Zoonoses, often better defined with the term anthropozoonoses, are diseases that can be transmitted to humans either by direct contact with animals or through arthropod vector intervention. Microbial interaction between humans and animals constitutes an important public health challenge, particularly in the Mediterranean basin. The main reasons this challenge is still relevant today include the phenomenon of migration, of both humans and animals, and climate change, which tend to alter the geographical distribution of zoonosis or the zoonotic agent, as well as the distribution range of potential vectors. The Mediterranean area seems to be affected by plentiful and widely distributed zoonoses, the main diseases being rickettsiosis, leishmaniasis, brucellosis, hydatid disease and viral zoonoses. The aim of this study is to revisit the prevalence and main clinical features of anthropozoonoses observed at the Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother & Child Care, University of Palermo, Sicily, Southern Italy
