An automatic sampler and a USGS gauging station were established in 1998 and water quality sampling was begun in 1999 on the Kings River near Berryville, Arkansas. Continuous stage and discharge measurements and frequent water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the river. This report presents the results from the sampling and analysis for January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002

Cash, Wade

Nelson, Marc

English

UARK (University of Arkansas )

University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Technical Reports Arkansas Water Resources Center 11-1-2003 2002 Pollutant Loads Kings River Near Berryville, Arkansas Marc Nelson University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Wade Cash University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/awrctr  Part of the Fresh Water Studies Commons, and the Water Resource Management Commons Citation Nelson, Marc and Cash, Wade. 2003. 2002 Pollutant Loads Kings River Near Berryville, Arkansas. Arkansas Water Resources Center, Fayetteville, AR. MSC310. 10 https://scholarworks.uark.edu/awrctr/110 This Technical Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Arkansas Water Resources Center at ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Technical Reports by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu.   Arkansas Water  Resources Center     2002 POLLUTANT LOADS  KINGS RIVER NEAR BERRYVILLE    Submitted to the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission   By   Marc Nelson And Wade Cash Arkansas Water Resources Center Water Quality Lab University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701   November 2003       Publication No. MSC-310  Arkansas Water Resources Center 112 Ozark Hall University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701    2002 Pollutant Loads Kings River near Berryville, Arkansas       Submitted to the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission        Marc Nelson and Wade Cash University of Arkansas Arkansas Water Resources Center  Water Quality Lab University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas      November 2003      INTRODUCTION  An automatic sampler and a USGS gauging station were established in 1998 and water quality sampling was begun in 1999 on the Kings River near Berryville, Arkansas.  Continuous stage and discharge measurements and frequent water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the river.  This report presents the results from the sampling and analysis for January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002.   BACKGROUND  In 1999, water quality sampling was begun at a new site established on the Kings River in the White River basin.  The Kings River flows into Table Rock Lake at the Missouri border and the river basin contains forested and agricultural land and the wastewater from Berryville, Arkansas.  USGS installed a stage gauge and developed a stage-discharge relationship for the site.  The site is at “Lat 3625'36", long 9337'15", in SE1/4NE1/4 sec.3, T.20 N., R.25 W., Carroll County, Hydrologic Unit 11010001, on right bank at downstream side of bridge on State Highway 143, 1.5 mi downstream from Bee Creek, 2.5 mi upstream from Clabber Creek, 5.3 mi northwest of Berryville, and at mile 35.1” (from USGS web site).  Figure 1 shows a map of the site.  Figure 1.  Map of Kings River Sampling site  SamplinglocationTable RockLake    2METHODS  The sampler was configured to take flow-weighted composite samples. The sampler was set to begin sampling when the stage rose above a set trigger level of five feet. It took a discrete sample after a fixed volume of water (8,000,000 cubic feet) passed. The discrete samples were composited by combining equal volumes of each into a single composite sample for analysis. The discrete samples were collected for compositing within forty-eight hours after the first sample. All storms were sampled in this manner as long as the stage was above the trigger level. Grab samples were taken every two weeks. The data collected at this site was used to calculate total pollutant loads and mean concentrations for the year.  All samples were analyzed for Nitrate Nitrogen (NO3-N), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH4-N), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Total Phosphorus (TP), Soluble Reactive Phosphate (SRP), Sulfate (SO4), Chloride (Cl), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). AWRC Field Services personnel collected all samples and all samples were analyzed by the AWRC Water Quality Lab using standard field and laboratory QA/QC procedures.  Pollutant loads and mean concentrations were calculated by multiplying the concentration for each 30 minute period times the discharge during that period.  