Systematic Review Sebagai Metode Penelitian Untuk Mensintesis Hasil-hasil Penelitian (Sebuah Pengantar)

Abstract

Individual research is not enough to provide inputs for policy improvement. In order that research results can be used for policy inputs, a synthesis from a number research results and packaging them into actionable messages are important methodologies that have to be mastered by researchers. By conducting synthesis of research results with the use of systematic review and packaging it in the form of actionable messages (policy brief and policy paper), a more comprehensive and balanced fact can be presented for policy makers. Systematic review comprises quantitative technique (meta-analysis) and qualitative technique (meta-synthesis). However, systematic review should be distinguished with a review that is not systematic (traditional review). Both quantitative and qualitative review possess a systematic and sequential step as that of general research methodology. Quantitative approach is identified as meta-analysis, whereas qualitative approach is identified as meta-synthesis. Within meta-synthesis, there are at least two approaches, i.e. meta-ethnography and meta-aggregation. Within the perspective of research translation, meta-aggregation is an important method in comprehending a number of qualitative research results, for providing more comprehensive and balanced facts to policy makers