Study of hydrogen slush-hydrogen gel utilization is presented in two volume publication. The first volume contains the physical and thermal property data for hydrogen used in the study. In the second volume, details of the technical effort are presented including parametric analysis of effects on vehicle systems

Keller, C. W.

English

NASA Technical Reports Server

October 1967 Brief 67-10413 
NASA TECH BRIEF, 
NASA Tech Briefs are issued to summarize specific innovations derived from the U.S. space program, 
to encourage their commercial application. Copies are available to the public at 15 cents each 
from the Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Virginia 22151. 
Study of Hydrogen Slush—Hydrogen Gel Utilization 
The study of hydrogen slush-hydrogen gel utiliza-
tion constitutes the first formal investigation of sub-
cooled liquid and slush hydrogen fuels for space ve-
hicle applications. Results of this study program are 
reported in two volumes. The first volume contains 
the physical and thermal property data for hydrogen 
used in the study plus complete property data from the 
triple point to the critical point. In the second volume, 
details of the technical effort are presented including 
parametric analysis of effects on vehicle systems and 
applications of subcooled hydrogen to three study 
vehicles. 
Because it was determined that insufficient data 
were available on hydrogen gels, it was decided to con-
centrate the study effort on triple-point hydrogen. In 
phase 1, all available property data on subcooled 
(including slush) and gelled hydrogen were compiled 
for later use in phases 2 and 3. In phase 2, effects of 
using triple-point hydrogen were investigated on 
vehicle subsystem designs in parametric fashion. 
These effects were then evaluated for each of the 
affected vehicle subsystems prior to the phase 3 
vehicle application studies.
In conducting phase 1 it was found that all of the 
fundamental physical and thermal properties of hy-
drogen needed to properly perform phases 2 and 3 
were available in the literature. It was further found 
that additional data in the form of triple-point hydro-
gen flow characteristics will be required to conduct 
detail design of flight subsystems. 
Note: 
A complete report of the findings of this study is 
contained in Lockheed Missiles and Space Company 
report K-11-67-1, volumes I and II, available from: 
Technology Utilization Officer 
Marshall Space Flight Center 
Huntsville, Alabama 35812 
Reference: B67-10413 
Patent status: 
Inquiries about obtaining rights for the commercial 
use of this invention may be made to NASA, Code 
GP, Washington, D.C. 20546.
Source: C. W. Keller

of Lockheed Missiles and Space Company

under contract to

Marshal Space Flight Center

(M FS- 13068) 
Category 02 
This document was prepared under the sponsorship of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration. Neither the United States 
Government nor any person acting on behalf of the United States
Government assumes any liability resulting from the use of the 
information contained in this document, or warrants that such use 
will be free from privately owned rights.
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Study of hydrogen slush-hydrogen gel utilization

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