https://ir.uiowa.edu/igs_ofm/1055/thumbnail.jp

Giglierano, James D

Liu, Huaibao

McKay, Robert

Tassier-Surine, Stephanie

English

Iowa Research Online

LINN
LEE
SAC
TAMA
IDA
SIOUX CLAY
IOWA
LYON
POLK
CASS
KOSSUTH
PAGE
JASPER
ADAIR
BENTON JONES
DAVIS
CLAYTON
STORY
FAYETTE
CEDAR
CLINTON
BOONE
PLYMOUTH
MONONA
DALLAS
MILLS
FLOYD
SHELBY
OBRIEN
HARDIN
WAYNE
BUTLER
WOODBURY WEBSTER
WRIGHT
MARION KEOKUK
TAYLOR
SCOTT
JACKSON
GREENE
HARRISON
UNION
GUTHRIE
LUCAS
WARREN
JOHNSON
HENRY
DUBUQUE
CRAWFORD CARROLL
MADISON
ADAMS
FRANKLIN
MAHASKA
CALHOUN GRUNDY
POTTAWATTAMIE
HANCOCK
LOUISA
HAMILTON
DECATUR
EMMET
ALLAMAKEEWINNESHIEK
CLARKE
WORTH
PALO ALTO
MARSHALL
HOWARD
FREMONT
DELAWARE
CHEROKEE BREMER
BUCHANAN
RINGGOLD
POWESHIEK
MONROE
MITCHELL
WAPELLO
BUENA VISTA
BLACK HAWK
VAN BUREN
CHICKASAW
APPANOOSE
OSCEOLA
HUMBOLDT
MUSCATINE
JEFFERSON
DICKINSON WINNEBAGO
AUDUBON
POCAHONTAS
WASHINGTON
CERRO GORDO
DES MOINES
MONTGOMERY
Surficial Geology of the Cresco NE (Iowa) 7.5' Quadrangle
Quadrangle Location
Base map from USGS Cresco NE 7.5' Digital Raster Graphic (IGS GIS file DRGB38.TIF) which wasscanned from the Cresco NE 7.5' Topographic Quadrangle map, published by US Geological Survey in 1981Topographic contours and land features based on 1975 aerial photography, field checked in 1977Land elevation contours (20' interval) based on NGVD 1929.
Iowa Geological Survey digital cartographic file Cresco_NEquad08_surficial.mxd, version 8/18/08  (ArcGIS 9.2)Map projection and coordinate system based on Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 15, datum NAD83.
The map and cross section are based on interpretations of the best available information at the time of mapping. Map interpretations are not a substitute for detailed site specific studies.
HARMONY
RIDGEWAY
BLUFFTON
CRESCO_SE
CRESCO_NE
CANTON_MN
CRESCO_SW
CRESCO_NW
GREENLEAFTON
Adjacent 7.5' Quadrangles
Drill Holes
D Outcrops
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Qal
Om
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OmQpsr
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A
B
92°0'0"W
92°0'0"W
92°2'30"W
92°2'30"W
92°5'0"W
92°5'0"W
92°7'30"W
92°7'30"W
43°30'0"N
43°30'0"N
43°27'30"N
43°27'30"N
43°25'0"N
43°25'0"N
43°22'30"N
43°22'30"N
0 1 2 3 40.5 Miles
0 1 2 3 40.5 Kilometers
1:24,000
±
Od
Owd
Om
Dw
Dc
Qrc
Qwa2
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A B
GEOLOGIC CROSS-SECTION  A-B
SilverCreek MinorCreek Upper Iowa River Valley1300
1100
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Ele
vati
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fee
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ove
 sea
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Elevation (feet above sea level)
Od
Owd
Om
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DcQwa2
Qwa2 Qal
Qal
Qwa3
Qps Qwa2 Qps
Qwa3
Qpsr
Qallt
Qalit
Qal
LEGEND  CENOZOIC  QUATERNARY SYSTEM  HUDSON EPISODE  Qal - Alluvium (De Forest Formation-Undifferentiated) One to four meters (3 – 13 ft) of massive to weakly stratified, grayish brown to brown loam, silt loam, clay loam, or loamy sand overlying less than three meters (10 ft) of poorly to moderately well sorted, massive to moderately well stratified, coarse to fine feldspathic quartz sand, pebbly sand, and gravel and more than three meters (10 ft) of pre-Wisconsin or late Wisconsin Noah Creek Formation sand and gravel. Also includes colluvium derived from adjacent map units in stream valleys, on hillslopes, and in closed depressions.  Seasonal high water table occurs in this map unit.    Qallt - Upper Iowa River Valley - Low Terrace/Modern Channel Belt (DeForest Formation-Camp Creek Member and Roberts Creek Member)  Variable thickness of less than 1 m to 5 m (3 – 16 ft) of very dark gray to brown, noncalcareous, stratified silty clay loam, loam, or clay loam, associated with the modern channel belt of the Upper Iowa River valley.  Ox-bow lakes and meander scars are common features associated with this terrace level.  Post-settlement alluvium thickness varies from 0.5 m (1.5 ft) in higher areas to 2 m (6.5 ft) along the river course and in lower lying areas.  Seasonal high water table and frequent flooding potential.    Qalit - Upper Iowa River Valley - Intermediate Terrace (DeForest Formation-Camp Creek Member, Roberts Member and Gunder Member)  Variable thickness of less than 1 m to 5 m (3 – 16 ft) of very dark gray to brown, noncalcareous, stratified silty clay loam to loam that overlies calcareous, medium- to coarse-grained sand and gravel of Wisconsinan (Noah Creek Formation) and/or pre-Wisconsinan age.  Occupies low terrace position.  Seasonal high water table and frequent flooding potential.   