Responses of Engineering Materials, Anisotropy and Forming Limit Diagrams at different strain-rates and temperatures.

Abstract

The objectives of this work are 1) to predict the yield locus, 2) normal anisotropic ratio (R-value), 3) stress response and 4) Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) of an aluminum alloy sheet, at different strain-rates using an appropriate anisotropic yield criterion and constitutive model. In order to achieve these objectives, a comprehensive study of quasi-static and dynamic responses of two FCC metals is performed to understand the material behaviors at large deformations and over wide ranges of strain-rate (103-10-5s-1) and temperature (223-755K). The two FCC metals include Oxygen Free High Conductivity (OFHC) copper and an aluminum alloy (AA5182), which have applications in the defense and automotive industries, respectively. In the case of AA5182, the material includes the base alloy and welded materials called Tailor Welded Blanks (TWBs). Quasi-static tensile strain-rate jump experiments at room temperature are performed on aluminum alloy (AA5182) sheet. Tensile split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experimental setup is developed to perform tensile experiments at high strain rates and at different temperatures. Further, to determine the anisotropy in the material, several experiments are performed in different directions of the sheet metal. It was observed that AA5182-O exhibited negative and positive strain-rate sensitivities at room and 473K, respectively. The r-value increased with increase in temperature. The comprehensive study of OFHC copper includes results from quasi-static compression experiments performed at different strain-rates and temperatures. Dynamic compression experiments performed using the conventional SHPB technique are also presented. The material responses under quasi-static and dynamic torsion loading conditions, using the MTS and torsional Kolsky bar respectively, are also presented. The compressive responses of the material under non-proportional paths are also studied at different strain rates. Constitutive modeling of this comprehensive response is performed using a modified phenomenological model earlier developed by Khan et al. (1999 & 2004). This constitutive model captures the experimental response reasonably well (within 2%) given the few material constants involved and the ease with which they can be obtained. To remove any doubts of bias, this model is also used to correlate and predict the experimental observations on the same material by McDowell et al. (1999), and Nemat-Nasser et al. (1998). The correlations and predictions are again in good agreement with the experimental results. In conclusion, this model shows excellent capability to correlate and predict the experimental response of FCC and BCC metals and can be used in predicting the FLD for the aluminum alloy

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