Keragaman 17 Aksesi Plasma Nutfah Kakao Berdasarkan Penanda Morfologi Dan Molekuler

Abstract

Cocoa is one of other important crops of Indonesia. Comprehensive information of cocoa is therefore needed, including molecular information for crop improvement.The purpose of this experiment was to find out information of genetic variation, genetic relationship and cultivar identification of cocoa by using morphology character and molecular analysis. The experiment was conducted at field in South Sulawesi and Molecular Biology Laboratory of BB-Biogen, Bogor since March till December 2011. Genetic material used were 17 accessions of cocoa, and other material were chemical substances. Besides morphological characteristics, molecular markers were also analyzed by using several steps: DNA isolation uses CTAB methods by Doyle and Doyle, DNA purification uses Sambrook and Russel methods, and amplification and electrophoresis reaction uses Williams methods. Whereas genetically similarity were analyzed by using N-Tsys. Result showsed that of 46 band patterns of DNA is resulted from 8 primers yielded of 36 band patterns of polymorphism (78%) and 10 band patterns of monomorphism. Based on the cluster analysis of 14 main morphologycal characters, it was obtained a dendrogram with similarity coefficient about 65-98% or genetic variation about 2-35%. While cluster analysis to 46 band patterns of DNA was obtained a dendrogram with similarity coefficient about 64-91% or genetic variation about 9-36%. Based on morphologycal and genetic characters, both the results show narrow variation