The occurrence ofAnaplasma phagocytophilumwas investigated in spleen and serum samplesfrom Swedish moose (Alces alces) in southern Sweden (island and mainland). Samples wereanalysed for presence ofA. phagocytophilumDNA by real-time PCR (n=263), and forAnaplasmaantibodies with ELISA serology (n=234). All serum samples had antibodies againstA. phagocytophilum. The mean DNA-based prevalence was 26·3%, and significant (