In this article, I tried to clarify the significance of the theoretical dialogue between critical social theory and feminism. In the first section, I described both the similarities and differences between Habermasian critical theory and contemporary feminist thought in regard to their assesments of modernity. Through considerations on their stance toward \u27modem civil society\u27, I pointed out the potential and significance of their theoretical dialogue. Because both Habermas and contemporary feminists try to immanently criticize the problems of modernity, it seems possible for them to be conversational partners to each other. However, at the same time, their respective scope and focus in criticising modernity are different. So it is expected that their dialogue concerning modernity will be fruitful. In the second and third sections, I picked up the controversial questions which were raised by feminist scholars in the academic fields of moral-political theory. In tracing and reassesing their basic contention that traditional viewpoints of moral-political theory are \u27masculinist\u27 and not reflective about the power-ridden gender relationships that were formed in the wake of modem civil society, I clarified that feminists questions of modernity and modem theoretical discourses are so radical that dialogue with feminists seems to compel critical theory to transform itself at the deepest level. Though Habermasian communicative action theory is open to such a potential self-transformation, and has a great deal of theoretical advantage of absorbing the feminist critique in comparision with previous critical theories, radical theoretical changes have not been completed by Habermas himself for now. In the final section, I appraised the theoretical-practical implications caused through the discusion between critical theory and feminism. Considering the contemporary socio-cultural phenomena in which we can see the increasing demands for \u27identity\u27 and \u27difference\u27 in various way, it seems that Habermasian theory which stresses the importance of consensus-making process of communication is not critical enough to criticize the conditions of social communications of our days. I think that contemporary critical theory has to transform itself to grasp not only the significance of \u27communication for consensus\u27, but also that of \u27communication for difference\u27. To accomplish such a theoretical task, I think, conversation with feminist thought is dispensable and its result will be frutiful for critical social theory today
