Structure of fabric layers for micrometeoroid protection garment with capability for eliminating heat shorts for use in manufacturing space suit

Johnston, R. S.

English

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NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION. 
I WAsMlnoTon, D.C. W46 
~ S I / ~ c i e n t i f  i c  & Technical Intornation ~ivision 
AtkontLonm Hiar Winnim H. Morgan 
~ ~ / ~ f f i c e  of Asai?tapt General Counsel for 1. Patent Matters r q  
SUBJECTS ' Announcement of NASA-Owned U. 8. Patent6 i n  STAR 
I n  accordance with the procedures agreed upon by Code GP 
and Code USI, the attached NASA-owned.U. I. 'Patent is being 
foswarded for abstractingl and announcement in IQIS8A S!tAR. 
6 .  
The following inf omatLon La 'p;ravldedc 
t 
U. S, Patent  NO. 
Government o r  
: corporate Employee 
Supplementary Corporate 
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Sauce (if applicable) 8 
NASA Patent Case No. I . HSc-/z/a9 
XOTE - I f  th i s  patent covers an invention made by a corporate 
eriployee of a NASA Contractor, the followAng i e  applicable8 
yes 0 NO B 
Pursuant t o  Section 305(a) of the National Aeronautice and 
', Space A c t ,  the name of the Administrator of NASA appear6 on 
the f i r s t  page of the patent; however, the name of the actual 
inventor (author) appears at the heading of Column No, 1 Of 
the SpeciSication, f ollawing the words . .: . with respect to 
an invention of . . . . - 
- Elizabeth A. Carter - 
~nclosbre  ' 
co2y of Patent aited abwe 
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https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19710016809 2020-03-17T03:06:38+00:00Z
United States Patent [ l i r  3,563,198 
[72] Inventor Richard S. Johmton 
Seabrmk, Tex. 
/21] Appl. No 889,376 
I221 Filed Dw.3B.1969 
[44] Patented Feb. 86,B97B 
[73] Assignee The United States of 4meri;ca as represented 
by the A d m i n ~ r a t a r  of the National 
Aeronautics zund Space .&drmioistractioa. 
[541 FABRIC FOR MICRBMETECDWOBD PROTECTION 
GARMEW 
3 CBainss, 2 Drswhg Figs. 
[52] U.S.43 ........................................................ 1121402, 
21275,218 1 
15 g g ant. cr ......................................................... IIPOS~~P 93/00 
(501 Field of Search ............................................ 1 121402, 
432,434,440,262; 21272,274,275,24j,81,82, 
I561 References Cited 
UNBTED STATES PATENTS 
1.306.5 18 6/19 19 Briones ........................ 1 121420 
2,353,984 711944 Barone ......................... 
2,832,198 411958 Datiof .......................... 
3,090,047 5!1963 DeGrazia ..................... 
............................. 3,303,515 211967 Lash 
3,449,764 611969 DeFazio et al ................ 
FOREIGN PATENTS 
......................... 1,262,014 411 96 1 France 
902,468 811 962 Great Britain ................ 
Primary Examzne--James R. Boler 
Altorneys-W A. Marconre!!, bfarv~n F Matthews and 6.1 
McCoy 
ABSTRACT: A structure of fabrtc layers 1s arranged so as to 
ellmlnate heat shorts therethrough and eornprlses a plenralnty 
of rndlvldually grouped layer\, each layer consisklng of stacked 
fabrlcs Each of the layers of stacked f~,,Rr~cs rc; slnbched 
together In qurltllke fasillon to form a cnrtarg or 1ntegraP body 
The layers are laid one upon another in ofisat str?ch manner, 
that IS, with the st~tch lrnes of each fabric being dsspoqed inter- 
mediate the st~tch llne of the adjacent fabrlc so a% to avola a 
common heat transfer avenue through all layers 
Patented Feb. 16, 1971 3,563,198 
3,563,198 
1 2 
FABRIC FOR MICIOMETFUROID PWO'rECTPON 3ETA!P,ED DESCRIP1;GN 
GARIXH%T fi'c~v'ith reference now to the d-awngs :n~e.re ti:? nL-ochn a matart 
The ira,,entiaa ciescrEbed hrreir was made by an ernpEoyee a1 as1:mbly Par B thermal zaicrorraeteoroid protec::mn $armer*t 
of the "jurire,s8 .A d .&A L?:' and may be manufacrFlred 5 embodyiirg :he inventjos? ~ n d  which serves as bor?: & be3,t and 
micrometeoroid barrier for as!'orcacts' &pace sui ts .  6t ;%)iEI .:c 
and used by or for the Governnrent for governnlental punpses 
r p  ,. 
