chrtek et Holub (preliminary accepted by Greuter, 2006-2009)F. pygmaea L.2F. eriocephala Guss.F. germanica (L.) Huds.F. lutescens Jord.F. pyramidata L.[Gamochaeta Wedd.]= Gnaphalium sect. Gamochaeta (Wedd.) Hoffm.= Gnaphalium subg. Gamochaeta (Wedd.) Grenier[G. americana (Mill.) Wedd. ][G. antillana (Urb.) Anderb. ][G. pensylvanica (Willd.) Cabrera][G. purpurea (L.) Cabrera]Gnaphalium L.= Omalotheca Cass.= Filaginella OpizG. diminutum Br-Bl.G. hoppeanum W. D. J. Koch G. norvegicum Gunnerus G. supinum L.G. sylvaticum L.G. uliginosum L.Helichrysum Mill.H. italicum (Roth) G. DonH. litoreum Guss.3H. archimedeum C. Brullo et Brullo (not reported by Greuter, 2006-2009)H. barrelieri (Ten.) Greuter (accepted as subspecies of H. stoechas in Greuter, 2006-2009)H. hyblaeum Brullo (preliminary accepted by Greuter, 2006-2009)H. stoechas (L.) Moench4H. errerae Tineo H. nebrodense Heldr. (preliminary accepted by Greuter, 2006-2009)H. panormitanum Guss.H. pendulum (C. Presl.) C. Presl.H. saxatile MorisTable 1. The Italian genera and species of Gnaphalieae (alphabetical order). Accepted names are in italics-bold-face type, their synonyms in regular italics. Bracketed names are of xenophytic genera and species. Species complexes are highlighted in light grey. Taxonomically doubtful species are underlined.Updating to the checklist of the Italian vascular flora: Asteraceae,...Lagacalia 32, 2012 263MATERIAL AND METHODSThe nomenclature mainly follows Greuter (2008, 2006-2009). Specific literature is also analyzed.Examination of the specimens kept in the Herbaria B, K, WU, RO and LINN allows to verify the diagnostic characters of the genera here studied.The taxa are listed in alphabetical order. For each genus are reported: exotic status [the letter “A” (= alien) is added to the left of the name for the xenophytic taxa], reference to the protologue, synonyms, notes on the related genera, list of the Italian species and subspecies with the regions (abbreviations according to Conti & al., 2005) in which the taxa are recorded [the regional presences follow Conti & al. (2005, 2007) for the autochthonous species and Celesti-Grapow & al. (2009, 2010) for the allochthonous species; if no regions are indicated, it means that the taxon was not reported by Pignatti (1982), Conti & al. (2005, 2007) and Celesti-Grapow & al. (2009, 2010) and the distribu-tion in Italy is to verify].Laphangium (Hilliard et B. L. Burtt.) Tzvelev L. luteoalbum (L.) TzvelevLogfia Cass.L. gallica (L.) Coss.L. heteranthera (Raf.) Holub L. lojaconoi (Brullo) C. Brullo et BrulloL. minima (Sm.) DumortL. neglecta (Soy.-Will.) HolubLeontopodium Cass. L. alpinum Cass.L. nivale (Ten.) Hand.-Mazz.Micropus L. M. supinus L.Pseudognaphalion Kirp. P. undulatum (L.) Hilliard. et B. L. Burtt.Phagnalon Cass.Ph. saxatile (L.) Cass.Ph. sordidum (L.) Rchb.5P. metlesicsii Pignatti (accepted as synonym of P. rupestre in Greuter, 2006-2009)P. rupestre (L.) DC.[Xerochrysum Tzvelev]= Bracteantha Andreb. et Hegi [X. bracteatum (Vent.) Tzvelev]1. The “F. pygmaea aggregate” according Greuter (2008, 2006-2009).2. The “F. germanica aggregate” according Greuter (2008, 2006-2009).3. The “H. stoechas aggregate” according Greuter (2006-2009).4. The “H. pendulum aggregate” according Greuter (2006-2009).5. The “P. rupestre aggregate” according Greuter (2006-2009).Table 1. Continuation.264LIST OF THE TAXAA Anaphalis DC., Prodr. 6: 271. 