HUDSON AND WISCONSIN EPISODE  Qnw2 – Sand and Gravel (Noah Creek Formation) Two to eighteen meters (6.5-59 ft) of yellowish brown to gray, poorly to well sorted, massive to well stratified, coarse to fine feldspathic quartz sand, pebbly sand and gravel with few intervening layers of silty clay.  Along many valleys a thin mantle of loess, reworked loess, or fine-grained alluvium (Qal) may be present.  This unit includes silty colluvial deposits derived from the adjacent map units. In places this unit is mantled with one to three meters of fine to medium, well sorted medium to fine sand derived from wind reworking of the alluvium.  This unit encompasses deposits that accumulated in low-relief stream valleys during the Wisconsin Episode and Hudson Episode. Seasonal high water table and some potential for flooding.    WISCONSIN EPISODE  Qpt – Loess Mantled High Terrace - either Late Phase or Early Phase (Peoria Formation – silt and/or sand facies)  Two to seven meters (6.5-23 ft) of yellowish brown to gray, massive, jointed, calcareous or noncalcareous, silt loam and intercalated fine to medium, well sorted sand.    May grade downward to poorly to moderately well sorted, moderately to well stratified, coarse to fine feldspathic quartz sand, pebbly sand, loam, or silt loam alluvium (Late Phase) or may overlie a Farmdale Geosol developed in Roxanna Silt which in turn overlies a well-expressed Sangamon Geosol developed in poorly to moderately well sorted, moderately to well stratified, coarse to fine sand, loam, or silt loam alluvium (Early Phase).   Qps - Loess   (Peoria Formation— silt facies)  Generally 2 m to 8 m (6 – 27 ft) of yellowish to grayish brown, massive, jointed noncalcareous grading downward to calcareous silt loam to silty clay loam.  May be loamy near the boundary with the erosion surface.  Overlies massive, fractured, loamy glacial till of the Pre-Illinoian Wolf Creek or Alburnett formations with or without intervening clayey Farmdale/Sangamon Geosol.  In most areas the Pre-Illinoian till is 1 m to 5 m (3 – 16 ft) thick, but may be up to 8 m (27 ft) thick locally.  This mapping unit encompasses upland divides, ridge-tops and convex-side slopes.  Well to somewhat poorly drained landscape.  Qpsr - Loess over bedrock  (Peoria Formation— silt facies)  Generally 2 to 8 m (6 – 27 ft) of yellowish to grayish brown, massive, jointed noncalcareous grading downward to calcareous silt loam to silty clay loam.  Overlies bedrock units or colluvium.  This mapping unit encompasses upland divides, ridge-tops and convex side-slopes.  Well to somewhat poorly drained landscape.  Qwa2 - Loamy and Sandy Sediment Shallow to Glacial Till (sediment associated with erosion surface)  One to three meters (3 – 10 ft) of yellowish brown to gray, massive to weakly stratified, well to poorly sorted loamy, sandy and silty erosion surface sediment. Map unit includes some areas mantled with less than two meters (6.5 ft) of Peoria Formation- silt (loess) or sand facies. Overlies massive, fractured, firm glacial till of the Wolf Creek and/or Alburnett formations. Seasonally high water table may occur in this map unit.  Qwa3 – Till  (Wolf Creek or Alburnett Formations)   Generally one to ten meters (3 to 33 feet) of  very dense, massive, fractured, loamy glacial till of the Wolf Creek or Alburnett Formations with or without a thin loess mantle (Peoria Formation— less than 2 meters) or thin loamy sediment mantle (unamed erosion surface sediment) may overlie intervening clayey Farmdale/ Sangamon Geosol.  This mapping unit can be buried by unnamed erosion surface sediments, loess or alluvium and is shown only in the cross-section.   PLEISTOCENE UNDIFFERENTIATED  Qrc - Rock Core Meanders/Structural Benches  Includes rock core meanders associated with Pre-Wisconsin river development and terrace deposits overlying bedrock benches.  Some areas occupy positions as much as 10m (33 ft) above the modern floodplain.  Consists of undifferentiated alluvial and colluvial fill up to 6 meters (20 ft) in thickness of unknown age.  May be mantled by 1 to 3 m (3-10 ft) of Peoria Formation- silt facies (loess).    PALEOZOIC  DEVONIAN SYSTEM  Dc - Dolomite and Limestone (Cedar Valley Group)  The lowest subdivision of this map unit, the Little Cedar Formation, occurs in the southwest corner of the quad and attains a thickness up to 12 m (40 ft).  It is dominated by slightly argillaceous to argillaceous dolomite and dolomitic limestone, commonly fossiliferous and vuggy, and partially laminated.  Dw - Dolomite, Limestone, Shale, and minor Sandstone (Wapsipinicon Group)  This map unit includes the Spillville Formation, up to 27 m (89 ft), overlain by the Pinicon Ridge Formation, up to 11 m (36 ft), for a maximum total thickness up to 38 m (125 ft).  