Background

Postweaning infection with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains leads to high morbidity and mortality in piglets.

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) exhibits antibacterial, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.

Garlic could be an alternative or complementary prophylaxis and therapy, but established dose regimens are missing

Ayrle, Hannah

Mevissen, Meike

Nathues, Heiko

Walkenhorst, Michael

Organic Eprints

Allium sativum L. for prophylaxis of diarrhea in weaned piglets How to find the right dosage© 2017 FiBLHannah Ayrle1, Meike Mevissen2, Heiko Nathues3, Michael Walkenhorst11 Department of Livestock Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, 5070 Frick, Switzerland2 Division Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty,  University of Bern, Switzerland3 Swine Clinic, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, SwitzerlandAcknowledgements and ReferencesThe authors thank the Swiss retailer Migros for funding the literature review and the following clinical trial. 1. Fairbrother J.M., Gyles C.L. Colibacillosis. In:  Zimmerman J.J., Karriker L.A., Ramirez A., Schwartz K.J., Stevenson G.W., editors. Diseases of Swine. 10 ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 2012.2. Ayrle H., Mevissen M., Kaske M., Nathues H.,  Gruetzner N., Melzig M., et al. Medicinal plants - prophylactic and therapeutic options for gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in calves and piglets?  A systematic review. BMC veterinary research. 2016; 12(1):89.Contacthannah.ayrle@fibl.orgBackgroundPostweaning infection with  enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains leads to high  morbidity and mortality in piglets. (1)Garlic (Allium sativum L.) exhibits anti-bacterial, antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. (2)Garlic could be an alternative or comple-mentary prophylaxis and therapy, but established dose regimens are missing. (2)Material and Methods• Based on a systematic review (2), 16 peer-reviewed references, 2 textbooks on veterinary phyto-therapy, ESCOP and Commission E monographs were screened for scientific proven or recommended daily dosages of garlic.• The aim was, to determine the amount of used dry plant drug equivalent (DEV) in mg. • To include data from studies with different mammalian species, a conversion via metabolic body weight (MBW) was conducted.• Due to a lack of given data, for only 3 peer-reviewed references  (pigs: 1; cattle: 1; poultry: 1) a dosage calculation was possible.ResultsDaily dosages range from a minimum of 30 mg to a maximum  of 1052 mg DEV garlic/kg MBW (mean: 520.8 mg; median: 557 mg) (see graph 1).Conclusion• For studies of pharmacodynamic and clinical trials we propose to use dosages of 300 mg garlic/day/kg (500 mg/kg MBW) in pharmaceutical quality and with known phytochemical composition for a duration of 7–14 days.• A following clinical trial with piglets has been conducted to investigate the effects of garlic on postweaning diarrhea and performance – analysis of data is under way.Photo 1: Newly weaned piglet with diarrhea. Photo: © FiBL, Mirjam HolingerPhoto 2: Piglet with E. coli sepsis. Photo: © FiBL, Hannah AyrlePhoto 3: Garlic bulb. Photo: © FiBL, Hannah AyrleGraph 1: Daily dosages for garlic in screened references Download a PDF of this poster:www.orgprints.org/32071/2012 2003 2007 2015 2003 2010 2015 2010 2007020040060080010001200Kommission E Kräuter fürNutz-undHeimtiereESCOP Grela et al. Reichling et al. ESCOP Ghosh et al. Reichling et al. Hanieh et al. Grela et al.mg DEV garlic / kg MBW

Allium sativum L. for prophylaxis of diarrhea in weaned piglets

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Organic Eprints