INTRODUCTION The genetic diversity present in local and improved bean cultivars allows exploring an existing variability already adapted to the specific climatic conditions, contributing a lot to breeding programs. Morphoagronomic characteristics are considered of great importance, since they allow the direct evaluation of agronomic interest characters. The analyze of the relative importance of the characters makes it possible to discard characteristics that contribute less to the discrimination of the evaluated materials, reducing costs and labor in the next experiments, being that the minor importance characteristics may be those that show less variability or that are represented by other one (Cruz, Regazzi e Carneiro, 2012). The present work had the objective of accessing the genetic variability of common bean cultivars and identify the characteristics of greater relative importance.
MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-nine bean cultivars were used for the characterization, 20 belonging to the carioca commercial group and 19 to the black commercial group (tests were performed independently for each commercial group). All cultivars come from breeding programs of public or private institutions from Brazil. The trials were established in four environments in the state of Paraná- BR, two in the 2014/2015 rainy season, in Ponta Grossa and Guarapuava, and two in the dry season of 2015, in Ponta Grossa and Santa Tereza do Oeste. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replicates and plots consisting of four rows of 4 meters spaced 0.5 m, with a population of 12 plants per linear meter, considering the two central lines as a useful plot. The quantitative descriptors evaluated are on Table 1. The evaluations for the descriptors were carried out in a sample of ten plants of each experimental plot (except PROD), and for the statistical analysis the average of each plot was used. The relative importance of the quantitative variables studied was analyzed by the Singh method (Singh, 1981) using the Genes computational program (Cruz, 2013)

Delfini, J.

Moda-Cirino, V.

English

DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska

University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska 3-2017 THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE STUDY OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF COMMON BEAN J. Delfini Agronomic Institute of Paraná State, jessica_delfini@hotmail.com V. Moda-Cirino Agronomic Institute of Paraná State Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub Delfini, J. and Moda-Cirino, V., "THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE STUDY OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF COMMON BEAN" (2017). Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty. 1672. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/1672 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 111 THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE STUDY OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF COMMON BEAN  Delfini, J.1; Moda-Cirino, V.1  1Plant Breeding and Genetics Area. Agronomic Institute of Paraná State. Londrina - Paraná – Brazil jessica_delfini@hotmail.com   INTRODUCTION The genetic diversity present in local and improved bean cultivars allows exploring an existing variability already adapted to the specific climatic conditions, contributing a lot to breeding programs. Morphoagronomic characteristics are considered of great importance, since they allow the direct evaluation of agronomic interest characters. The analyze of the relative importance of the characters makes it possible to discard characteristics that contribute less to the discrimination of the evaluated materials, reducing costs and labor in the next experiments, being that the minor importance characteristics may be those that show less variability or that are represented by other one (Cruz, Regazzi e Carneiro, 2012). The present work had the objective of accessing the genetic variability of common bean cultivars and identify the characteristics of greater relative importance.  MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-nine bean cultivars were used for the characterization, 20 belonging to the carioca commercial group and 19 to the black commercial group (tests were performed independently for each commercial group). All cultivars come from breeding programs of public or private institutions from Brazil. The trials were established in four environments in the state of Paraná-BR, two in the 2014/2015 rainy season, in Ponta Grossa and Guarapuava, and two in the dry season of 2015, in Ponta Grossa and Santa Tereza do Oeste. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replicates and plots consisting of four rows of 4 meters spaced 0.5 m, with a population of 12 plants per linear meter, considering the two central lines as a useful plot. The quantitative descriptors evaluated are on Table 1. The evaluations for the descriptors were carried out in a sample of ten plants of each experimental plot (except PROD), and for the statistical analysis the average of each plot was used. The relative importance of the quantitative variables studied was analyzed by the Singh method (Singh, 1981) using the Genes computational program (Cruz, 2013).   Abbreviation Quantitative characteristics LPL  Length of primary leaf  WPL  Width of the primary leaf  PLI  Primary leaf index  LCL  Length of central leaflet  WCL  Width of the central leaflet  CLI  Central leaflet index  LMS  Length of the main stem  IFP  Insertion of the first pod  NN  Number of stem nodes  LP  Length of the pod  SPOD  Number of seeds per pod  LP  Number of locules per pod  PP  Number of pods per plant  SP  Number of seeds per plant  TMS  Thickness of the main stem  LS  Length of seed  SW  Seed width  ST  Seed Thickness  WSP  Total weight of seeds in the plant  W1000  Weight of 1000 seeds  COEF J  Coefficient J=length/width (seed) COEF H  Coefficient H=thickness/width (seed) PROD  Production  Table 1. Characteristics evaluated. 112 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The characteristics that had greater relative importance according to the method proposed by Singh method in the carioca group were LMS, LS, LPL, WPL and WCL with 12.23, 11.24, 10.90, 10.11 e 9.05%, respectively (Figure 1). For the black group the most important were SW, COEF J, LP and ST with 24.70, 17.44, 11.39 e 10.60%, respectively.   Figure 1 – Relative importance of the characters for carioca beans and black beans group.  The LMS characteristic was the most important variable in the Carioca group, probably due to the presence of plants of determined habit (Type I) among the studied cultivars, providing greater variability for this characteristic. In the black commercial group, the characteristics related to seed size were the most important, and have often been used to distinguish cultivars. Hegay et al., (2014) observed that the size of the seed was the characteristic that most contributed in the distinguishing of the genotypes studied by them. The PROD had low discriminant power in both groups, despite being an important commercial character. An explanation for this result is that the productivity averages did not show much variation. Other characteristics classified as not important also presented similar values between the cultivars evaluated or were correlated with characteristics of greater importance. It can be observed that few characteristics were more important, however these more important characteristics are not the same for the two commercial groups. The most important variables for the genetic divergence of cultivars of the black group are related to the seed, while in the carioca group the most important characteristics are related to the plant morphology. These results show that the most important characteristics for genetic divergence in one group of cultivars are not the same when evaluated in another group, suggesting that the results obtained cannot be extrapolated to different groups.  REFERENCES CRUZ, C.D. Genes - a software package for analysis in experimental statistics and quantitative genetics. Acta Scientiarum, Maringá, v.35, n.3, p.271-276, 2013. CRUZ, C. D.; REGAZZI, A. J.; CARNEIRO, P. C. S. Modelos biométricos aplicados ao melhoramento genético. 4.ed. Viçosa: UFV, 2012, V. 1, 514p. HEGAY, S. et al. Genetic diversity analysis in Phaseolus vulgaris L. using morphological traits. Genetic Resource and Crop Evolution, Gatersleben, v. 61, p. 555-566, 2014. SINGH, D. The relative importance of characters affecting genetic divergence. Indian Journal of Genetic and Plant Breeding, New Delhi, v. 41, p.237-245, 1981.   SW 24.70%COEF J 17.44%LP 11.39%ST 10.60%W1000 5.51%WCL 4.10% LP 3.87%WPL 3.05%LS 2.76%NN 2.53%WSP 1.92%IFP 1.86%PP 1.77%CLI 1.72%TMS 1.55%LPL 1.27%LMS 1.17%COEF H 0.73%SP 0.68%LCL 0.63%SPOD 0.41%PROD 0.29%PLI 0.03%OthersRelative importance - black beansLMS 12.23%LS 11.24%LPL 10.90%WPL 10.11%WCL 9.05%PLI 6.96%LP 6.94%SW 4.03%CLI 3.83%W1000 3.78%TMS 3.62%LP 3.55%SP 3.10%ST 2.64%WSP 2.08%LCL 1.50%IFP 1.49%NN 0.95%PP 0.78%PROD 0.66%SPOD 0.31%COEF H 0.24%COEF J 0.01%OthersRelative importance - Carioca beans

THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE STUDY OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF COMMON BEAN

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University of Nebraska - Lincoln 
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln 
Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska 
3-2017 
THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE 
STUDY OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF COMMON BEAN 
J. Delfini 
Agronomic Institute of Paraná State, jessica_delfini@hotmail.com 
V. Moda-Cirino 
Agronomic Institute of Paraná State 
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub 
Delfini, J. and Moda-Cirino, V., "THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE STUDY OF 
THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF COMMON BEAN" (2017). Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty. 1672. 
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/1672 
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research 
Service, Lincoln, Nebraska at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in 
Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of 
Nebraska - Lincoln. 
111 
THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE STUDY OF THE GENETIC 
DIVERSITY OF COMMON BEAN 
 
Delfini, J.1; Moda-Cirino, V.1 
 
1Plant Breeding and Genetics Area. Agronomic Institute of Paraná State. Londrina - Paraná – Brazil 
jessica_delfini@hotmail.com 
 
 
INTRODUCTION 
The genetic diversity present in local and improved bean cultivars allows exploring an existing 
variability already adapted to the specific climatic conditions, contributing a lot to breeding programs. 
Morphoagronomic characteristics are considered of great importance, since they allow the direct 
evaluation of agronomic interest characters. The analyze of the relative importance of the characters 
makes it possible to discard characteristics that contribute less to the discrimination of the evaluated 
materials, reducing costs and labor in the next experiments, being that the minor importance 
characteristics may be those that show less variability or that are represented by other one (Cruz, Regazzi 
e Carneiro, 2012). The present work had the objective of accessing the genetic variability of common 
bean cultivars and identify the characteristics of greater relative importance. 
 