Pollutant concentrations were assigned to each time period by taking the measured concentration and applying it from half way to the previous sample to half way to the subsequent sample.  The yearly load is the sum of all the loads for all the time periods.  The yearly mean concentrations were calculated by dividing the yearly load by the yearly discharge.    A total of 73 grab samples and 21 storm composite samples were collected, analyzed and used for load determination at this site in calendar year 2002. In addition, 4 field blanks, 4 field duplicates and 5 USGS/AWRC paired samples were collected, analyzed and used for QA/QC. The stage and determined concentrations are illustrated in figure 2.  Figure 2. 2002 Stage and Concentrations.  Kings RIVERHIGHWAY 5920020.005.0010.0015.0020.0025.0030.00Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecDATESTAGE (ft), CONCENTRATION (mg/l)0.000100.000200.000300.000400.000500.000600.000700.000TSS (mg/l)STAGENO3-NT-PNH4TKNPO4TSS   3  In addition to the above sampling for load determination, the AWRC in conjunction with the USGS conducted cross-section sampling to determine the relationship between auto-sampler concentrations and cross-section concentrations. The USGS collected evenly weighted integrated (EWI) cross section samples at the same time AWRC collected discrete auto-samples. All samples were transported and analyzed by the AWRC Water Quality Lab. Five storm-flow paired samples were taken and compared during the year. Regressions of log USGS vs. log AWRC concentrations for total P and TSS from the beginning of the project are shown in figures 3 and 4.  Figure 3. AWRC vs. USGS TPy = 0.7771x - 0.0718R2 = 0.7574-1.2-1-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.200.20.40.6-1.4 -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8AWRC  log TPUSGS log TPFigure 4. AWRC vs. USGS TSSy = 0.8724x + 0.2667R2 = 0.696600.511.522.533.540 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4AWRC  log TSSUSGS log TSS  4RESULTS  The 2002 calculated loads and flow-weighted mean concentrations are shown in Table 1.  Table 1.  Kings River near Berryville 2002 Loads and Mean Concentrations Parameter  Total Load (kg/yr) Mean concentration (mg/L) Discharge (m3/yr) 582,849,012 653 (cfs) N03-N 432,143 0.74 TP 180,203 0.31 NH4+-N 20,936 0.04 TKN 401,495 0.69 PO42--P 44,767 0.08 TSS 63,146,716 108.34 SO4 4,960,436 8.51 Cl- 2,383,729 4.09  Table 2. Loads for all parameters  Parameter  1999 Loads  2000 Loads  2001 Loads 2002 Loads Discharge (m3) 477,590,619 285,535,630 332,293,424 582,849,012 N03-N (kg/yr) 401,729 250,132 479,272 432,143 TP (kg/yr) 153,786 102,332 108,473 180,203 NH4+-N (kg/yr) 12,997 10,968 17,316 20,936 TKN (kg/yr) 348,376 210,601 226,891 401,495 PO4 P (kg/yr) 47,914 47,106 34,984 44,767 TSS (kg/yr) 79,598,491 35,645,367 36,818,561 63,146,716 SO4 (kg/yr) 1,804,599 1,737,722 2,100,924 4,960,436 Cl- (kg/yr) 2,608,416 1,464,226 1,791,831 2,383,729                     5Table 3. Flow-weighted Mean concentrations. Parameter  1999 mean concentrations  2000 mean concentrations  2001 mean concentrations 2002 mean concentrations Discharge (cfs) 535 320 372 653 N03-N (mg/l) 0.84 0.88 1.44 0.74 TP (mg/l) 0.32 0.36 0.33 0.31 NH4+-N (mg/l) 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.04 TKN (mg/l) 0.73 0.74 0.68 0.69 PO4 P (mg/l) 0.10 0.16 0.11 0.08 TSS (mg/l) 167 125 111 108 SO4 (mg/l) 3.78 6.09 6.32 8.51 Cl- (mg/l) 5.46 5.13 5.39 4.09  During the year, there were 7 portions of storm events that were not sampled due to equipment malfunctions. The concentrations during those periods were estimated using the stage / concentration regression relationships.  These relationships were determined from intensive discrete storm sampling in 1999 and 2000. The equations used are listed in table 4.  Table 4. Regression equations determined from discrete storm samples Parameter Regression equation Regression coefficient Nitrate-N y = -0.0139x + 0.9438 R2 = 0.0109 Total Phosphorus y = 0.0965x - 0.1158 R2 = 0.2415 Ammonia-N y = -0.0004x + 0.0275 R2 = 0.0011 TKN y = 0.26x - 0.4359 R2 = 0.2962 Phosphate-P y = 0.0116x + 0.1771 R2= 0.1433 TSS y = 97.54x – 333.16 R2 = 0.4361 SO4 y = -0.2865 + 4.9888 R2 = 0.4551 Cl- y = - 0.1864 + 6.8752 R2 = 0.3082  DISCUSSION  The loads and concentrations developed for the Kings River can be compared to loads and concentrations developed in other watersheds in Northwest Arkansas. Five other watersheds have been monitored using the same monitoring and load calculation protocols. The only differences between the protocols are that trigger levels and storm composite sample volumes are different for each site. This means that the distinction between storm and base flows (defined here as the trigger level) may be relatively different at each site.             6The results for the six watersheds are summarized in Table 5 and Figure 5. The table and figure show TSS and phosphorus as total annual loads per watershed acre, as storm loads per watershed acre and as base-flow concentrations. Normalizing total and storm loads to a per acre basis allows comparison between watersheds of differing sizes. The total loads indicate the mass of TSS or P that are being transported to a receiving water body. Storm loads per acre may be used to represent relative impacts from non-point sources. In Figure 8, a red line represents the total loads and blue diamonds represents the storm loads. The Kings River watershed has relatively low total TSS compared to the others and most of the TSS is transported during storm events. The P load for the Kings is significantly lower than the other watersheds with the primary difference during storm events.   