The Spillville Formation is dominated by medium to thick bedded dolomite, with scattered to abundant fossil molds, and vugs commonly filled with calcite crystals; basal portion is sandy or silty; a distinctive stromatolitic limestone facies occurs locally in the upper part.  The Spillville is quarried for local aggregate and also hosts numerous small springs.  The Pinicon Ridge Formation is dominated by shaly, laminated or brecciated, unfossiliferous limestone and dolomite.   ORDOVICIAN SYSTEM  Om - Shale, Limestone, and Dolostone (Maquoketa Formation)  A nonresistant slope-forming map unit up to 40 m (131 ft) composed of variably cherty, interbedded argillaceous limestone, dolostone and grey and brown shale.  Fragmentary trilobite and graptolite fossils are common in the basal Elgin Limestone Member, and chert nodules are notable in the middle Fort Atkinson Member.  It forms an upper confining unit that bounds a karst system in underlying Dubuque,Wise Lake and Dunleith formations of the Galena Group, and may host sinkholes in its lower portion.  Owd - Limestone and minor Shale (Wise Lake Formation and overlying Dubuque Formation, both of the Galena Group)  A prominent ledge and cliff-forming unit of up to 31 m (102 ft) of limestone with notable thin interbedded shale in the upper 6 m.  This map unit is the upper of two successive major cavern and karst-forming bedrock units in the area.  The Wise Lake Formation consists of 21 m (67 ft) of medium to thick-bedded relatively chert-free limestone, portions of which exhibit a distinctive bioturbated fabric; serves as a source of concrete aggregate.  The Dubuque Formation consists of 10 m (34 ft) of crinoidal limestones and thin interbedded shale.  Sinkholes are common to abundant within this map unit.  Od - Limestone (Dunleith Formation of the Galena Group)  A prominent ledge and cliff-forming unit of up to 42 m (137 ft) of limestone with minor thin interbedded shale.  This is the lower of two successive major cavern and karst-forming bedrock units in the area.   The formation consists of fossiliferous limestone and argillaceous limestone with common chert nodules; it is commonly quarried for aggregate.  Major springs occur near the base, and sinkholes and karst features are common.   
Qwa3
GEOLOGIC MAPPING OF THE UPPER IOWA RIVER WATERSHED: PHASE 4:  Cresco NE 7.5’ Quadrangle  Iowa Geological Survey Open File Map 08-2 August 2008  prepared by  Stephanie Tassier-Surine, Huaibao Liu, Robert McKay and James D. Giglierano  Iowa Geological Survey, Iowa City, Iowa   
   Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Richard A. Leopold, Director Iowa Geological Survey, Robert D. Libra, State Geologist  Supported in part by the U.S. Geological Survey  Cooperative Agreement Number 07HQAG0087 National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program (STATEMAP)   ACKNOWLEDGMENTS  We thank the staff of the Northeast Iowa RC & D for their efforts in helping to initiate this mapping project and for supporting our work in the Upper Iowa River watershed.  New subsurface geologic data was generated by the University of Iowa students Thomas Marshall and Kelly Wilhelm who produced descriptive logs of water well drill samples.  Luther College in Decorah actively participated in the project through subcontract 07-7380-01 for field mapping support.  Luther College students Gabriel Demuth and Carl Haakenstad were participants in field and office work in support of the mapping effort.  Birgitta Meade of Luther College was instrumental in accurately locating and elevating water wells in the map area. Drilling in selected sites was provided under contract by Aquadrill, Inc. of Swisher, Iowa.  Special thanks to the landowners who graciously allowed access to their land for drilling:  Craig and Laurie Ollendieck, Randy Greenslade, John Smith, Ray Ferrie and Roger and Kari Ferrie.  Deborah Quade, Iowa Geological Survey (IGS) lent support with Quaternary field and office expertise; Robert Rowden (IGS) participated in part of the field work; Amy Sabin (IGS) prepared well samples for stratigraphic logging; Brian Witzke (IGS) provided valued information concerning the Ordovician and Devonian stratigraphy of the area; and Andy Asell and Chris Kahle (IGS) provided GIS mapping technical help.  Assistance obtaining drilling records and geologic information was provided by Dave Stanley and staff at Bear Creek Archaeology.  


Surficial Geology of the Upper Iowa River Watershed: Phase 4: Cresco Ne 7.5\u27 Quadrangle,

https://ir.uiowa.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&amp;context=igs_ofm

Surficial Geology of the Upper Iowa River Watershed: Phase 4: Cresco Ne 7.5\u27 Quadrangle,

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