Background Eczema is a common skin condition. Although topical corticosteroids (TCS) have been a first-line treatment for eczema for decades, there are uncertainties over their optimal use. Objectives To establish the effectiveness and safety of different ways of using TCS for treating eczema. Search methods We searched databases to January 2021 (Cochrane Skin Specialised Register; CENTRAL; MEDLINE; Embase; GREAT). Five clinical trial registers were also searched. Bibliographies from included studies were checked to identify further trials. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials in adults and children with eczema comparing at least two strategies of TCS use. Placebo comparisons were excluded, other than for studies evaluating proactive versus reactive treatment