The base-flow concentrations show relative levels of TSS and P that are impacting in-stream biological activity during most of the year. These are the values that are of greatest interest for determining impacts to in-stream macro invertebrate habitat and nuisance algae production. The base-flow concentration of T-P is consistent with the other watersheds that have point-source discharges by WWTPs (all except Moores Creek).   Table 5. Comparison of six watersheds    Kings River@143 Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest Fork Osage Creek@112 Moores Creek ACRES 337,280 368,000 256,000 65,920 22,208 2,200 YEARS of data 4 6 1 1 1 2               TSS load (#/acre) 351 340 644 839 466 413 TSS load storm (#/acre) 320 312 475 570 182 382 TSS conc. base (mg/l) 27 20 93 170 39 12 P load (#/acre) 0.89 1.38 1.38 1.30 1.16 1.44 P storm load (#/acre) 0.62 0.98 1.00 0.91 0.70 1.16 P base conc. (mg/l) 0.24 0.26 0.21 0.25 0.28 0.10 DISCHARGE (ft3) 1.5E+10 1.9E+10 1.5E+10 3.5E+09 1.2E+09 8.6E+07DISCHARGE/AC (ft3/acre) 44,161 52,625 57,847 53,419 55,475 38,987   7Figure 5. Comparisons between 6 watersheds.  TSS Storm Loads per acre0100200300400500600700800900Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekStorm Loads (lbs per acre) TSS mean concentration Base flow020406080100120140160180Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekBase flow concentration (mg/l)   8T-P Storm Loads per acre0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.6Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekStorm Loads (lbs per acre) T-P mean concentration Base flow0.000.050.100.150.200.250.30Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekBase flow concentration (mg/l)  9 10REFERENCES  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “Results of Investigation of Optimum Sample Interval for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads”, Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation WEFTEK Conference, New Orleans, LA, 1999.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1997 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Presented at Arkansas-Oklahoma Arkansas River Compact Commission Meeting, September 1998.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1998 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 1999.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1999 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2000.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “2000 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2001.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “2001 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2002.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “ Preliminary Results of Investigation of Optimum Sample Interval for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads”, Presented at ASCE Watershed Management Conference, Memphis, TN, 1998.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens and D.G. Parker “Phosphorus Transport in the Illinois River: Preliminary Results of Intensive Sampling" Proceedings of the Arkansas Water Resource Center Annual Conference, 1998.  Parker, D.G., R. Williams and E. Teague “Illinois River Water Quality Automatic Sampler Installation” Arkansas Water Resource Center Miscellaneous Publication 0227, 1997.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “Investigation of Optimum Sample Number and Timing for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads Year [1998 and 1999}”, Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Report 1999-2000, August 2001.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The Wyman Road Bridge On The White River, Final Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The Washington County Road 195 Bridge On The West Fork Of The White River, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The 143 Bridge On The Kings River, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., S. L. Diffin “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The 112 Bridge On The Osage Creek, Final Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus On Moores Creek, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  

