Efikasi Isolat Cendawan Mikoriza Arbuskula Indigenous Pisang Terhadap Nematoda Radopholus Similis Pada Pisang Ambon Hijau

Abstract

. Jumjunidang. 2009. Efficacy of Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (AM) Isolates of BananasAgainst the Damage Caused by Nematode Radopholus similis. on Banana cv. Ambon Hijau. The incidence of rootparasitic nematode Radopholus similis Cobb is one of the constraints on banana production. Arbuscular mycorrhizaeis obligate symbiont which can increase nutrient uptake and the resistance of plant against parasitic nematodes. Theobjective of this experiment was to determine the effects of inoculation of various indigenous AM isolates to controlR. similis on banana cv. Ambon Hijau. The experiment was conducted at Disease Laboratory and Screenhouse ofIndonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute at Solok, from February to December 2004. The experiment was arrangedin a randomized block design with 7 treatments and 4 replications. Each treatment consisted of 2 plants. The treatmentscomprised of 5 indigenous AM isolates from several areas of bananas plantation, i.e.; AM from Batu Sangkar (var.Buai), AM from 50 Kota (var. Raja Serai), AM from Sawahlunto Sijunjung (var. Udang), AM from Padang (var.Kepok), AM from Padang Pariaman (var. Manis), one mixed AM of Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institutecollection (Biorhiza 02 G), and control. The results showed that all of AM isolates were significantly suppress thereproductive of R. similis on banana and also significantly decrease plant damages caused by that nematode. Thebest AM isolates in controlling R. similis were isolates from Padang and Biorhiza 02 G because they were not onlyable to suppress reproductiveness of nematode, but also decrease plant damages to lowest level. Isolates from 50Kota and Batu Sangkar were able to increase plant tolerance by showing lower damages comparable to AM isolatesfrom Padang and Biorhiza 02 G. Arbuscular mycorrhizae had the potency as biocontrol agent in controlling parasiticnematode R. similis on banana