Perbaikan Pembungaan Dan Pembijian Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah Dengan Pemberian Naungan Plastik Transparan Dan Aplikasi Asam Gibberelat

Abstract

The main problem in producing true shallotseed (TSS) as source of healthy seed in Indonesia is low flowering and seed set of shallots. The experiment was conducted atExperimental Garden of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI), Lembang (1,250 m asl.) from May to November2010. Objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of varieties, gibberellic acid, and transparent plastic shelter on flowering andtrue seed forming of shallots. A split plot design with three replications was used in this experiment. Main plots were three shallotvarieties i.e. Allium ascalonicum cv. Maja, Bima, and Kuning. Subplots were four combinations of gibberellic acid and transparentplastic sheltering i.e. (1) no sheltering and gibberellic acid applying; (2) no sheltering and applying 200 ppm gibberellic acid; (3)transparent plastic sheltering and no gibberellic acid application, and (4) transparent plastic sheltering and application of 200 ppmgibberellic acid. Before planting, mother bulb seed were vernalized in 10oC for 3 weeks. The results showed that there was interactionbetween variety, gibberellic acid, and transparent plastic sheltering on percentage of shallots plant number which produced flower.The highest percentage of shallots plant number producing flower up to 54.06% was obtained on A. ascalonicum cv. Bima withoutapplication of transparent plastic sheltering and gibberellic acid. The highest yield of TSS, viz. 16.11 kg/ha for Maja and 13.07 kg/ha for Bima was determined on application of transparent plastic sheltering and 200 ppm gibberellic acid. The flowers of Kuningvariety did not produce TSS because the flowers were attacked by fungi diseases. The quantity and quality of TSS yield were stilllow due to unsupporting weather for the flowering and seedling of shallots optimally