1838Anaphalis is the largest Asian genus in the tribe Gnaphalieae with the great-est diversity center in the Eastern Himalayans and includes about 110 species (Nie & al., 2012). The same authors show a weakly supported monophyly of Anaphalis and a clear nesting with Helichrysum L. (in particular the Mediter-ranean–Asian group). Two species (aliens) are recorded in Europe [A. margari-tacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. f. and A. triplinervis (Sims) C. B. Clarke], of which one (A. margaritacea) is indicated for Italy (Northern and Central areas) as naturalized (Zangheri, 1976; Greuter, 2006-2009). Conti & al. (2005, 2007) and Celesti-Grapow & al., (2009, 2010) have not reported it.From the morphological point of view, Anaphalis is similar to Helichrysum, Pseudognaphalium Kirp., Xerochrysum Tzvelev and Gnaphalium L. on the basis of the inflorescence and fruits characters. A diagnostic key follows:1. Phyllaries brown or hyaline, inconspicuous .............................Gnaphalium1. Phyllaries white, yellow, pink, or reddish, conspicuous ............................ 22. Achenes and pappi dimorphics: achenes of the female florets present and well developed (oblong or subrounded, with glandular hairs or mammilla or almost glabrous in predominantly female capitula) with pappus filiform and almost smooth or slightly scabrid at tip; achenes of the male florets vestigial (usually absent in predominantly male capitula) with pappus not filiform, scabrid, pinnate-incrassate at tip of apex .......................Anaphalis2. Achenes and pappi monomorphic: achenes oblong, glabrous or with short to long hairs, smooth with pappus of capillary bristles (sometimes subplu-mose)  ............................... Pseudognaphalium, Xerochrysum, HelichrysumList of the italian taxa:1. A. margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. f. [Gnaphalium margaritaceum L. ≡ Antennaria margaritacea (L.) Sweet]Logfia Cass., Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris: 143. 1819Recent molecular studies on the Filago group (Galbany-Casals & al., 2010) show that Logfia can be considered a indipendent genus, with exception of L. arvensis L. that is clearly placed within the “true Filago” (Filago L. s.s.). This result supports the previous proposal by Anderberg (1991). According to these authors, an analytic key of Filago L. and Logfia is following [terminology according to Galbany-Casals & al. (2010) and Morefield (1992)]:Updating to the checklist of the Italian vascular flora: Asteraceae,...Lagacalia 32, 2012 2651. Capitula solitary or in small cluster; phyllaries 5; external receptacular paleae obtuse to acute, coriaceous in fruit, deeply enclosing the female flowers; corolla of the external female flowers slightly attached to the fruit; achene oblong ................................................................................................ Logfia1. Capitula usually in dense cluster (few capitula in F. arvensis); phyllaries mostly absent (present only in F. arvensis); external receptacular paleae acute to bristle-tipped, scarious in fruit, subtending the female flower (slightly enclosing the female flowers in F. arvensis); corolla of the external female flowers terminally attached to the fruit; achene reniform ..................FilagoList of the italian taxa:1. L. gallica (L.) Coss. [≡ Gnaphalium gallicum L., nom. altern. ≡ Filago gal-lica L., nom. altern. ≡ Oglifa gallica (L.) Chrtek et Holub]. Regions: all regions (old recorded in VDA) except FVG;2. L. heteranthera (Raf.) Holub [≡ Gnaphalium heteranthum Raf. ≡ Oglifa heterantha (Raf.) Pignatti ≡ Filago hetranthera Raf. = F. cupaniana (DC.) Parl.]. Regions: BAS, CAL, SIC, SAR. Fiori (1927) also indicated F. heteranthera in “Allumiere” (Lazio region, Central Italy), but the recent regional flora (Anzalone & al., 2010) has not reported this reference: it can be considered doubt for Lazio;3. L. lojaconoi (Brullo) C. Brullo & Brullo [≡ Oglifa lojaconoi Brullo ≡ F. lojaconoi (Brullo) Greuter = Filago cossyrensis Tineo ex Lojac. 