2002 Pollutant Loads Kings River Near Berryville, Arkansas

ScholarWorks@UARK

University of Arkansas, FayettevilleScholarWorks@UARKTechnical Reports Arkansas Water Resources Center11-1-20032002 Pollutant Loads Kings River Near Berryville,ArkansasMarc NelsonUniversity of Arkansas, FayettevilleWade CashUniversity of Arkansas, FayettevilleFollow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/awrctrPart of the Fresh Water Studies Commons, and the Water Resource Management CommonsThis Technical Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Arkansas Water Resources Center at ScholarWorks@UARK. It has beenaccepted for inclusion in Technical Reports by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contactscholar@uark.edu, ccmiddle@uark.edu.Recommended CitationNelson, Marc and Cash, Wade. 2003. 2002 Pollutant Loads Kings River Near Berryville, Arkansas. Arkansas Water Resources Center,Fayetteville, AR. MSC310. 10  Arkansas Water  Resources Center     2002 POLLUTANT LOADS  KINGS RIVER NEAR BERRYVILLE    Submitted to the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission   By   Marc Nelson And Wade Cash Arkansas Water Resources Center Water Quality Lab University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701   November 2003       Publication No. MSC-310  Arkansas Water Resources Center 112 Ozark Hall University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701    2002 Pollutant Loads Kings River near Berryville, Arkansas       Submitted to the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission        Marc Nelson and Wade Cash University of Arkansas Arkansas Water Resources Center  Water Quality Lab University of Arkansas Fayetteville, Arkansas      November 2003      INTRODUCTION  An automatic sampler and a USGS gauging station were established in 1998 and water quality sampling was begun in 1999 on the Kings River near Berryville, Arkansas.  Continuous stage and discharge measurements and frequent water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the river.  This report presents the results from the sampling and analysis for January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2002.   BACKGROUND  In 1999, water quality sampling was begun at a new site established on the Kings River in the White River basin.  The Kings River flows into Table Rock Lake at the Missouri border and the river basin contains forested and agricultural land and the wastewater from Berryville, Arkansas.  USGS installed a stage gauge and developed a stage-discharge relationship for the site.  The site is at “Lat 3625'36", long 9337'15", in SE1/4NE1/4 sec.3, T.20 N., R.25 W., Carroll County, Hydrologic Unit 11010001, on right bank at downstream side of bridge on State Highway 143, 1.5 mi downstream from Bee Creek, 2.5 mi upstream from Clabber Creek, 5.3 mi northwest of Berryville, and at mile 35.1” (from USGS web site).  Figure 1 shows a map of the site.  Figure 1.  Map of Kings River Sampling site  SamplinglocationTable RockLake    2METHODS  The sampler was configured to take flow-weighted composite samples. The sampler was set to begin sampling when the stage rose above a set trigger level of five feet. It took a discrete sample after a fixed volume of water (8,000,000 cubic feet) passed. The discrete samples were composited by combining equal volumes of each into a single composite sample for analysis. The discrete samples were collected for compositing within forty-eight hours after the first sample. All storms were sampled in this manner as long as the stage was above the trigger level. Grab samples were taken every two weeks. The data collected at this site was used to calculate total pollutant loads and mean concentrations for the year.  All samples were analyzed for Nitrate Nitrogen (NO3-N), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH4-N), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Total Phosphorus (TP), Soluble Reactive Phosphate (SRP), Sulfate (SO4), Chloride (Cl), and Total Suspended Solids (TSS). AWRC Field Services personnel collected all samples and all samples were analyzed by the AWRC Water Quality Lab using standard field and laboratory QA/QC procedures.  Pollutant loads and mean concentrations were calculated by multiplying the concentration for each 30 minute period times the discharge during that period.  Pollutant concentrations were assigned to each time period by taking the measured concentration and applying it from half way to the previous sample to half way to the subsequent sample.  The yearly load is the sum of all the loads for all the time periods.  The yearly mean concentrations were calculated by dividing the yearly load by the yearly discharge.    