Castro Barros, Celia Maria

Ho, Long Tuan

Volcke, Eveline

Winkler, Mari-Karoliina Hendriikka

Ghent University Academic Bibliography

9th IWA Symposium on Systems Analysis and Integrated AssessmentGold Coast, Queensland, Australia15 June 2015Celia M. Castro-Barros, Long T. Ho, Mari-K. H. Winkler, Eveline I. P. VolckeModelling simultaneous methane and ammonium removal in a one-stage aerobic granular sludge reactorBiosystems Engineering2Concernbiogas (CH4, CO2)Energy productionAnaerobic DigestionDigested sludgeDewat.Reject water from anaerobic digestion contains NH4+ and CH4NH4+• Eutrophication• Toxic for living organismsCH4• Greenhouse gas (34 CO2 equivalent)• High impact on global warmingReject Water:- High NH4+- High T- CH4 solvedBiosystems Engineeringcould be combined withAnaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox)NH4+ + 1.3 NO2- N2 + 0.3 NO3-Removal of CH4 and NH4+Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-damo)33CH4 + 8NO2-  3CO2 + 4N2N-damo vs. anammox bacteriaN-damo anammoxSlower growth rate of N-damo - µmax [d-1] 0.0495 0.052≈ biomass yield (autotrophic growth) – Y [gCOD.g-1N*] 0.16 0.17Lower nitrite affinity of N-damo - KNO2  [gN.m-3] 0.6 0.005More sensitive to nitrite inhibition - KiNO2 [gN.m-3] 40 400* N-NH4+ for anammox bacteria and N-NO2- for N-damo bacteriaBiosystems Engineering4Could we combine N-damo and anammox inNON-AERATED granular sludge reactors to simultaneously remove CH4 and NH4+?Granular sludge reactors• Low footprint• High SRT• Different microbial communitiesBiosystems Engineering5Could we combine N-damo and anammox inNON-AERATED granular sludge reactors to simultaneously remove CH4 and NH4+?Yes, we can !IF influent CH4:NH4+:NO2- ratio close to stoichiometric biomass loading rate sufficiently low preferably small granulesWinkler et al., Water Research, 2015Biosystems Engineeringreject water6Could we combine N-damo and partial nitritation-anammox inAEROBIC granular sludge reactors to simultaneously remove CH4 and NH4+ from reject water?biogas (CH4, CO2)Anaerobic DigestionDigested sludgeDewat.partial nitritationanammoxN-damoO2NH4+ANOXICAnammoxAEROBICAOBNO2-N2CH4N2/CO2NH4+; CH4N-damoBiosystems Engineering7One dimensional mathematical model – AquasimAssessment of bacterial competition in aerobic granulesMathematical modelO2 NH4+ NO2- CH4 NO3- N2AnammoxbacteriaN-damobacteriaAnaerobic Heterot.AOBNOBMOBAerobic Heterot.ConsumedProducedBiosystems Engineering8Scenario analysis• Effect of influent NH4+ concentration• Effect of O2 concentration in the bulk liquid• Biomass distribution in the granulesMost optimistic scenario: CH4 stripping not consideredCould we combine N-damo and partial nitritation-anammox inAEROBIC granular sludge reactors to simultaneously remove CH4 and NH4+ from reject water?Biosystems Engineering9NH4+ = 300 g N.m-3CH4 = 100 g COD.m-3Granule size = 0.75 mmO2 = 0.1-1.5 gO2.m-3AnammoxN-damo• If higher, anammox and N-damo bacteria inhibited• If lower, not enough conversion to NO2-Effect of O2 concentration in the bulk liquidBiomass fraction0.2 – 0.3 gO2/m3Optimum atlimited O2 concentrations:Biosystems Engineering10Effect of O2 concentration in the bulk liquidSubstrate concentration99% CH4 removal achieved95% N removal achievedCH4NH4+0.2 – 0.3 gO2/m3Optimum atlimited O2 concentrations:NH4+ = 300 g N.m-3CH4 = 100 g COD.m-3Granule size = 0.75 mmO2 = 0.1-1.5 gO2.m-3Biosystems Engineering11NH4+ = 100-2000 gN.m-3CH4 = 100 gCOD.m-3Granule size = 0.75 mmO2 = 0.2 gO2.m-3AnammoxN-damoCoexistence of anammoxand N-damo:Influent NH4+300 – 500 gN/m3• If higher, anammox bacteria outcompete N-damo bacteria• If lower, not enough substrate (NH4+ and NO2-)Effect of influent NH4+ concentrationBiomass fractionBiosystems Engineering12NH4+ = 300 g N/m3O2 = 0.2 g O2/m3CH4 = 100 g COD/m3Granule size = 0.75 mm AnammoxN-damo• Anammox bacteria located closer to the surface area compared to N-damobacteria• AOB dominate the outer oxic partAOBAnoxic AerobicBiomass distribution in the granules• no MOB – no aerobic methane oxidationIn OutBiosystems Engineering13• Simultaneous NH4+ and CH4 removalfeasible in aerated granular sludge reactors, neglecting CH4 stripping • Careful control of bulk oxygen concentration required - high enough for NH4+ conversion to NO2-- low enough to prevent inhibition of N-damo and anammox• Influent ammonium concentration - high enough for NO2- production- low enough to prevent outcompetition of N-damoConclusionsCelia M. Castro-Barros, Long T. Ho, Mari-K. H. Winkler, Eveline I. P. VolckeThank you for your attentionQuestions?The research leading to these results has received funding from the People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under REA agreement 289193.This presentation reflects only the author’s views and the European Union is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. 

Modelling simultaneous methane and ammonium removal in a one-stage aerobic granular sludge reactor

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Modelling simultaneous methane and ammonium removal in a one-stage aerobic granular sludge reactor

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