MATERIAL AND METHODS 
Thirty-nine bean cultivars were used for the 
characterization, 20 belonging to the carioca commercial 
group and 19 to the black commercial group (tests were 
performed independently for each commercial group). 
All cultivars come from breeding programs of public or 
private institutions from Brazil. The trials were 
established in four environments in the state of Paraná-
BR, two in the 2014/2015 rainy season, in Ponta Grossa 
and Guarapuava, and two in the dry season of 2015, in 
Ponta Grossa and Santa Tereza do Oeste. The 
experimental design was a randomized complete block 
with three replicates and plots consisting of four rows of 
4 meters spaced 0.5 m, with a population of 12 plants per 
linear meter, considering the two central lines as a useful 
plot. The quantitative descriptors evaluated are on Table 
1. The evaluations for the descriptors were carried out in 
a sample of ten plants of each experimental plot (except 
PROD), and for the statistical analysis the average of 
each plot was used. The relative importance of the 
quantitative variables studied was analyzed by the Singh 
method (Singh, 1981) using the Genes computational 
program (Cruz, 2013). 
  
Abbreviation Quantitative characteristics 
LPL  Length of primary leaf  
WPL  Width of the primary leaf  
PLI  Primary leaf index  
LCL  Length of central leaflet  
WCL  Width of the central leaflet  
CLI  Central leaflet index  
LMS  Length of the main stem  
IFP  Insertion of the first pod  
NN  Number of stem nodes  
LP  Length of the pod  
SPOD  Number of seeds per pod  
LP  Number of locules per pod  
PP  Number of pods per plant  
SP  Number of seeds per plant  
TMS  Thickness of the main stem  
LS  Length of seed  
SW  Seed width  
ST  Seed Thickness  
WSP  Total weight of seeds in the plant  
W1000  Weight of 1000 seeds  
COEF J  Coefficient J=length/width (seed) 
COEF H  Coefficient H=thickness/width (seed) 
PROD  Production  
Table 1. Characteristics evaluated. 
112 
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 
The characteristics that had greater relative importance according to the method proposed by 
Singh method in the carioca group were LMS, LS, LPL, WPL and WCL with 12.23, 11.24, 10.90, 10.11 e 
9.05%, respectively (Figure 1). For the black group the most important were SW, COEF J, LP and ST 
with 24.70, 17.44, 11.39 e 10.60%, respectively. 
 
 
Figure 1 – Relative importance of the characters for carioca beans and black beans group. 
 
The LMS characteristic was the most important variable in the Carioca group, probably due to the 
presence of plants of determined habit (Type I) among the studied cultivars, providing greater variability 
for this characteristic. In the black commercial group, the characteristics related to seed size were the 
most important, and have often been used to distinguish cultivars. Hegay et al., (2014) observed that the 
size of the seed was the characteristic that most contributed in the distinguishing of the genotypes studied 
by them. The PROD had low discriminant power in both groups, despite being an important commercial 
character. An explanation for this result is that the productivity averages did not show much variation. 
Other characteristics classified as not important also presented similar values between the cultivars 
evaluated or were correlated with characteristics of greater importance. It can be observed that few 
characteristics were more important, however these more important characteristics are not the same for 
the two commercial groups. The most important variables for the genetic divergence of cultivars of the 
black group are related to the seed, while in the carioca group the most important characteristics are 
related to the plant morphology. These results show that the most important characteristics for genetic 
divergence in one group of cultivars are not the same when evaluated in another group, suggesting that 
the results obtained cannot be extrapolated to different groups. 
 
REFERENCES 
CRUZ, C.D. Genes - a software package for analysis in experimental statistics and quantitative genetics. Acta 
Scientiarum, Maringá, v.35, n.3, p.271-276, 2013. 
CRUZ, C. D.; REGAZZI, A. J.; CARNEIRO, P. C. S. Modelos biométricos aplicados ao melhoramento 
genético. 4.ed. Viçosa: UFV, 2012, V. 1, 514p. 
HEGAY, S. et al. Genetic diversity analysis in Phaseolus vulgaris L. using morphological traits. Genetic 
Resource and Crop Evolution, Gatersleben, v. 61, p. 555-566, 2014. 
SINGH, D. The relative importance of characters affecting genetic divergence. Indian Journal of Genetic and 
Plant Breeding, New Delhi, v. 41, p.237-245, 1981. 
  
SW 24.70%
COEF J 17.44%
LP 11.39%
ST 10.60%
W1000 5.51%
WCL 4.10% LP 3.87%
WPL 3.05%
LS 2.76%
NN 2.53%
WSP 1.92%
IFP 1.86%
PP 1.77%
CLI 1.72%
TMS 1.55%
LPL 1.27%
LMS 1.17%
COEF H 0.73%
SP 0.68%
LCL 0.63%
SPOD 0.41%
PROD 0.29%
PLI 0.03%
Others
Relative importance - black beans
LMS 12.23%
LS 11.24%
LPL 10.90%
WPL 10.11%
WCL 9.05%
PLI 6.96%
LP 6.94%
SW 4.03%
CLI 3.83%
W1000 3.78%
TMS 3.62%
LP 3.55%
SP 3.10%
ST 2.64%
WSP 2.08%
LCL 1.50%
IFP 1.49%
NN 0.95%
PP 0.78%
PROD 0.66%
SPOD 0.31%
COEF H 0.24%
COEF J 0.01%
Others
Relative importance - Carioca beans


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THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE CHARACTERS IN THE STUDY OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF COMMON BEAN

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