A total of 73 grab samples and 21 storm composite samples were collected, analyzed and used for load determination at this site in calendar year 2002. In addition, 4 field blanks, 4 field duplicates and 5 USGS/AWRC paired samples were collected, analyzed and used for QA/QC. The stage and determined concentrations are illustrated in figure 2.  Figure 2. 2002 Stage and Concentrations.  Kings RIVERHIGHWAY 5920020.005.0010.0015.0020.0025.0030.00Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecDATESTAGE (ft), CONCENTRATION (mg/l)0.000100.000200.000300.000400.000500.000600.000700.000TSS (mg/l)STAGENO3-NT-PNH4TKNPO4TSS   3  In addition to the above sampling for load determination, the AWRC in conjunction with the USGS conducted cross-section sampling to determine the relationship between auto-sampler concentrations and cross-section concentrations. The USGS collected evenly weighted integrated (EWI) cross section samples at the same time AWRC collected discrete auto-samples. All samples were transported and analyzed by the AWRC Water Quality Lab. Five storm-flow paired samples were taken and compared during the year. Regressions of log USGS vs. log AWRC concentrations for total P and TSS from the beginning of the project are shown in figures 3 and 4.  Figure 3. AWRC vs. USGS TPy = 0.7771x - 0.0718R2 = 0.7574-1.2-1-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.200.20.40.6-1.4 -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8AWRC  log TPUSGS log TPFigure 4. AWRC vs. USGS TSSy = 0.8724x + 0.2667R2 = 0.696600.511.522.533.540 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4AWRC  log TSSUSGS log TSS  4RESULTS  The 2002 calculated loads and flow-weighted mean concentrations are shown in Table 1.  Table 1.  Kings River near Berryville 2002 Loads and Mean Concentrations Parameter  Total Load (kg/yr) Mean concentration (mg/L) Discharge (m3/yr) 582,849,012 653 (cfs) N03-N 432,143 0.74 TP 180,203 0.31 NH4+-N 20,936 0.04 TKN 401,495 0.69 PO42--P 44,767 0.08 TSS 63,146,716 108.34 SO4 4,960,436 8.51 Cl- 2,383,729 4.09  Table 2. Loads for all parameters  Parameter  1999 Loads  2000 Loads  2001 Loads 2002 Loads Discharge (m3) 477,590,619 285,535,630 332,293,424 582,849,012 N03-N (kg/yr) 401,729 250,132 479,272 432,143 TP (kg/yr) 153,786 102,332 108,473 180,203 NH4+-N (kg/yr) 12,997 10,968 17,316 20,936 TKN (kg/yr) 348,376 210,601 226,891 401,495 PO4 P (kg/yr) 47,914 47,106 34,984 44,767 TSS (kg/yr) 79,598,491 35,645,367 36,818,561 63,146,716 SO4 (kg/yr) 1,804,599 1,737,722 2,100,924 4,960,436 Cl- (kg/yr) 2,608,416 1,464,226 1,791,831 2,383,729                     5Table 3. Flow-weighted Mean concentrations. Parameter  1999 mean concentrations  2000 mean concentrations  2001 mean concentrations 2002 mean concentrations Discharge (cfs) 535 320 372 653 N03-N (mg/l) 0.84 0.88 1.44 0.74 TP (mg/l) 0.32 0.36 0.33 0.31 NH4+-N (mg/l) 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.04 TKN (mg/l) 0.73 0.74 0.68 0.69 PO4 P (mg/l) 0.10 0.16 0.11 0.08 TSS (mg/l) 167 125 111 108 SO4 (mg/l) 3.78 6.09 6.32 8.51 Cl- (mg/l) 5.46 5.13 5.39 4.09  During the year, there were 7 portions of storm events that were not sampled due to equipment malfunctions. The concentrations during those periods were estimated using the stage / concentration regression relationships.  These relationships were determined from intensive discrete storm sampling in 1999 and 2000. The equations used are listed in table 4.  Table 4. Regression equations determined from discrete storm samples Parameter Regression equation Regression coefficient Nitrate-N y = -0.0139x + 0.9438 R2 = 0.0109 Total Phosphorus y = 0.0965x - 0.1158 R2 = 0.2415 Ammonia-N y = -0.0004x + 0.0275 R2 = 0.0011 TKN y = 0.26x - 0.4359 R2 = 0.2962 Phosphate-P y = 0.0116x + 0.1771 R2= 0.1433 TSS y = 97.54x – 333.16 R2 = 0.4361 SO4 y = -0.2865 + 4.9888 R2 = 0.4551 Cl- y = - 0.1864 + 6.8752 R2 = 0.3082  DISCUSSION  The loads and concentrations developed for the Kings River can be compared to loads and concentrations developed in other watersheds in Northwest Arkansas. Five other watersheds have been monitored using the same monitoring and load calculation protocols. The only differences between the protocols are that trigger levels and storm composite sample volumes are different for each site. This means that the distinction between storm and base flows (defined here as the trigger level) may be relatively different at each site.             6The results for the six watersheds are summarized in Table 5 and Figure 5. The table and figure show TSS and phosphorus as total annual loads per watershed acre, as storm loads per watershed acre and as base-flow concentrations. Normalizing total and storm loads to a per acre basis allows comparison between watersheds of differing sizes. The total loads indicate the mass of TSS or P that are being transported to a receiving water body. Storm loads per acre may be used to represent relative impacts from non-point sources. In Figure 8, a red line represents the total loads and blue diamonds represents the storm loads. The Kings River watershed has relatively low total TSS compared to the others and most of the TSS is transported during storm events. The P load for the Kings is significantly lower than the other watersheds with the primary difference during storm events.   