Vaccines, analgesia, and antibiotics embody some of the most
enduring therapeutic breakthroughs that have transformed
medicine. Building on such fine paradigms of biomedical
innovation, the evolution of technologies has increasingly
sparked spectacular advances across the continuum of wellness
and disease-spanning medical and surgical specialties. Discovery
science—fueled by government and private sector resources—has
systematically instituted the principles of modern healthcare
delivery ensuring that medical practice is based on up-to-date
scientifi c evidence. Th e harmony between science, technology,
and resources has culminated in a golden age of discovery and
translation, eradicating infections, curing cancers, and palliating
endocrine and metabolic diseases. Indeed, proven therapeutic and
preventive approaches have progressively moved into everyday
practice
