The structure and division of power in the Republic of Croatia

Abstract

U Republici Hrvatskoj vlast je ustrojena na načelu trodiobe vlasti sa zajamčenim pravom građana na lokalnu i regionalnu samoupravu. Vlast se ograničava Ustavnom Republike Hrvatske. Zakonodavnu vlast (legislativa) sačinjava parlament koji se tradicionalno naziva Sabor. Sabor donosi, izvršava zakone i druge propise. Zakonodavna vlast kontrolira izvršnu vlast. Izvršna vlast je (egzekutiva) vlast sa funkcijom izvršavanja zakona ili donošenja drugih pravnih akata potrebnih za izvršenje nekog zakona koje donosi parlament. Predsjednik Republike te Vlada Republike sačinjavaju izvršnu vlast. Razlikujemo tri modela vlasti koji se zapravo temelje na izvršnoj vlasti, a to su: predsjednički, polupredsjednički i parlamentarni sustav. Republika Hrvatska pripada parlamentarnom sustavu od 2000. godine, a od osamostaljenja do 2000. godine pripadala je polupredsjedničkom sustavu. Sudbena vlast (judikativa) je vlast za provedbu, ali i tumačenje zakona. Sudbenu vlast obavljaju sudovi; Ustavni sud, Vrhovni sud, Županijski sud, Općinski sud te drugi. Sudbena vlast je, po prirodi uloge koju obavlja, samostalna i neovisna.In the Republic of Croatia, the State authority is established on the principle of a triple government authority with a guaranteed right of citizens at the local and regional selfgovernment levels. The authority is limited to the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia. The legislative power (legislation) constitutes a parliament that is traditionally called the Parliament. The Parliament executes laws and other regulations. The legislative power controls the executive. The executive power is an (executive) authority that has the function of enforcing laws or adopting other legal acts needed to enforce a law passed by Parliament. The President of the Republic and the Government of the Republic constitute executive power. Three models of government that are based on executive power, presidential, semipresidential and parliamentary systems, can be distinguished. The Republic of Croatia belongs to the parliamentary system of 2000, but from its independence to the year 2000, it belonged to the semi-presidential system. Judicial power (judiciary) is the power of enforcement, but also an interpretation of the law. Courts such as The Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court, the County Court, the Municipal Court and others exercise judicial power. Judicial power is, by the nature of the role they perform, independent and autonomous