LGI1 encephalitis with squamous lung-cell carcinoma: Resolution after tumor resection.

Abstract

Encephalitis with leucine-rich glioma-inactivated-1 (LGI1) immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-bodies classically presents with cognitive impairment and characteristic faciobrachial dystonicseizures.1In a murine model, human LGI1 IgG caused reduction of Kv1.1 channels andα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor receptors resulting in neuro-nal hyperexcitability indicating probable pathogenicity of LGI1 antibodies.2LGI1 autoimmu-nity is associated with malignancy in less than 10% of cases, including small cell lung cancer,prostate and colon cancer, squamous cell skin carcinoma, and neuroendocrine pancreaticcancer.3,4We present a case of LGI1 encephalitis only partially responsive to immunotherapywith eventual complete resolution after resection of a squamous cell lung carcinoma

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