.,ri?horr+ 15:: payr-!en! afany royalties thereon or therefor. . ,,o~arized ahst the illustrated consi,raction ci)~1~Bitules 
of r:rsii.esous identic$ sections thrc~uah 8'1 : ? * i ~  .; ,qarn?en;. 
- 
Bri',C!CGRBUVD OF T64E I1 "S'Er:TlOI*i Th- *ke,rn?l -nd r ~ l i i .  J Q I I ~ P ~ ~ P O J ~  pmtech*at- 8-1 m,"L CCOPPS 58, 
13 of '3 fip,t layer grzup 31s) ; ;ld a aacorJ !,- CE g r o ~ p  36111 crcj- 
The ??resent inveninori reizrcs t- ~ w o r o v ~ ~ s i e n l s  ~n "r'brlc of such grruas b21ng cornpas-4 i)r" ra  , F r r z - i  rn! "7 a7 rrac ce 
seam ,07'~1truct@c)n, and more p a r t ~ c ~ ~ r ~ i y  1 x i ~ a l ~ ~  Ir: *he p::ater~al~ is h ~ c h  i,b~ke fop 1hnl.r C V I I  IS. i* btdldttn~ 
yroduciror~ (xf vnult~layered mtarersa% sr.?? use rrh :hemd PO- protective cha .3~  :, .-1 c l i  n**i A:? f c r  t>\&<np!~ :*I" 
tac!,an gair'ea;Fa The ul~iizarion of protrctsve clot&rl-ig fcr each of the ia)ievJ to *,,~ve as "nany as ~rpl-P .,P P* pai_ r ~ 9 6 ~ 1 i l  c araii 
peisaas operainsrg li. huslrle e i ~ ~ : ~ c m r n ~ ~ i ~  requ-res 5 rnatPrlai 1 ini:ilhe 1$41 h?-Cf l o l ~ n  bri F1:) gnc i ayers 3 6 1 
multai, yer cabncs of varrnus rriate~ala s~nce  nnd~vidual or Z I P -  3 t b )  are dlsposed an ussie;mzd*ate: manme- herween 'the u p ~ c  
gie Paye*faE?.r*cs cannot adeqiaa+it" piotectehe wearer Thus it rind lower judace hayeas sta) and 5) c x ,  r e c s c c b d ~ e l y  rr*, 
1s C O P ~ K ! ~ ~  :0 find n?i fire figbte-s ?,a:-rzert? 'or example, niul- layers 5(a ) ,  ~ ( 6 ,  itlcls ase cc,mpias:c o: , ;-ILrd,,l 
tapie lsjer fabmcs and muttrr le ccu.-se statchling The layers in marerlals nr laminae c b . p ~ ~  for t h e ~ r  ~ ~ , r t l i ~ ~ a r  t - i  ulntt\c 0 
such garvents are cca-miinly af.F;iled to one 4i.rofher at a cann- 20 prorestave cbaracrcru t lnc.  ">xc ian~enae an -,ch i f  the '?)ti: 
rnon p ~ s i ~ t o r  at prade*er-tlneti pcqnts In order to render bha~re ,,, physlca~ly co,lnlecied *(, aa7.0thr: by  ?i taekr"l, 
to the garment Oi?xerwlke mner or ntermedrate Payers would statches 7 TFie stn:clnc\ 13 each laqer 12 ' 1 )  .e rhc lajrnvrar to 
slzdc a v w  from one another maknng the garmen, d~ficult  1.0 form Q~~ layer p v  belrIe arSabF/,ed to forre ,? qrillCi I , ~  ndreerq ,>s 
draw on and sonctlrrcs curnberso~re to work hn A   no st $I&- F t l t c~IP lg  Phtou8;iodP ~ , h ~ ~  sf ,k ia ldri  l i n i r 1 7 e c ~ x r  
n~ficziar dlsadvaniage of timis prros art ~nultllayer-snngle stitch 2j illas comp~ctcd pnece r r ~  c k  r+ete -r 5 &, 
