Instrumenting Education and Returns to Schooling in Indonesia

Abstract

: Instrumenting Education and Returns to Schooling in Indonesia. This paper provides estimates of the profitability of investment in education in Indonesia, using IV approach and data for IFLS-4 (2007-2008). It also explores an alternative framework for assessing the present value of the financial gains from an extra year of schooling. This study finds that considering endogeneity bias via the IV method is important, and draws attention to family background factors being useful instruments. Another finding from this study that needs to be highlighted is that the benefit of continuing at school for an extra year is quite high