The base-flow concentrations show relative levels of TSS and P that are impacting in-stream biological activity during most of the year. These are the values that are of greatest interest for determining impacts to in-stream macro invertebrate habitat and nuisance algae production. The base-flow concentration of T-P is consistent with the other watersheds that have point-source discharges by WWTPs (all except Moores Creek).   Table 5. Comparison of six watersheds    Kings River@143 Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest Fork Osage Creek@112 Moores Creek ACRES 337,280 368,000 256,000 65,920 22,208 2,200 YEARS of data 4 6 1 1 1 2               TSS load (#/acre) 351 340 644 839 466 413 TSS load storm (#/acre) 320 312 475 570 182 382 TSS conc. base (mg/l) 27 20 93 170 39 12 P load (#/acre) 0.89 1.38 1.38 1.30 1.16 1.44 P storm load (#/acre) 0.62 0.98 1.00 0.91 0.70 1.16 P base conc. (mg/l) 0.24 0.26 0.21 0.25 0.28 0.10 DISCHARGE (ft3) 1.5E+10 1.9E+10 1.5E+10 3.5E+09 1.2E+09 8.6E+07DISCHARGE/AC (ft3/acre) 44,161 52,625 57,847 53,419 55,475 38,987   7Figure 5. Comparisons between 6 watersheds.  TSS Storm Loads per acre0100200300400500600700800900Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekStorm Loads (lbs per acre) TSS mean concentration Base flow020406080100120140160180Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekBase flow concentration (mg/l)   8T-P Storm Loads per acre0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.6Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekStorm Loads (lbs per acre) T-P mean concentration Base flow0.000.050.100.150.200.250.30Kings River@143Illinois River@59White River@wymanWest ForkOsage Creek@112Moores CreekBase flow concentration (mg/l)  9 10REFERENCES  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “Results of Investigation of Optimum Sample Interval for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads”, Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation WEFTEK Conference, New Orleans, LA, 1999.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1997 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Presented at Arkansas-Oklahoma Arkansas River Compact Commission Meeting, September 1998.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1998 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 1999.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “1999 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2000.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “2000 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2001.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens “2001 Pollutant Loads At. Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge” Arkansas Water resources Center Publication, 2002.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “ Preliminary Results of Investigation of Optimum Sample Interval for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads”, Presented at ASCE Watershed Management Conference, Memphis, TN, 1998.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens and D.G. Parker “Phosphorus Transport in the Illinois River: Preliminary Results of Intensive Sampling" Proceedings of the Arkansas Water Resource Center Annual Conference, 1998.  Parker, D.G., R. Williams and E. Teague “Illinois River Water Quality Automatic Sampler Installation” Arkansas Water Resource Center Miscellaneous Publication 0227, 1997.  Nelson, M.A., T.S. Soerens, J. Spooner “Investigation of Optimum Sample Number and Timing for Determining Storm Water Pollutant Loads Year [1998 and 1999}”, Arkansas Water Resources Center Annual Report 1999-2000, August 2001.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The Wyman Road Bridge On The White River, Final Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The Washington County Road 195 Bridge On The West Fork Of The White River, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The 143 Bridge On The Kings River, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., S. L. Diffin “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus At The 112 Bridge On The Osage Creek, Final Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  Nelson, M.A., L.W. Cash “Water Quality Sampling, Analysis And Annual Load Determinations For TSS, Nitrogen And Phosphorus On Moores Creek, 2002 Annual Report” Arkansas Water Resources Center Publication, 2003.  

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2002 Pollutant Loads Kings River Near Berryville, Arkansas

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