constnucilion technjque, psrtacuiaa!y la heat protectrve gar- disposed on a table ail6 Innen layer 3ibl p - s ~ t ~ o ~ c c ~  rhertqaivc* 
merits, la that le DPdoucCi zornpresslon of the garment layers so that tlmc sececb r,l,es of rhe one !ajer a c zfk'u":e with pqx.: 
along the snrachang 93ns Such compieszlon ecduces substan- t~ the srltch lanes of tqe ether Rsyer i t  r ?  ,oggesf$"d met t 
tlaE?j the necessary <pacing beeween laye:, whsch nornraZiy strtches of one layer be d~sposed appruxnnia.c y mper.mecrrd*c 
enhance% the thermal snsulating propertses Cornpsessncn of 30 the strtch patten? of %he adjacent Bayet so ,- to t s ~ e b y  cclr 
the layers at 'hc stnecb area therefore produces a heat-short -in stantrally preclude craxfnr of heat thrhi l tc~~ ?.kt,: crl,cbes ! " l c i ~  
the thermal ~vsuiatmg structure hiso, unltary seaming of all selvcs from oa r  'nzyel to ci,;e next 1~;-1er -yzr  J(u > ,.: n re i~  ; Gj 
Ihc jayess produces increased lenssIe loads On the nnnhvsdual layer 30,) i n  5tmrlar cff5ec i (s?drironqhir i  , , th 
seams since they carry greater boads, and results In eAposuac of q,~aked laarunae of one laye; are asrangcJ dnd sf I .$C~CQ %I. ~ t h  
the unitary structural seam :a poterrtlnl abnasson, conoslon 35 respect PO the, tac!ca;ag st*tches of 1% LIC~ZCC"?' fay;) "h., I ~ L ~ P ,  From beat or wear and heme pnssnble farlure, the result of 
accompl!shed an bat17 ir>.rgncud*r,aE and arrra~ * 4 i i ~ ~ t ~ ~ n \  14 
which would be separation of all layers of the garment 
shown an F"5 2 La\ei S ( b )  is, then aiwt1n~'v poshl mqer 4 % ~  
SUMMARY OF THE 'INVEPITFON the Layers S:n r ,  3(a ) ,  3(L),  and 5 t h )  hat - i. 5-n 1x10 one Tor 
40 the other afii?awn 112 CIG I a S P I I C ~ B ~ ~  zani 9 E L  e~i~iael$  
The r~stanal nverltron obk~ates all ofthe aheeme~?keoned is- through cr,ecture rn  osdcj to 8-rtegszuy ccnrz6 phe a\614  
advantages d l ~ c h e d  In the Prior art by ~rotldgng an inexpen- to one rnothe- The seam 9 thus condituics the soic ,trucrural 
stve method and structure wi'lach wall effectively seal off tern- c ~ ~ ~ n e ; t ~ o ~  bl"tb lo;,en~ In to remove \ \ e  se?n 4) 
peratwre shorts that develop at racklng pe>lnG, seltches, and fro, exposn:re In tile I~osiaje and/or Picate6 rnvrrcitTme*lt 1 E 
seams IIP protective garmcrts The concept and structure the upper !aye: and tnncr lalev :bc) ale: u irorded r p b r  
desclnbed hereinafter for this purpose 15 exemplified by the 45 ;aj,,,, 3(b ,  ard 5: , a  i \  sirc~rn in FIG 2 FE 0 0 % ~  a,%v 11 I\ "ie? 
