This slide presentation reviews the issue of liquid hydrogen consumption and the points of its loss in prior to the shuttle launch. It traces the movement of the fuel from the purchase to the on-board quantity and the loss that results in 54.6 of the purchased quantity being on board the Shuttle

Partridge, Jonathan K.

NASA Technical Reports Server

Kennedy Space Center 
C e n te rOpe ra ti 0 n s D i recto ra te !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 
Liquid Hydrogen Consumption 
During Space Shuttle Program 
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20110008561 2019-08-30T15:11:13+00:00Z
· . 
N~ Overview of Liquid Hydrogen Consumption 
Kennedy Space Center 
C e n te r 0 p e ra ti 0 n 5 Dire c to ra te !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 
Liquid Hydrogen Replenish Normal Load On-board 
Purchased Loss Eva~oration Loss Loss Quantity 
It t 
February 25, 2011 2 
' . . 
N~ Replenish Loss 
Kennedy Space Center 
C e n te r 0 p e ra ti 0 n s Dire cto ra te !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 
Liquid Hydrogen Replenish 
Purchased Loss 
Normal 
Evaporation Loss 
Load 
Loss 
On-board 
Quantity 
t 
Replenish Loss is based on quantity of liquid hydrogen transferred to Ground 
Storage Tank or total amount of liquid hydrogen purchased 
Replenish Loss occurs due to chill-down of transfer system and tanker 
pressurization. 
Replenish Loss is approximately 13% 
February 25, 2011 3 
Normal Evaporation Loss 
Kennedy Space Center 
C e n te r 0 p e ra ti 0 n s Dire cto ra te !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 
Liquid Hydrogen Replenish 
Purchased Loss 
Normal 
Evaporation Loss 
Load 
Loss 
On-board 
Quantity 
t 
Normal Evaporation Loss occurs due to the heat transferred from the ambient to 
the Ground Storage Tank, which results in liquid hydrogen evaporation 
Normal Evaporation Loss is dependent upon time and heat gain rate. 
Normal Evaporation Loss resulted in approximately 12% of the total liquid 
hydrogen purchased over the entire Space Shuttle Program. 
February 25, 2011 4 
Load Loss 
Kennedy Space Center 
C e n te r 0 p e ra ti 0 n 5 Dire c to ra te !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 
Liquid Hydrogen Replenish 
Purchased Loss 
Normal 
Evaporation Loss 
Load 
Loss 
On-board 
Quantity 
t 
Load Loss occurs due to: (1) chill-down of ground system, (2) chill-down of flight 
system, and (3) evaporation through External Tank during stable replenishment 
Load Loss is dependent upon number of occurrence (launch, scrub, tanking test, 
Flight Readiness Firing) 
Load Loss resulted in approximately 21 % of the total liquid hydrogen purchased 
over the entire Space Shuttle Program. 
February 25, 2011 5 
· . 
N~ On-board Quantity 
Kennedy Space Center 
Center Operations Directorate !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 
Liquid Hydrogen Replenish 
Purchased Loss 
Normal 
Evaporation Loss 
On-board Quantity is the volume of the External Tank 
Load 
Loss 
On-board Quantity is dependent upon number of launches 
On-board 
Quantity 
t 
On-board Quantity resulted in approximately 55% of the total liquid hydrogen 
purchased over the entire Space Shuttle Program. 
February 25, 2011 6 
· . 
N~ Historical Consumption Summary 
Kennedy Space Center 
C e n te r 0 p e ra ti 0 n s Dire c to ra te !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 
Liquid Hydrogen Replenish 
Purchased Loss 
Normal 
Evaporation Loss 
Load 
Loss 
On-board 
Quantity 
t 
Liquid Hydrogen Consumption over Entire Space Shuttle Program 
Liquid Hydrogen Purchased 
Replenish Loss 
Normal Evaporation Loss 
Load Loss 
On-board Quantity 
February 25, 2011 
12.6% 
12.2% 
20.6% 
54.6% 
54,200,000 Ib 
6,800,000 Ib 
6,600,000 Ib 
11,200,000Ib 
29,600,000 Ib 
7 


Liquid Hydrogen Consumption During Space Shuttle Program

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