1903, non Lojac. 1885]. Regions: SIC;4. L. minima (Sm.) Dumort [≡Gnaphalium minimum Sm. ≡ Filago minima (Sm.) Pers. ≡ Oglifa minima (Sm.) Rchb.]. Regions: TAA, VEN, LOM, PIE, VDA, LIG, EMR, TOS, UMB, MAR, CAL, SIC; old recorded in FVG and LAZ;5. L. neglecta (Soy.-Will.) Holub [≡ Gnaphalium neglectum Soy.-Will. ≡ Oglifa neglecta (Soy.-Will.) Rchb. ≡ Filago neglecta (Soy.-Will) DC.]. Regions: old recorded in TOS.Micropus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 927. 1753The genus Micropus was first described by Linnaeus (1753: 927) with one species (M. supinus). Cassini (1822) recognized Micropus as separate genus, placed out of Inulae s.s. The same choice was made by several subsequent au-thors, including the comprehensive work by Anderberg (1991), who treated Micropus as monotipic genus. Morefield (2006) included in Micropus the 266two American species of Bombycilaena (DC.) Smoljan. (M. californicus Fis-cher & C. A. May and M. amphibolus A. Gray). The phylogenetic analyses by Galbany-Casals & al. (2010) shows that both Micropus and Bombycilaena can be considered separate genera (excluding B. californicus from Bomycilaena) despite their high morphological similarity (capitula features). In particular Micropus is sister to the rest of the species included in the Filago group s.s. (as define by Galbany-Casals & al., 2010). From the morphological point of view, Micropus mainly differs from Bombycilaena in having opposite leaves (Bombycilaena has altenate leaves).List of the italian taxa:M. supinus L.Regions: Fiori (1927) reported this taxon in “...Friuli...Tosc., ma non più ritro-vato in tempi recenti...” (“...Friuli...Tuscany, but not recently recorded...”). No Italian subsequent authors cited M. supinus: it can be considered doubt in Italy;A Xerochrysum Tzvelev, Novosti Syst. Vysš. Rast. 27: 151. 1990= Xeranthemum L. p. p.Xerochrysum is a genus of six Australian species, some of which are used as ornamentals, escaping from cultivation in other continents (Nesom, 2006; Yousheng & al., 2011). One species (X. bracteatum) is recorded in Europe (Greuter, 2006-2009) where is mostly considered casual, sometimes natural-ized (such as in Portugal). As regard Italy, neither the name X. bracteatum nor its homotypic synonyms were cited in the national floras [from Bertoloni (1833-1857) to Conti & al. (2005, 2007) and Celesti-Grapow & al., (2009, 2010)]. A recently study on the phylogeny of Australian Gnaphalieae shows that Xerochrysum is non-monophyletic (Bayer & al., 2002). However the author do not provide taxonomic implications for the tribe, proposing to combine the sequence matrix of the study with that from the African one, also including additional taxa from South America, North America, and Eurasia. So, we here accept Xerochrysum as separate taxon.From the morphological point of view, Helichrysum appears the genus more similar. The diagnostic characters refer to the habitus, the number of capitula and the shape of the phyllaries:1. Usually annual herbs (sometimes perennial); capitula solitary (sometimes in small clusters of 2-3 heads); phyllaries broader, the inner ones lanceolate and acuminate at apex, yellow, white, red or purple ...............XerochrysumUpdating to the checklist of the Italian vascular flora: Asteraceae,...Lagacalia 32, 2012 2671. Subshrubs; capitula arranged in dense corymbiform clusters; phyllaries na-rrower, rounded or acute at apex, yellow or white .................. HelichrysumList of the italian taxa:X. bracteatum (Vent.) Tzvelev [≡ Xeranthemum bracteatum Vent.) ≡ Heli-chrysum bracteatum (Vent.) Andrews]Aknowledgements. Thanks are due to Director and Curator of the Herbaria cited for their support.REFERENCESAnderberg, A. A. (1991). Taxonomy and phylogeny of the tribe Gnaphalieae (Astera-ceae). Opera Bot. 104: 5-195.Anzalone, B., M. Iberite & E. Lattanzi (2010). La flora del Lazio. Inform. Bot. Ital. 42(1): 187-317.Bayer, R. J., D. G. Greber & N. H. Bagnall (2002). Phylogeny of Australian Gnapha-liae (Asteraceae) Based on Chloroplast and Nuclear Sequences, the trnL Intron, trnL/trnF Intergenic Spacer, matK, and ETS. Syst. Bot. 27(4): 801-814.Bertoloni, A. (1833-1857). Flora Italica 1-10. Richardi Masii. Bologna.Cassini, H. (1822). Inulées-Prototypes. In F. Cuvier (ed.), Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles, ed. 2 23. Le Normant. Paris.Celesti-Grapow, L., A. Alessandrini, P. V. Arrigoni, S. Assini, E. Banfi, E. Bar-ni, M. Bovio, G. Brundu, M. Cagiotti, I. Camarda, E Carli, F. Conti, E. Del Guacchio, G. Domina, S. Fascetti, G. Galasso, L. Gubellini, F. Lucchese, P. Medagli, N. Passalacqua, S. Peccenini, L. Poldini, F. Pretto, F. Prosser, M. Vidali, L. Viegi, M. C. Villani, T. Wilhalm & C. Blasi (2009). Non-native flora of Italy: species distribution and threats. Plant Biosystems 143: 386-430.–––, F. Pretto, E. Carli, E. & C. Blasi (eds.) (2010). Flora vascolare alloctona e invasiva delle regioni d’Italia. Casa EditriceUniversità La Sapienza. Roma.Conti, F., G. Abbate, A. Alessandrini & C. Blasi (eds.) (2005). An annotated checklist of the italian vascular flora. Palombi & Partner. Roma.–––, A. Alessandrini, G. Bacchetta, E. Banfi, G. Barberis, F. Bartolucci, L. Bernardo, S. Bonacquisti, D. Bouvet, M. Bovio, G. Brusa, E. Del guacchio, B. Foggi, S. Frattini, G. Galasso, L. Gallo, C. Gangale, G. Gottschlich, P. Grünanger, L. Gubellini, G. Iiriti, D. Lucarini, D. Marchetti, B. Moraldo, L. Peruzzi, L. Poldini, F. Prosser, M. Raffaelli, A. Santangelo, E. Scasse-llati, S. Scortegagna, F. Selvi, A. Soldano, D. Tinti, D. Ubaldi, D. Uzunov & M. Vidali (2007). Integrazioni alla checklist della flora vascolare italiana. Natura Vicentina, 10: 5-74.Fiori, A. (1927). Nuova Flora Analitica Italiana 2. Ed. M. Ricci. Firenze.Galbany-Casals, M., S. Andrés-Sánches, N. Garcia-Jacas, A. Susanna, A., E. Rico & M. M. Martínez-Ortega (2010). How many of Cassini anagrams should there be? Molecular systematics and phylogenetic relationships in the Filago group (Astera-ceae, Gnaphalieae), with special focus on the genus Filago. Taxon 59(6): 1671-1689.268Greuter, W. (2006-2009). Compositae (pro major parte) - Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. 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Molecular phylogeny of Anaphalis (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) with biogeographic implications in the Nor-thern Hemisphere. J. Plant. Res. 125 (in press).Peruzzi, L. (2010). Checklist dei generi e delle famiglie della flora vascolare italiana. Inform. Bot. Ital. 42(1): 151–170.Pignatti, S. (1982). Flora d’Italia 3. Edagricole. Bologna.Yousheng, C., Z. Sixin & R. J. Bayer (2011). Tribe Gnaphalieae. In W. Zheng-yi, P. H. Raven & D. Hong (eds.). Flora of China 20–21. Science Press/Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Beijing & St. Louis.Zangheri, P. (1976). Flora Italica 1. Cedam. Padova.Updating to the checklist of the Italian vascular flora: Asteraceae,...

Updating to the checklist of the italian vascular flora: Asteraceae, Ghaphalieae

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Updating to the checklist of the italian vascular flora: Asteraceae, Ghaphalieae

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idUS. Depósito de Investigación Universidad de Sevilla