use ofmater~als whrch makes the resaltant structure part~cia- :,,at aPrhJdpl; t;acl, (,, 7rf ccnna,le;i t~ forti 
larly adaptable for use by an astronaut operaelng En an en- reSpk"C. ig:d2fi;, tbbhl , jic-,iRg thereof r r c c l u ~ e s  bea"bn.t 
vironnlent requlrlng not 0 n h  thermal rnliuht~on bul also from the f,urrr;o envrvcamenl k g  to the g-oecied S n v r r O I B T b ~ A p ~  
micrometeoro~d protzct~on he shouEd be readily apparent, g3 ~t the s,ne tylse the laminae t&nernc.t;lve* zi-e n ~ v ~ r i l g ; l e ~ ~  
however, that the statclinvig and stmsctu.emrai concept herem may and nrriangtd In such lc remode +lie co.t-
he applned to maternals ofher than those lnrentroned Fnre necrion ( 9 )  frowh exkosure to the ha5epie ewvrennmeri- 
fightemVgarmenes reprebenf but one OR such other uses. IS) order to stdl tuia.+er ins~~se  against d h ~ d %  btwX Ih:ot~gb 
Briefly, the Inventlorn obviates the common heat short ~.n- phe stltch 9, tbee ,jn&r svdc oa the c,bicn bezm iL 
herent irk pram art garmen& i?: ?Pcm~namng the strtch whrch is 55 covered with a s t rv~  matcrbaff 15 PihFOh"iCOs ss* s ~ ~ ~ e r ~  
common to a l ~  Eayels and by removrng external expo5Ul.e of layers of Kapton and *even hycrs of IRTIQU settc Kdptrr, c 
any stitch to the hoseale environment Thrs 1s done first by 
~ ) i , i ~ o n l  trade rams, if a pdylmide chaaacses3zed by l.is pan- 
stitchnng the larnlarae of component layers and by tacking a i d  flammabiErty nn air and e@ miin~wnalIqr fldmn~abis ri1fu-e rr u x -  
layen to one another wath the scsaches of each offset of SQg- yge,. The rntei.;or sudace of the strtp 15 14 ci~arac+er*zed by a)? 
gered with respect to cts adjacent Lyer. Addittonally a uniqce 60 aluminked or reflective coatdng WSta) l he T - P q U 8 6 C d e  
overla&. arrangement of surface layer eliminates the material BS(b) 1s pos:k%oned on the eaberis,,R s ~ d e  of tj11" InsurZ 
expsure  of the eacb~ng stitch. As a resuit no single sfltch or tive seirlp or  crspe 15(a) The marqulwtte prekcrabEy canslsts 
rack goes through the whole a s ~ m b l y *  thereby eBectlvel~ a weave of Fnberglas threads whnch a re  adapt-d to .;crvc 
el iminat~n~ heat shorts Em the garment nn which it 8s uxd. primarily as spacer& for the maternals tsa clther \IJ& thereof 
~iirese and numerous other features and advmlages of the 65 The entire strip IS 1s preferably cenaented to the urides sade of' 
present invention become readily apparent upon a reading of Iayea 5(b )  at thc pannks 156~)  and 15(di StrT! further paofec 
the following demIe,.d dewmptnon, clams and drawings tlon is acqrsnred by use of a 'a~Eadder layer I 9  whtc'~ * arqpoicd 
wherern. over strip 15 2nd r~rnilarly cemented a i w g  :ermins% :dgo 
BRIEF DESCRIPTIGN OF THE DRAWINGS to the layers ( 0 )  and SEb). The prr-wry fusacrea~u.~ of \wch 70 bladder laves -3 rne~e1b to Daoteer the drrn I3 5 ~ n m  ~ F P Y " \ I I - + I  
7 
FIG. 1 is a side view showing Rayup order of the various ;and/or tearing. 
