The caries experience of 5 year-old children in Scotland in 2013-2014, and in England and Wales in 2014-2015. Reports of cross-sectional dental surveys using BASCD criteria
Objective: We report the findings from and comment on the surveys of the oral health of 5-year-old children undertaken in Scotland
(2013-14), Wales (2014-15) and England (2014-15). This was the fourteenth survey in Scotland since 1988. In England and Wales it is the
third survey since 2007 when changes were required in consent arrangements. Method: Representative samples were drawn within Health
Boards across Scotland and local authorities across England and Wales. Consent was sought via opt-out parental consent in Scotland and
opt-in parental consent in England and Wales. Children examined were those aged five in England and those in Primary 1 (school year
aged 5 to 6) in Scotland and Wales. Examinations were conducted in schools by trained and calibrated examiners. Caries was visually
diagnosed at the dentinal threshold. Results: There is a continuing decline in d3mft in all three countries. d3mft was 1.27 (opt-out consent)
for Scotland, 0.84 for England (opt-in consent) and 1.29 for Wales (opt-in consent). Tooth decay levels remain higher in more deprived
areas across Great Britain, with clear inequalities gradients demonstrated across all geographies. Attempts to measure changes in dental
health inequalities across the three countries show no conclusive trends. Conclusion: Inter-country comparisons provide further oral health
intelligence despite differences in approach and timing. The third surveys in England and Wales using the new consent arrangements
have enabled trend analysis. Dental health inequalities gradients were shown across all geographies and all of the indicators of inequalit