laminae. It is ebvrous that many mod~ficat~~inq~ 1 a ~  wnruatson< c '  t % ~  
PIG. f illustrates a pempective cross section through a mi- present i nven~on  are possible rn Irght of *he above tcachcge, 
sal fabric layup and stitching amangenaent embdying the in- For instance, the seam st~wcture may br for m;ny t -  nirs 
vention. 75 besides g.3ments wherein the number t-F iurr  1-16~ "7.aflidy,ai 
3,563,198 
3 4 
may be clmnged W B ~ ~ G U ~  %abrdtlOn 111 the wientmn SrlBl together by first seam means along a common edge pur 
further, rt 1s clear that t"o esu~-'r:ce area slzcs of the layers Enon thereof to toem a layered comgcncn:! qf t he  srtac!, 
between the connecteng seams Q may be cmed  1x1 accordance having fi st and second face sides, 
wlth thc partlcidar type of garmefit and/or the area on Ehe car- each of s a d  layers comprising a %erne3 ol hbrkc: iarnkna 
ment at wtllci: the *earn occurs 82 IS thereme to be un- 5 connected together by tackrng st?tClhPS ~ e w p  th-ougn eac " 
derstood $ha: the spirrt of :he ~n~enttoar may he pracdaced Layer ar po~nts 7cguBarEy dusteibuted over the slgrhce 
ollaeavsse than as spec~fi'ncaliy do.cribed w~ehovt  depaning tkaereufso th%t each of sard layers became* a ai"tiasrql cow- 
from thc scrspx of the apoended claim? ponent of the article, 
I cla~w adjacent layers nP sad layered casmgone.iat bemy ~+:Bsctu-~eE\ 
1 i2.e metilaod of assembli~g a pblr~uhhy of I E Y F ; T S  51. ther 10 posltnoned where$i she lacking saiacAcs 0: on: laver 1 
malSy insularii e materials se as to prepare a vir arabre gannsznt EateraBl? ofa'scl *ciativc tc the aching s"ce*,c21es of 2n tz 
theaeftorn having shabs&nttally no heat ieahs a i  the i;eda~tsts gacent Eaycr so as to thereby obstruct kb.: cond~ctnve 
thereof ccaxpe-cinp transfer of heat by sard tacking sistcbes t:-aeougk :.& C' 
laying out a first stack of laminae sa as to f o ~ n  a first layer, layered compoalent, 
tacknag tag-ther the Earnrnae of %ad clack so as ru unis~ze 15 at one laver of sard lal,cred cornpenen*, G~~~ 
sasd layer, 
pas" tonlng and tacknng ziddltaonal stacks of Xamnae so as to 
form addstnunsl can:eazed layezs, 
posrtroning said :ayers, oac on lop of a ~ l ~ t h ? ~  ulith the 
rack~nag of eacn Iryer dlspo%d rn offqet eeaatwn ~ 8 t h  20 
rerpect to the t j tk~ag of aojarenf layers, 
sewaiag all saad layers together wleh a commcxn stitch, 
separating at least ~ h c  uppermost layer and foidlng ~t over 
sand ~orni%oa, trtch so as to covcr the outer exposed sear- 
h c e  ofthe strtch, and 2 5 
covering tiJe tnner s ~ r f a c e  ufehe stntch wrah a heat insulating 
strap of material 
2 An srtlcle of manufacture for eKcct~*rePy pneelud~ng heat 
shorts therethrough comprssrng 
a ~1u.ralat.i af lavers of arotectlve maternal dlsaosed nn sur- 30 
face slde being folded up and over said seam rpzans so a, 
no coastiitute a I q e r  for a subsusntlally adenticaii ta.fcse~ 
component and connected thereto kji a s:cX)kd 4eii'i* 
mearks thereby conce4ang sard first seam means from S ~ E <  
first face srde, and 
elongate strip mean: f~avang one lonpatudloai edge securer 
to the second faax sade layer of \ard layere? comooner 
and the ather longntadtnnal edge secured to khe seco-id 
fzce snde of sari? folded over Iayer thereby ccvenng thc 
second face srde of sasd yeam means 9 0  rnsuu ate sarrc 
from the condustlve transfer of nc 6& *%rough 591d *??m 
betwecn sard firs?. and second face vdc 
3 The article of clarm 2 wherean said ehm2;atr strrp h?s I 
reflectwe coating thereon 
face arfiacent relation to one another and secured 


Fabric for micrometeoroid protection garment Patent

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